85 - PAPER TECHNOLOGY

This document describes a test method for conservation materials which can evaluate their impact on cellulose as the main constituent of paper-based collections caused by emission of their volatile compounds.
NOTE This test can be extended to museum artefacts.
This document is applicable to papers and boards used for conservation and storage of cellulose based items.  
It is not applicable to parchment-based items.
It does not evaluate the effects due to direct contact between the papers and ...view more

This document specifies the method for optical assessment of the contact angle between water and the surface of paper and board, where the process of droplet formation, application to planar substrates, or measurement of the droplet shape in contact with the solid is performed by automated equipment. The limits of measurement are determined by the capabilities of the instrumentation used. The instrumental capabilities defined by this document use a digital image capturing system operating at a m...view more

This method describes the determination of the carbohydrate composition in wood pulp samples. This method makes it possible to determine concentrations of individual anhydrous monosaccharides down to 1 mg/g oven-dry pulp.

The method is applicable to unbleached, bleached and semi-bleached wood pulp with a lignin content above 1 %. It is not generally intended for fully bleached chemical pulp, because the lignin content in these pulps is too low to be determined accurately.

This document provides guidance for representatives of the paper value chain for the design of printed paper products, with a view to deinkability contributing to recyclability in support of the circular economy. It describes relevant deinking processes, and the deinking performance of printed paper products produced with different printing, finishing and converting technologies in those deinking processes. It provides a list of relevant quality characteristics of industrial deinked pulps and a ...view more

This document specifies the procedure for the determination of acid-soluble magnesium, calcium, manganese, iron, copper, sodium and potassium by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP/ES). The acid-soluble element comprises the acid-soluble part of the incineration residue, i.e. that part of the ignition residue obtained after incineration which is soluble in hydrochloric acid or nitric acid. In cases where the residue is completely solub...view more

This document specifies a method for determining titanium dioxide content in all kinds of paper and board, in particular coated or filled products. It comprises two procedures for the final determination of titanium, one of them relying on spectrophotometry and the other on flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The limits of the determination depend on the amount of sample taken (8.1).
NOTE The method is designed for the determination of titanium dioxide. Titanium present in other forms, f...view more

This document specifies a method for the determination of the pH-value defined by the electrolytes extractable by hot water from a sample of paper, board or pulp.
This document is applicable to all kinds of paper, board and pulp.
As the quantity of extractable ionic material approaches zero, as in the case of highly purified pulps, the precision of the method becomes poor because of the difficulties encountered in making pH measurements on water containing little electrolytic material.
Since ...view more

This document describes the determination of the residue (ash content) on ignition of paper, board, pulps and cellulose nanomaterials. This document is applicable to all types of paper, board, pulp and cellulose nanomaterial. This document provides measurement procedures to obtain a measurement precision of 0,01 % or better for residue (ash content) on ignition at 900 °C.
In the context of this document, the term "cellulose nanomaterial" refers specifically to cellulose nano-object (see 3.2 to ...view more

This document specifies a method for the determination of the pH-value defined by the electrolytes extractable by cold water from a sample of paper, board or pulp.
This document is applicable to all types of paper, board and pulp.
As the quantity of extractable ionic material approaches zero, as in the case of highly purified pulps, the precision of the method becomes poor because of the difficulties encountered in making pH measurements on water containing little electrolytic material.  
Sinc...view more

This document specifies three test methods for determining the bending stiffness of paper and paperboard. The test methods differ in the type of loading mode, thus giving rise to the two-point, three-point and four-point bending test methods.
For paper and paperboard in a low thickness range, the two-point bending method and the three-point bending method are suitable.
For corrugated fibreboard and board with a higher thickness, the four-point bending method is recommended.
The measurement co...view more

This document specifies a method for the determination of water-soluble sulfates in all types of pulp, paper and board. The lower limit of the determination is 20 mg of sulfate ion per kilogram of dry sample.

This Technical Report specifies an analytical test method for the determination of bisphenol A in solvent extracts of paper and board materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs using a high performance liquid chromatograph coupled to a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD).
This method can be applied to determine Bisphenol A (see table 1) in concentrations ranging from 0,025 mg/l to 2 mg/l in the solvent extracts, corresponding to 0,05 mg/kg to 4 mg/kg paper and board. The ...view more

This document describes a test method for conservation materials which can evaluate their impact on cellulose as the main constituent of paper-based collections caused by emission of their volatile compounds. NOTE This test can be extended to museum artefacts. This document is applicable to papers and boards used for conservation and storage of cellulose based items. It is not applicable to parchment-based items. It does not evaluate the effects due to direct contact between the papers and board...view more

This document specifies a method for the determination of the edgewise crush resistance of corrugated fibreboard. The force is applied in the direction of the flute axis. This method is applicable to single-wall (double-faced), double-wall, and triple-wall corrugated fibreboard. It may also be used to test samples taken from corrugated cases and other converted products. While the method is applicable to waxed corrugated fibreboard, care must be taken that the heat used in the waxing step does n...view more

ISO 2493-2 specifies procedures to measure the bending resistance of paper and paperboard using a Taber-type tester.This document is used to determine the bending moment required to deflect the free end of a 38 mm wide vertically clamped specimen by 15° when the load is applied at a bending length of 50 mm. For boards that tend to be permanently deformed if bent through 15°, the half bending angle, i.e. 7,5°, can be used. The bending resistance is expressed in terms of the bending moment and par...view more

This document specifies the Oken method for determining the smoothness of paper and board using an apparatus which complies with the Oken method, as defined in this part of ISO 8791. It is applicable to all printing papers and boards.

