89/392/EEC - Machinery - Safety of machinery: general essential health and safety requirements

This document specifies basic requirements for the laboratory testing of vibration transmission
through a vehicle seat to the occupant. These methods for measurement and analysis make it possible
to compare test results from different laboratories for equivalent seats.
It specifies the test method, the instrumentation requirements, the measuring assessment method and
the way to report the test result.
This document applies to specific laboratory seat tests which evaluate vibration transmission to the
occupants of any type of seat used in vehicles and mobile off-road machinery.
Application standards for specific vehicles refer to this document when defining the test input vibration
that is typical for the vibration characteristics of the type or class of vehicle or machinery in which the
seat is to be fitted.
NOTE Examples of application standards are given in the bibliography.

ISO 10326-1:2016 specifies basic requirements for the laboratory testing of vibration transmission through a vehicle seat to the occupant. These methods for measurement and analysis make it possible to compare test results from different laboratories for equivalent seats.
It specifies the test method, the instrumentation requirements, the measuring assessment method and the way to report the test result.
ISO 10326-1:2016 applies to specific laboratory seat tests which evaluate vibration transmission to the occupants of any type of seat used in vehicles and mobile off-road machinery.
Application standards for specific vehicles refer to this document when defining the test input vibration that is typical for the vibration characteristics of the type or class of vehicle or machinery in which the seat is to be fitted.
NOTE Examples of application standards are given in the bibliography.

EN ISO 11200 is the frame standard introducing the basic group, ISO 11201, ISO 11202, ISO 11203, ISO 11204 and ISO 11205, on the determination of emission sound pressure levels at work stations and other specified positions. It gives guidance for: - facilitating the writing of noise test codes; - providing physical explanations of this noise emission quantity compared to other noise quantities (see 4.1 to 4.3); - comparing the different measurement methods offered by the group (see Table 1); - facilitating the choice of the most appropriate method(s) in typical practical situations (Clause 6). This International Standard is largely based on flow charts and tables. Case studies are described. The guidance given applies to airborne sound only. It is for use in noise testing, in general, and in the preparation of noise test codes, in particular. A standardized noise test code is intended to select standards from the ISO 11201, ISO 11202, ISO 11203, ISO 11204 and ISO 11205 group, which are the most appropriate to the machinery family it covers, and which give detailed requirements on mounting and operating conditions for the particular family, as well as the location of the work station(s) and other specified positions as prescribed in these International Standards. The data so obtained can be used for the declaration and verification of emission sound pressure levels, e.g. as specified in ISO 4871.

ISO 11200:2014 is the frame standard introducing the basic group, ISO 11201, ISO 11202, ISO 11203, ISO 11204 and ISO 11205, on the determination of emission sound pressure levels at work stations and other specified positions. It gives guidance for:
facilitating the writing of noise test codes;
providing physical explanations of this noise emission quantity compared to other noise quantities (see 4.1 to 4.3);
comparing the different measurement methods offered by the group;
facilitating the choice of the most appropriate method(s) in typical practical situations.
ISO 11200:2014 applies to airborne sound only. It is for use in noise testing, in general, and in the preparation of noise test codes, in particular.
A standardized noise test code is intended to select standards from the ISO 11201, ISO 11202, ISO 11203, ISO 11204 and ISO 11205 group, which are the most appropriate to the machinery family it covers, and which give detailed requirements on mounting and operating conditions for the particular family, as well as the location of the work station(s) and other specified positions as prescribed in these International Standards.

This International Standard specifies principles for the design and selection — independent of the nature of the energy source — of interlocking devices associated with guards. This International Standard covers the parts of guards which actuate interlocking devices. NOTE ISO 14120 specifies general requirements for the design and construction of guards provided primarily to protect persons from mechanical hazards. The processing of the signal from the interlocking device to stop and immobilize the machine is dealt with in ISO 13849-1 or IEC 62061. This International Standard does not necessarily provide all the specific requirements for trapped key systems. This International Standard provides measures to minimize defeat of interlocking devices in a reasonably foreseeable manner.

