ASTM D2924-24
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for External Pressure Resistance of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe
Standard Test Method for External Pressure Resistance of “Fiberglass”<brk /> (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The values obtained by this test method are applicable only to conditions that specifically duplicate the procedures used.
5.2 After a scaling constant is determined for one diameter, this may be used for calculating the external failure pressures of other diameters as long as the resin and reinforcement (if used), the wall thickness-to-diameter ratio, and the reinforcement pattern (if reinforcement is used) are the same.
Note 3: Based upon tests conducted on one size of pipe, a scaling constant is calculated according to 10.1 or 10.2. The appropriate constant is used to calculate failure pressure for other pipe diameters, but it can only be applied if the same resin and reinforcement are used, the wall thickness to diameter ratios are similar, and the reinforcement pattern is constant.
5.3 In the application of the following test requirements and recommendations, care must be exercised to ensure that the specimens tested are truly representative of the group being studied.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the resistance of fiberglass pipe to external pressure. It classifies failures as buckling, compressive, and leaking. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes.
Note 1: For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not include natural polymers.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2924 − 24
Standard Test Method for
External Pressure Resistance of “Fiberglass”
1
(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2924; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope tics (Withdrawn 2024)
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
1.1 This test method covers determination of the resistance
of fiberglass pipe to external pressure. It classifies failures as
3. Terminology
buckling, compressive, and leaking. Both glass-fiber-
3.1 Definitions:
reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-
reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes. 3.1.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology D883
or F412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology
NOTE 1—For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not include
D1600, unless otherwise indicated.
natural polymers.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.2.1 aggregate, n—a siliceous sand conforming to the
as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for informa-
requirements of Specification C33/C33M, except that the
tion only.
requirements for gradation shall not apply.
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
3.2.2 buckling failure pressure—the external gage pressure
at which buckling occurs. Buckling is characterized by a sharp
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
discontinuity in the pressure-volume change graph and subse-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
quent fracture in the test specimen appearing as an axially
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
oriented crack. Buckling is an elastic instability type of failure
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
and is normally associated with thin-wall pipe.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.3 compressive failure pressure—the maximum external
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
gage pressure that the specimen will resist without transmis-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
sion of the testing fluid through the wall. Compressive failure
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
pressure will not be associated with a sharp discontinuity in the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
pressure-volume change graph nor lead to a fracture appearing
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
as a sharp axially oriented crack. It will appear as a fracture
which is the result of reaching the compressive strength limits
2. Referenced Documents
of the material and is normally associated with thick-wall pipe.
2 Failure is usually identified by a sudden drop in pressure.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.4 fiberglass pipe, n—a tubular product containing glass
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
fiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by cured
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
thermosetting resin; the composite structure may contain
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas- aggregate, granular, or platelet fillers, thixotropic agents,
pigments, or dyes; thermoplastic or thermosetting liners or
coatings may be included.
1
3.2.5 leaking pressure—the external gage pressure at which
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced Thermoset-
the test fluid is transmitted through the pipe wall. It is
ting Resin Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment.
characterized in this test by continuous volume change indica-
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2024. Published February 2024. Originally
tions with no pressure increase.
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as D2924 – 12 (2023).
DOI: 10.1520/D2924-24.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © AST
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2924 − 12 (Reapproved 2023) D2924 − 24
Standard Test Method for
External Pressure Resistance of “Fiberglass”
1
(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2924; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers determination of the resistance of fiberglass pipe to external pressure. It classifies failures as buckling,
compressive, and leaking. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar
pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes.
NOTE 1—For the purposes of this standard, polymer does not include natural polymers.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
NOTE 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
3
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics (Withdrawn 2024)
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced Thermosetting
Resin Piping Systems and Chemical Equipment.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023Feb. 1, 2024. Published November 2023February 2024. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20172023
as D2924 – 12 (2017).(2023). DOI: 10.1520/D2924-12R23.10.1520/D2924-24.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D2924 − 24
3.1.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology D883 or F412 and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600,
unless otherwise indicated.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 aggregate, n—a siliceous sand conforming to the requirements of Specification C33/C33M, except that the requirements for
gradation shall not apply.
3.2.2 buckling failure pressure—the external gage pressure at which buckling occurs. Buckling is characterized by a sharp
discontinuity in the pressure-volume change graph and subsequent fracture in the test specimen appearing as an axially oriented
crack. Buckling is an elastic instability type of failure and is normally associated with thin-wall pipe.
3.2.3 compressive failure pressure—the maximum external gage pressure that the specimen will resist without transmission of the
testing fluid through the wall. Compressive failure pressure will not be associated with a sharp discontinuity in the pressure-volume
change graph nor lead to a fracture appearing as a sharp axially oriented crack. It will appear as a fracture which is the result of
reaching the compressive strength limits of the material and is normally associated with thick-wall pipe. Failure is usually
identified by a sudden drop in pressure.
3.2.4 fiberglass pipe, n—a tubular product containing glass fiber reinforcements embedded in or surrounded by cured
thermosetting resin; the composite structure may contain agg
...
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