This document defines a method for measuring the decolouration capability of commercial products, produced using paper and board dyed in mass and/or printed with dye inks. This document does not apply to paper printed with pigment inks.

EN-ISO 536 specifies a method for determining the grammage of paper and board.

This document specifies a method for the determination of the pH-value defined by the electrolytes extractable by hot water from a sample of paper, board or pulp. This document is applicable to all kinds of paper, board and pulp. As the quantity of extractable ionic material approaches zero, as in the case of highly purified pulps, the precision of the method becomes poor because of the difficulties encountered in making pH measurements on water containing little electrolytic material. Since the...view more

This document specifies a method for the determination of the pH-value defined by the electrolytes extractable by cold water from a sample of paper, board or pulp. This document is applicable to all types of paper, board and pulp. As the quantity of extractable ionic material approaches zero, as in the case of highly purified pulps, the precision of the method becomes poor because of the difficulties encountered in making pH measurements on water containing little electrolytic material. Since th...view more

This document specifies procedures to measure the bending resistance of paper and paperboard using a Taber-type tester. This document is used to determine the bending moment required to deflect the free end of a 38 mm wide vertically clamped specimen by 15° when the load is applied at a bending length of 50 mm. For boards that tend to be permanently deformed if bent through 15°, the half bending angle, i.e. 7,5°, can be used. The bending resistance is expressed in terms of the bending moment and...view more

This document specifies a method for determining the grammage of paper and board.

This document specifies a basic laboratory test method for deinkability, applicable to any kind of printed paper product, under alkaline conditions by means of single stage flotation deinking and fatty acid-based collector chemistry.

This document specifies a method for determining the grammage of paper and board.

This document specifies the procedure for the determination of acid-soluble magnesium, calcium, manganese, iron, copper, sodium and potassium by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) or by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP/ES). The acid-soluble element comprises the acid-soluble part of the incineration residue, i.e. that part of the ignition residue obtained after incineration which is soluble in hydrochloric acid or nitric acid. In cases where the residue is completely solub...view more

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the resistance to mechanical penetration
(ball burst strength procedure) of tissue paper and tissue products after wetting.

This document establishes general principles for the use of terms in the entire working field of tissue
paper and tissue products.
It permits the use of a common terminology in industry and commerce.
It is expressly stated that ISO 15755 applies for the detection of impurities and contraries in tissue
paper and tissue products.
For the determination of moisture content in tissue paper and tissue products, ISO 287 applies.

This document describes the determination of the residue (ash content) on ignition of paper, board, pulps and cellulose nanomaterials at 525 °C. It is applicable to all types of paper, board, pulp and cellulose nanomaterial samples. This document provides measurement procedures to obtain a measurement precision of 0,01 % or better for residue (ash content) on ignition at 525 °C. Determination of residue (ash content) on ignition at 900 °C of paper, board, pulps and cellulose nanomaterials is des...view more

This European Standard specifies a method of obtaining a representative sample from a lot (considered to be any significant shipment – see Clause 3) of PfR for testing to determine whether or not its composition and/or quality complies with the requirements of EN 643 and or other specifications.
It defines the sampling procedures which apply when sampling is carried out to resolve compliance issues and commercial disputes between buyer and seller relating to a lot of paper for recycling, at any...view more

This document describes the determination of the residue (ash content) on ignition of paper, board, pulps and cellulose nanomaterials. This document is applicable to all types of paper, board, pulp and cellulose nanomaterial. This document provides measurement procedures to obtain a measurement precision of 0,01 % or better for residue (ash content) on ignition at 900 °C. In the context of this document, the term "cellulose nanomaterial" refers specifically to cellulose nano-object (see 3.2 to 3...view more

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the resistance to mechanical penetration (ball burst strength procedure) of tissue paper and tissue products after wetting.

This document establishes general principles for the use of terms in the entire working field of tissue paper and tissue products.
It permits the use of a common terminology in industry and commerce.
It is expressly stated that ISO 15755 applies for the detection of impurities and contraries in tissue paper and tissue products.
For the determination of moisture content in tissue paper and tissue products, ISO 287 applies.

This document specifies a test method for the determination of the resistance to mechanical penetration (ball burst strength procedure) of tissue paper and tissue products after wetting.