This part of ISO 5395 specifies safety requirements and their verification for combustion-enginepowered ride-on (seated) rotary lawnmowers and cylinder lawnmowers (hereafter named “lawnmower”), and equipped with: - metallic cutting means; and/or - non-metallic cutting means with one or more cutting elements pivotally mounted on a generally circular drive unit, where these cutting elements rely on centrifugal force to achieve cutting, and have a kinetic energy for each single cutting element of 10 J or more. This part of ISO 5395 does not apply to: - robotic and remote-controlled lawnmowers, flail mowers, grassland mowers, sickle bar mowers, towed/semi-mounted grass-cutting machines, and scrub-clearing machines; - cutting-means assembly when used in combination with an agricultural tractor; - electrically powered and battery-powered lawnmowers.

This part of ISO 5395 specifies terminology and common test methods used for verification of safety requirements for combustion engine powered rotary lawnmowers and cylinder lawnmowers including pedestrian-controlled (with or without sulky) and ride-on types (hereafter named “lawnmower”), and equipped with: - metallic cutting means and/or; - non-metallic cutting means with one or more cutting elements pivotally mounted on a generally circular drive unit, where these cutting elements rely on centrifugal force to achieve cutting, and have a kinetic energy for each single cutting element of 10 J or more. This document does not apply to: - robotic and remote-controlled lawnmowers, flail mowers, grassland mowers, sickle bar mowers, towed/semi-mounted grass cutting machines, and scrub-clearing machines; - cutting-means assembly when used in combination with an agricultural tractor; - electrically powered and battery-powered lawnmowers.

This part of ISO 5395 specifies safety requirements and their verification for combustion-enginepowered pedestrian-controlled rotary lawnmowers and cylinder lawnmowers, including pedestriancontrolled mowers with a sulky having a seated operator (hereafter named “lawnmower”), and equipped with: - metallic cutting means; and/or - non-metallic cutting means with one or more cutting elements pivotally mounted on a generally circular drive unit, where these cutting elements rely on centrifugal force to achieve cutting, and have a kinetic energy for each single cutting element of 10 J or more. This part of ISO 5395 does not apply to: - robotic and remote-controlled lawnmowers, flail mowers, grassland mowers, sickle bar mowers, towed/semi-mounted grass-cutting machines, and scrub-clearing machines; - electrically powered and battery-powered lawnmowers; - pedestrian-controlled lawnmowers with a swing-over handle.

ISO 14119:2013 specifies principles for the design and selection ? independent of the nature of the energy source ? of interlocking devices associated with guards.It covers the parts of guards which actuate interlocking devices. It does not necessarily provide all the specific requirements for trapped key systems.
ISO 14119:2013 provides measures to minimize defeat of interlocking devices in a reasonably foreseeable manner.

ISO 5395-1:2013 specifies terminology and common test methods used for verification of safety requirements for combustion engine powered rotary lawnmowers and cylinder lawnmowers including pedestrian-controlled (with or without sulky) and ride-on types (hereafter named "lawnmower"), and equipped with: metallic cutting means and/or; non-metallic cutting means with one or more cutting elements pivotally mounted on a generally circular drive unit, where these cutting elements rely on centrifugal force to achieve cutting, and have a kinetic energy for each single cutting element of 10 J or more.
It does not apply to: robotic and remote-controlled lawnmowers, flail mowers, grassland mowers, sickle bar mowers, towed/semi-mounted grass cutting machines, and scrub-clearing machines; cutting-means assembly when used in combination with an agricultural tractor; electrically powered and battery-powered lawnmowers.
Note that IEC 60335-1 together with IEC 60335-2-77, give requirements for pedestrian-controlled walk-behind electrically powered lawnmowers.
ISO 5395-1:2013 is not applicable to lawnmowers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document.

ISO 5395-3:2013 specifies safety requirements and their verification for combustion-engine-powered ride-on (seated) rotary lawnmowers and cylinder lawnmowers (hereafter named "lawnmower"), and equipped with: metallic cutting means; and/or non-metallic cutting means with one or more cutting elements pivotally mounted on a generally circular drive unit, where these cutting elements rely on centrifugal force to achieve cutting, and have a kinetic energy for each single cutting element of 10 J or more.
It does not apply to: robotic and remote-controlled lawnmowers, flail mowers, grassland mowers, sickle bar mowers, towed/semi-mounted grass-cutting machines, and scrub-clearing machines; cutting-means assembly when used in combination with an agricultural tractor; electrically powered and battery-powered lawnmowers.
ISO 5395-3:2013 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or events relevant to lawnmowers when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
It is not applicable to lawnmowers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document.

ISO 5395-2:2013 specifies safety requirements and their verification for combustion-engine-powered pedestrian-controlled (with or without sulky) rotary lawnmowers and cylinder lawnmowers (hereafter named "lawnmower"), and equipped with: metallic cutting means; and/or non-metallic cutting means with one or more cutting elements pivotally mounted on a generally circular drive unit, where these cutting elements rely on centrifugal force to achieve cutting, and have a kinetic energy for each single cutting element of 10 J or more.
It does not apply to: robotic and remote-controlled lawnmowers, flail mowers, grassland mowers, sickle bar mowers, towed/semi-mounted grass-cutting machines, and scrub-clearing machines; electrically powered and battery-powered lawnmowers; pedestrian-controlled lawnmowers with a swing-over handle.
Note that IEC 60335-1 together with IEC 60335-2-77 give requirements for pedestrian-controlled walk-behind electrically powered lawnmowers.
ISO 5395-2:2013 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or events relevant to lawnmowers when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
It is not applicable to lawnmowers which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document.

This part of ISO 28927 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power driven portable die grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of the machines where operating under type test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. This part of ISO 28927 is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other means, equipped with a collet and intended for deburring operations using hard metal burrs or mounted points, on different materials ranging from hard steel to plastics. It is also applicable to low-speed die grinders using flap wheels or cylindrical sleeves.

ISO 28927-12:2012 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power driven portable die grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of the machines where operating under type test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine.
ISO 28927-12:2012 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, equipped with a collet and intended for deburring operations using hard metal burrs or mounted points, on different materials ranging from hard steel to plastics. It is also applicable to low-speed die grinders using flap wheels or cylindrical sleeves.

This part of ISO 28927 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of straight grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test wheel and run under no-load conditions.
This part of ISO 28927 is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for grinding and surface finishing using straight grinding wheels type 1, tapered wheels type 4 and cylindrical plugs, e.g. of type 16 (cylindrical plug, tapered cone), 18 (cylindrical plug, flat end), 18R (cylindrical plug, rounded end) and 19 (cylindrical plug, taper-roll shaped), for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to grinders used with wire brushes, nor is it applicable to die grinders where the inserted tool is mounted in a collet. NOTE 1 Typical machines covered by this part of ISO 28927 are illustrated in Figures 1 to 3.
It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine.
NOTE 2 To avoid confusion with the terms “power tool” and “inserted tool”, “machine” is used hereinafter for the former.

This International Standard specifies methods for determining the sound power level or sound energy level of a noise source from sound pressure levels measured on a surface enveloping a noise source (machinery or equipment) in a test environment for which requirements are given. The sound power level (or, in the case of noise bursts or transient noise emission, the sound energy level) produced by the noise source with frequency A-weighting applied is calculated using those measurements. The methods specified in this International Standard are suitable for all types of noise (steady, non-steady, fluctuating, isolated bursts of sound energy, etc.) defined in ISO 12001. This International Standard is applicable to all types and sizes of noise source (e.g. stationary or slowly moving plant, installation, machine, component or sub-assembly), provided the conditions for the measurements can be met. The test environments that are applicable for measurements made in accordance with this International Standard can be located indoors or outdoors, with one or more sound-reflecting planes present on or near which the noise source under test is mounted. Information is given on the uncertainty of the sound power levels and sound energy levels determined in accordance with this International Standard, for measurements made with frequency A-weighting applied. The uncertainty conforms with that of ISO 12001:1996, accuracy grade 3 (survey grade).

ISO 28927-4:2010 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of straight grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test wheel and run under no-load conditions.
ISO 28927-4:2010 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, intended for grinding and surface finishing using straight grinding wheels type 1, tapered wheels type 4 and cylindrical plugs, e.g. of type 16 (cylindrical plug, tapered cone), 18 (cylindrical plug, flat end), 18R (cylindrical plug, rounded end) and 19 (cylindrical plug, taper-roll shaped), for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to grinders used with wire brushes, nor is it applicable to die grinders where the inserted tool is mounted in a collet.