This document specifies a method of obtaining representative samples from a lot of paper and board for recycling for testing to determine whether or not its composition and quality complies with the requirements of EN 643 and/or other specifications.
This document also specifies the positioning of probes, when in situ measurements are performed.
It defines the sampling procedures which apply when sampling is carried out to resolve compliance issues and commercial disputes between buyer and sel...view more

This document specifies three test methods for determining the bending stiffness of paper and paperboard. The test methods differ in the type of loading mode, thus giving rise to the two-point, three-point and four-point bending test methods. For paper and paperboard in a low thickness range, the two-point bending method and the three-point bending method are suitable. For corrugated fibreboard and board with a higher thickness, the four-point bending method is recommended. The measurement condi...view more

This document specifies a method for determining titanium dioxide content in all kinds of paper and board, in particular coated or filled products. It comprises two procedures for the final determination of titanium, one of them relying on spectrophotometry and the other on flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The limits of the determination depend on the amount of sample taken (8.1). NOTE The method is designed for the determination of titanium dioxide. Titanium present in other forms, fo...view more

This document establishes general principles for the use of terms in the entire working field of tissue paper and tissue products. It permits the use of a common terminology in industry and commerce. It is expressly stated that ISO 15755 applies for the detection of impurities and contraries in tissue paper and tissue products. For the determination of moisture content in tissue paper and tissue products, ISO 287 applies.

This document describes a method for the determination of the flat crush resistance of a corrugating
medium after laboratory fluting using a B-flute geometry.
The procedure is applicable to any corrugating medium intended to be used, after fluting, in the
manufacture of corrugated board.
NOTE ISO 7263-1 describes a method to determine the flat crush resistance using an A-flute geometry.

This European standard describes two representative methods for the determination of the extractable amount of specific
primary aromatic amines (PAA) in a water extract of paper, board and pulp samples by means of HPLC with MS/MS
detection which basically differ concerning the choice of the mobile and stationary phases. Deviating from this standard
further methods may be applicable if it can be shown that comparable results can be achieved. A validation must be carried
out by each laboratory.
It...view more

This part of ISO 11093 specifies a method for the determination of the maximum flat crush resistance of wound paper and board cores. NOTE If the wall thickness of the core is less than 5 mm, the breaking point is not detectable.

This document describes two representative methods for the determination of the extractable amount of specific primary aromatic amines (PAA) in a water extract of paper, board and pulp samples by means of HPLC with MS/MS detection which basically differ concerning the choice of the mobile and stationary phases. Deviating from this standard further methods may be applicable if it can be shown that comparable results can be achieved. A validation should be carried out by each laboratory.
It is ap...view more

This document describes a method for the determination of the flat crush resistance of a corrugating
medium after laboratory fluting using an A-flute geometry.
The procedure is applicable to any corrugating medium intended to be used, after fluting, in the
manufacture of corrugated board.
NOTE ISO 7263-2 describes a method to determine the flat crush resistance using a B-flute geometry.

This document describes a method for the determination of the flat crush resistance of a corrugating medium after laboratory fluting using an A-flute geometry.
The procedure is applicable to any corrugating medium intended to be used, after fluting, in the manufacture of corrugated board.
NOTE ISO 7263-2 describes a method to determine the flat crush resistance using a B-flute geometry.

This document presents guidelines for a methodology for the estimation of the uncertainty of methods for testing pulps, paper, board, cellulosic nanomaterials, and lignins, as well as products thereof containing any portion of recycled material or material intended for recycling.

This document describes a method for the determination of the flat crush resistance of a corrugating medium after laboratory fluting using a B-flute geometry.
The procedure is applicable to any corrugating medium intended to be used, after fluting, in the manufacture of corrugated board.
NOTE ISO 7263-1 describes a method to determine the flat crush resistance using an A-flute geometry.

This document specifies procedures for the laboratory determination of the total elemental sulfur and the sulfate half-ester content of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy and conductometric titration, respectively, including sample preparation, measurement methods and data analysis. This document is applicable to the characterization of CNCs: a) with all monovalent counterions (particularly hydronium and sodium cations); b) which are either ...view more

This document describes a method for the determination of the flat crush resistance of a corrugating medium after laboratory fluting using an A-flute geometry. The procedure is applicable to any corrugating medium intended to be used, after fluting, in the manufacture of corrugated board. NOTE ISO 7263-2 describes a method to determine the flat crush resistance using a B-flute geometry.

This document describes a method for the determination of the flat crush resistance of a corrugating medium after laboratory fluting using a B-flute geometry. The procedure is applicable to any corrugating medium intended to be used, after fluting, in the manufacture of corrugated board. NOTE ISO 7263-1 describes a method to determine the flat crush resistance using an A-flute geometry.

This document describes procedures for the testing of dyed paper and board intended to come into contact with
foodstuffs. Some procedures depending on the foreseeable use of the material are given.
Visual evaluation against a grey scale provides grading of the bleeding.
NOTE: For samples having significant different sides, a migration can occur from one glass fibre to the other and
could lead to wrong interpretation of the fastness of one side. These samples should be checked using large
sampl...view more