ISO 3746:2010 specifies methods for determining the sound power level or sound energy level of a noise source from sound pressure levels measured on a surface enveloping a noise source (machinery or equipment) in a test environment for which requirements are given. The sound power level (or, in the case of noise bursts or transient noise emission, the sound energy level) produced by the noise source with frequency A-weighting applied is calculated using those measurements.
The methods specified in ISO 3746:2010 are suitable for all types of noise (steady, non-steady, fluctuating, isolated bursts of sound energy, etc.) defined in ISO 12001.
ISO 3746:2010 is applicable to all types and sizes of noise source (e.g. stationary or slowly moving plant, installation, machine, component or sub-assembly), provided the conditions for the measurements can be met.
The test environments that are applicable for measurements made in accordance with ISO 3746:2010 can be located indoors or outdoors, with one or more sound-reflecting planes present on or near which the noise source under test is mounted.
Information is given on the uncertainty of the sound power levels and sound energy levels determined in accordance with ISO 3746:2010, for measurements made with frequency A-weighting applied. The uncertainty conforms with that of ISO 12001:1996, accuracy grade 3 (survey grade).

This part of ISO 3743 specifies methods for determining the sound power level or sound energy level of a noise source by comparing measured sound pressure levels emitted by this source (machinery or equipment) mounted in a hard-walled test room, the characteristics of which are specified, with those from a calibrated reference sound source. The sound power level (or, in the case of noise bursts or transient noise emission, the sound energy level) produced by the noise source, in frequency bands of width one octave, is calculated using those measurements. The sound power level or sound energy level with A-weighting applied is calculated using the octave-band levels.

This International Standard specifies methods for determining the sound power level or sound energy level of a noise source from sound pressure levels measured on a surface enveloping the noise source (machinery or equipment) in an environment that approximates to an acoustic free field near one or more reflecting planes. The sound power level (or, in the case of noise bursts or transient noise emission, the sound energy level) produced by the noise source, in frequency bands or with A-weighting applied, is calculated using those measurements.

ISO 3744:2010 specifies methods for determining the sound power level or sound energy level of a noise source from sound pressure levels measured on a surface enveloping the noise source (machinery or equipment) in an environment that approximates to an acoustic free field near one or more reflecting planes. The sound power level (or, in the case of noise bursts or transient noise emission, the sound energy level) produced by the noise source, in frequency bands or with frequency A-weighting applied, is calculated using those measurements.
The methods specified in ISO 3744:2010 are suitable for all types of noise (steady, non-steady, fluctuating, isolated bursts of sound energy, etc.) defined in ISO 12001.
ISO 3744:2010 is applicable to all types and sizes of noise source (e.g. stationary or slowly moving plant, installation, machine, component or sub-assembly), provided the conditions for the measurements can be met.
The test environments that are applicable for measurements made in accordance with ISO 3744:2010 can be located indoors or outdoors, with one or more sound-reflecting planes present on or near which the noise source under test is mounted. The ideal environment is a completely open space with no bounding or reflecting surfaces other than the reflecting plane(s) (such as that provided by a qualified hemi-anechoic chamber), but procedures are given for applying corrections (within limits that are specified) in the case of environments that are less than ideal.
Information is given on the uncertainty of the sound power levels and sound energy levels determined in accordance with ISO 3744:2010, for measurements made in limited bands of frequency and with frequency A-weighting applied. The uncertainty conforms to ISO 12001:1996, accuracy grade 2 (engineering grade).

ISO 3743-1:2010 specifies methods for determining the sound power level or sound energy level of a noise source by comparing measured sound pressure levels emitted by this source (machinery or equipment) mounted in a hard-walled test room, the characteristics of which are specified, with those from a calibrated reference sound source. The sound power level (or, in the case of noise bursts or transient noise emission, the sound energy level) produced by the noise source, in frequency bands of width one octave, is calculated using those measurements. The sound power level or sound energy level with frequency A-weighting applied is calculated using the octave-band levels.
The method specified in ISO 3743-1:2010 is suitable for all types of noise (steady, non-steady, fluctuating, isolated bursts of sound energy, etc.) defined in ISO 12001.
The noise source under test may be a device, machine, component or sub-assembly. The maximum size of the source depends upon the size of the room used for the acoustical measurements (see 4.2).
The test environment that is applicable for measurements made in accordance with ISO 3743-1:2010 is a hard-walled test room with prescribed acoustical characteristics.
Information is given on the uncertainty of the sound power levels and sound energy levels determined in accordance with ISO 3743-1:2010, for measurements made in frequency octave bands and for A-weighted frequency calculations performed on them. The uncertainty conforms to ISO 12001:1996, accuracy grade 2 (engineering grade).

This International Standard specifies a method for determining the emission sound pressure levels of machinery or equipment, at a work station and at other specified positions nearby, in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane. A work station is occupied by an operator and may be located in open space, in the room where the source under test operates, in a cab fixed to the source under test, or in an enclosure remote from the source under test. One or more specified positions may be located in the vicinity of a work station, or in the vicinity of an attended or unattended machine. Such positions are sometimes referred to as bystander positions. Emission sound pressure levels are determined as A-weighted levels. Additionally, levels in frequency bands and C-weighted peak emission sound pressure levels can be determined in accordance with this International Standard, if required.

This International Standard specifies a method for determining the emission sound pressure levels of machinery or equipment, at a work station and at other specified positions nearby, in any environment which meets certain qualification requirements. A work station is occupied by an operator and may be located in open space, in the room where the source under test operates, in a cab fixed to the source under test, or in an enclosure remote from the source under test. One or more specified positions may be located in the vicinity of a work station, or in the vicinity of an attended or unattended machine. Such positions are sometimes referred to as bystander positions. Emission sound pressure levels are determined as A-weighted levels. Additionally, levels in frequency bands and C-weighted peak emission sound pressure levels can be determined in accordance with this International Standard, if required.

This International Standard specifies a method for determining the emission sound pressure levels of machinery or equipment, at a work station and at other specified positions nearby, in situ. A work station is occupied by an operator and may be located in open space, in the room where the source under test operates, in a cab fixed to the source under test, or in an enclosure remote from the source under test. One or more specified positions may be located in the vicinity of a work station, or in the vicinity of an attended or unattended machine. Such positions are sometimes referred to as bystander positions. Emission sound pressure levels are determined as A-weighted levels. Additionally, levels in frequency bands and C-weighted peak emission sound pressure levels can be determined in accordance with this International Standard, if required.

ISO 11202:2010 specifies a method for determining the emission sound pressure levels of machinery or equipment, at a work station and at other specified positions nearby, in situ. A work station is occupied by an operator and may be located in open space, in the room where the source under test operates, in a cab fixed to the source under test, or in an enclosure remote from the source under test. One or more specified positions may be located in the vicinity of a work station, or in the vicinity of an attended or unattended machine. Such positions are sometimes referred to as bystander positions.
Emission sound pressure levels are determined as A-weighted levels. Additionally, levels in frequency bands and C-weighted peak emission sound pressure levels can be determined in accordance with ISO 11202:2010, if required.
Methods are given for determining a local environmental correction (subject to a specified limiting maximum value) to be applied to the measured sound pressure levels in order to eliminate the influence of reflecting surfaces other than the plane on which the source under test is placed. This correction is based on the equivalent sound absorption area of the test room and on radiation characteristics (source location or directivity at the work station).
With the method specified in ISO 11202:2010, results of accuracy grade 2 (engineering grade) or accuracy grade 3 (survey grade) are obtained. Corrections are applied for background noise and, as described above, for the acoustic environment. Instructions are given for the mounting and operation of the source under test and for the choice of microphone positions for the work station and for other specified positions. One purpose of the measurements is to permit comparison of the performance of different units of a given family of machines, under defined environmental conditions and standardized mounting and operating conditions.
The method specified in ISO 11202:2010 is suitable for all types of noise (steady, non-steady, fluctuating, isolated bursts of sound energy, etc.) defined in ISO 12001.
The method specified in ISO 11202:2010 is applicable to all types and sizes of noise sources.
The type of test environment influences the accuracy of the determination of emission sound pressure levels. For ISO 11202:2010, any room meeting prescribed requirements is applicable. These requirements on the room are less strict compared to those of ISO 11201[15], in particular regarding the acoustical quality of the environment.
ISO 11202:2010 is applicable to work stations and other specified positions where emission sound pressure levels are to be measured.
Appropriate positions where measurements may be made include the following: a) work station located in the vicinity of the source under test; this is the case for many industrial machines and domestic appliances; b) work station within a cab which is an integral part of the source under test; this is the case for many industrial trucks and earth-moving machines; c) work station within a partial or total enclosure (or behind a screen) supplied by the manufacturer as an integral part of the source under test; d) work station partially or totally enclosed by the source under test; this situation may be encountered with some large industrial machines; e) bystander positions occupied by individuals not responsible for the operation of the source under test, but who may be in its immediate vicinity, either occasionally or continuou

ISO 11204:2010 specifies a method for determining the emission sound pressure levels of machinery or equipment, at a work station and at other specified positions nearby, in any environment which meets certain qualification requirements. A work station is occupied by an operator and may be located in open space, in the room where the source under test operates, in a cab fixed to the source under test, or in an enclosure remote from the source under test. One or more specified positions may be located in the vicinity of a work station, or in the vicinity of an attended or unattended machine. Such positions are sometimes referred to as bystander positions.
Emission sound pressure levels are determined as A-weighted levels. Additionally, levels in frequency bands and C-weighted peak emission sound pressure levels can be determined in accordance with ISO 11204:2010, if required.
A method is given for determining a local environmental correction (subject to a specified limiting maximum value) to be applied to the measured sound pressure levels to exclude the effects of reflections from reflecting surfaces other than the plane on which the source under test is placed. This correction is based upon the mean sound pressure level on a measurement surface, the sound pressure level measured at a specified position, and either an environmental correction or the equivalent absorption area of the test room.
With the method specified in ISO 11204:2010 results of accuracy grade 2 (engineering grade) or accuracy grade 3 (survey grade) are obtained. Corrections are applied for background noise and, as described above, for the acoustic environment. Instructions are given for the mounting and operation of the source under test and for the choice of microphone positions for the work station and for other specified positions. One purpose of the measurements is to permit comparison of the performance of different units of a given family of machines, under defined environmental conditions and standardized mounting and operating conditions.
The method specified in ISO 11204:2010 is suitable for all types of noise (steady, non-steady, fluctuating, isolated bursts of sound energy, etc.) defined in ISO 12001.
The method specified in ISO 11204:2010 is applicable to all types and sizes of noise sources.
The type of test environment influences the accuracy of the determination of emission sound pressure levels. ISO 11204:2010 is applicable to an indoor or outdoor environment with one or more reflecting planes present, meeting specified requirements. These requirements on the room are less strict than those of ISO 11201, in particular regarding the acoustical quality of the environment.
ISO 11204:2010 is applicable to work stations and other specified positions where emission sound pressure levels are to be determined.
Appropriate positions where measurements may be made include the following: a) work station located in the vicinity of the source under test; this is the case for many industrial machines and domestic appliances; b) work station within a cab which is an integral part of the source under test; this is the case for many industrial trucks and earth-moving machines; c) work station within a partial or total enclosure (or behind a screen) supplied by the manufacturer as an integral part of the source under test; d) work station partially or totally enclosed by the source under test — this situation may be encountered with some large industrial machin

ISO 11201:2010 specifies a method for determining the emission sound pressure levels of machinery or equipment, at a work station and at other specified positions nearby, in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane. A work station is occupied by an operator and may be located in open space, in the room where the source under test operates, in a cab fixed to the source under test, or in an enclosure remote from the source under test. One or more specified positions may be located in the vicinity of a work station, or in the vicinity of an attended or unattended machine. Such positions are sometimes referred to as bystander positions.
Emission sound pressure levels are determined as A-weighted levels. Additionally, levels in frequency bands and C-weighted peak emission sound pressure levels can be determined in accordance with ISO 11201:2010, if required.
With the method specified in ISO 11201:2010, results of accuracy grade 1 (precision grade) or accuracy grade 2 (engineering grade) are obtained. Corrections are applied for background noise, but not for the acoustic environment. Instructions are given for the mounting and operation of the source under test and for the choice of microphone positions for the work station and for other specified positions. One purpose of the measurements is to permit comparison of the performance of different units of a given family of machines, under defined environmental conditions and standardized mounting and operating conditions.
The method specified in ISO 11201:2010 is suitable for all types of noise (steady, non-steady, fluctuating, isolated bursts of sound energy, etc.) defined in ISO 12001.
The method specified in ISO 11201:2010 is applicable to all types and sizes of noise sources.
The type of test environment influences the accuracy of the determination of emission sound pressure levels. For the application of ISO 11201:2010 an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (indoors or outdoors) is required.
ISO 11201:2010 is applicable to work stations and other specified positions where emission sound pressure levels are to be measured.
Appropriate positions where measurements may be made include the following: a) work station located in the vicinity of the source under test; this is the case for many industrial machines and domestic appliances; b) work station within a cab which is an integral part of the source under test; this is the case for many industrial trucks and earth-moving machines; c) work station within a partial or total enclosure (or behind a screen) supplied by the manufacturer as an integral part of the source under test; d) work station partially or totally enclosed by the source under test; this situation may be encountered with some large industrial machines; e) bystander positions occupied by individuals not responsible for the operation of the source under test, but who may be in its immediate vicinity, either occasionally or continuously; f) other specified positions, not necessarily work stations or bystander positions.
The work station may also lie on a specified path along which an operator moves.

This standard specifies the special safety requirements for Mast Climbing Work Platforms (MCWP) which are temporarily installed and are manually or power operated and which are designed to be used by one or more persons from which to carry out work. The vertical moving components (work platform) are also used to move those same persons and their equipment and materials to and from a single boarding point. These restrictions differentiate MCWPs from Builder's hoists. The standard can also be used for permanently installed MCWP. This standard is applicable to work platforms elevated by rack and pinion and guided by and moving along their supporting masts, where the masts may or may not require lateral restraint from separate supporting structures. This standard is applicable to any combination of the following alternatives: One or more masts; Mast tied or untied; Mast of fixed or variable length; Masts vertical or inclined between 0° and 30° to the vertical; Masts which are standing or hanging; Movable or static base (chassis, or base frame); Manually or power operated elevation; Towed or self powered ground travel on site, excluding road traffic regulation requirements; Driven using electric, pneumatic or hydraulic motors. This standard identifies the hazards arising during the various phases in the life of such equipment and describes methods for the elimination or reduction of these hazards and for the use of safe working practices.

This part of ISO 28927 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power-driven wrenches, nutrunners and screwdrivers used for tightening and loosening threaded fasteners. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine when operating at a specified load. The method has been tested for fastening tasks only. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. This part of ISO 28927 is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other means, with impact or impulse action, of shut-off, ratchet or stall type, and of all designs - straight, pistol-grip, angle or bow handle. It covers machines with 6,3 mm to 40 mm (1/4 in to 11/2 in) male or female drive output shafts, as well as other geometries. It is not applicable to nutrunners designed to be used only in torque reaction arms.

This part of ISO 28927 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven, portable polishers and rotary, orbital and random orbital sanders used for surface-finishing processes, not for material removal. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine when operating under type-test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine. This part of ISO 28927 is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other means. It is not applicable to straight grinders equipped with a sanding wheel or to belt sanders.

ISO 28927-2:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held power-driven wrenches, nutrunners and screwdrivers used for tightening and loosening threaded fasteners. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine when operating at a specified load. The method has been tested for fastening tasks only. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine.
ISO 28927-2:2009 is applicable to hand-held machines, driven pneumatically or by other means, with impact or impulse action, of shut-off, ratchet or stall type, and of all designs — straight, pistol‑grip, angle or bow handle. It covers machines with 6,3 mm to 40 mm (1/4 in to 1½ in) male or female drive output shafts, as well as other geometries. It is not applicable to nutrunners designed to be used only in torque reaction arms.

ISO 28927-3:2009 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the handles of hand-held, power-driven, portable polishers and rotary, orbital and random orbital sanders used for surface-finishing processes, not for material removal. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine when operating under type-test conditions. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the same type of machine.
ISO 28927-3:2009 is applicable to hand-held machines driven pneumatically or by other means. It is not applicable to straight grinders equipped with a sanding wheel or to belt sanders.

This part of ISO 11546 specifies laboratory methods for the determination of the Sound insulation performante (insertion loss) of small machine enclos- Ures. lt applies to a total enclosure only and not to the individual Panels from which the enclosure is made. The measurement methods specified in this part of ISO 11546 are based on International Standards in the series ISO 3740, ISO 9614 and ISO 11200 (see table 1). Depending on the method Chosen, the Sound insulation Performance (insertion loss) of the enclosure is determined in terms of the reduction of Sound power level or Sound pressure level. Methods are given for measurements where the enclosure surrounds the actual Sound Source (machine). Where these methods are not practicable, alternative measurements tan be performed using a reciprocity method (see definition 3.11 and subclause 7.2) or an artificial Sound Source.

This part of ISO 11546 specifies in situ methods for the determination of the Sound insulation performante (insertion loss) of machine enclosures. lt applies to a total enclosure only and not to the individual Panels from which the enclosure is made. ISO 11546 are based on International Standards in the series ISO 3740, ISO 9614 and ISO 11200 (see table 1). Depending on the method Chosen, the Sound insulation Performance (insertion loss) of the enclosure is determined in terms of the reduction of Sound power level or Sound pressure level. Methods are given for measurements where the enclosure surrounds the actual Sound Source (machine). When these methods are not practicable, alternative measurements tan be performed with an artificial Sound Source. Such methods are also described in this part of ISO 11546.

This International Standard specifies a laboratory method (clause 6) and in situ methods (clause 7) for the determination of the sound insulation performance of sound-protecting cabins. The sound insulation performance is the reduction in sound pressure level or sound power level afforded by the cabin. The methods are applicable to cabins with a small leak ratio (e s 2 %). This International Standard is applicable to a complete cabin only and not to the individual components from which it is made.

This International Standard - gives information on the declaration of noise emission values, - describes acoustical and product information to be presented in technical documents for the purposes of noise emission declaration, and - specifies a method for verifying the noise emission declaration. It is applicable to machinery and equipment. The values to be used for the purposes of noise emission declaration are either declared singlenumber noise emission values, L,, or declared dualnumber noise emission values, L and K. L is a noise emission value determined directly from measurements and K is the uncertainty associated with those measurements. Ld is the sum of L and K and represents an upper limit which values from repeated measurements are unlikely to exceed at a given confidence level; Ld corresponds to the stated or labelled value, Lc, defined in IS0 7574-l. The two forms of noise declaration are alternative means of representing any or all of the A-weighted sound power level, &*, the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at specified positions, LpA, and the C-weighted peak emission sound pressure level at specified positions, Lpc peak. The choice as to which of the two forms is used'in a particular case depends upon the requirements to be fulfilled. This selection is made, and guidance on the values of K is given, in the appropriate noise test code. Guidelines for determining declared noise emission values are given in annex A.

This standard specifies methods for determining the emission sound pressure levels at the work station and at other specified positions in the vicinity of machinery and equipment from the sound power level. In general, these sound pressure levels are different from those that would be observed when the machinery or equipment is operating in its normal surroundings where the environment may influence the emission sound pressure level. This standard prescribes two methods for determining the emission sound pressure levels of machinery and equipment, at work stations and at other specified positions nearby, by calculation from the sound power level. The principal purpose of this determination is to permit comparison of the performance of different units of a given family of machinery or equipment, under defined environmental conditions and standardized mounting and operating conditions. This Standard is in principle applicable to moving or stationary machines, for indoor or outdoor use, particularly those machines which are mass-produced. The methods given in this Standard are not applicable to highly directional sound sources used outdoors.

This International Standard specifies the technical requirements of a noise test code for a specific family of machinery or equipment. It is primarily applicable to stationary machinery and equipment, including hand-held tools, as well as those that present hazards due to mobility or load lifting. The purpose of a noise test code is to permit comparable test results to be obtained on the noise emissions of machines from the same family, thus enabling users to make comparisons and to check the declared noise emission data. The quantities described in a noise test code are also useful for noise specifications in private contracts, for planning and for noise reduction purposes. Specific test codes for various types of machinery and with the requirements of basic International Standards. Standardized noise test codes give detailed requirements on mounting, loading and operating conditions for the particular family to which the machinery under test belongs, as well as the location of a work station(s) and other specified positions (if any).

This part of IS0 9614 specifies a method for measuring the component of sound intensity normal to a measurement surface which is chosen so as to enclose the noise source(s) of which the sound power level is to be determined. The one-octave, one-thirdoctave or band-limited weighted sound power level is calculated from the measured values. The method is applicable to any source for which a physically stationary measurement surface can be defined, and on which the noise generated by the source is stationary in time (as defined in 3.13). The source is defined by the choice of measurement surface. The method is applicable in situ, or in special purpose test environments.

Specifies requirements for handle starting equipment used on reciprocating internal combustion engines for land, rail and marine use, excluding engines used to propel road vehicles and aircraft. It may be applied to engines used to propel road construction, earth moving machines and for other applications where no suitable International Standard exists. In addition to the technical safety requirements, this part of ISO 11102 describes procedures for checking adherence to these requirements.

Specifies requirements for handle starting equipment used on reciprocating internal combustion engines for land, rail and marine use, excluding engines used to propel road vehicles and aircraft. It may be applied to engines used to propel road construction, earth moving machines and for other applications where no suitable International Standard exists. In addition to the technical safety requirements, this part of ISO 11102 describes procedures for checking adherence to these requirements.

Specifies the technical requirements of a noise test code for a specific family of machinery and equipment. It is primarily applicable to stationary machinery, including hand-held tools. The purpose of the noise test code is to permit comparable test results to be obtained on the noise emissions of machines from the same family.

Specifies laboratory methods for the determination of the sound insulation performance of small machine enclosures. Does apply to a total enclosure only.