Textiles — Quantitative chemical analysis — Part 1: General principles of testing

This document specifies a common method for the quantitative chemical analysis of various mixtures of fibres. This method and the methods described in the other parts of ISO 1833 are applicable, in general, to fibres in any textile form. Where certain textile forms are excepted, these are listed in the scope of the appropriate part.

Textiles — Analyse chimique quantitative — Partie 1: Principes généraux des essais

Le présent document spécifie une méthode commune pour l'analyse chimique quantitative de divers mélanges de fibres. La présente méthode et les méthodes spécifiées dans les autres parties de l'ISO 1833 sont en général applicables aux fibres contenues dans tous types de textiles. Lorsque certains types de textiles sont exclus, ils sont énumérés dans le domaine d'application de la partie appropriée.

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Published
Publication Date
04-Jun-2020
Current Stage
6060 - International Standard published
Start Date
05-Jun-2020
Due Date
24-Oct-2020
Completion Date
05-Jun-2020
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 1833-1
Second edition
2020-06
Textiles — Quantitative chemical
analysis —
Part 1:
General principles of testing
Textiles — Analyse chimique quantitative —
Partie 1: Principes généraux des essais
Reference number
ISO 1833-1:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Reagents . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
7 Conditioning and testing atmosphere . 2
8 Sampling and pre-treatment of laboratory test sample . 2
8.1 Sampling . 2
8.2 Pre-treatment of laboratory test sample . 2
9 Procedure. 3
9.1 General instructions . 3
9.1.1 Handling . 3
9.1.2 Drying . 3
9.1.3 Drying of test specimens . 3
9.1.4 Drying of crucible and residue . 3
9.1.5 Cooling . 3
9.1.6 Weighing . 3
9.2 Testing execution . 3
10 Calculation and expression of results . 4
11 Precision of the methods . 5
12 Test report . 5
Annex A (normative) Methods for the removal of non-fibrous matter. 7
Annex B (normative) Method of quantitative analysis by manual separation .15
Bibliography .18
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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, in collaboration with the
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 248, Textile and textile
products, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna
Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 1833-1:2006), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 1833-1:2006/Cor 1:2009.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Introduction, A.2 and bibliography: a reference to ISO/TR 11827 regarding the fibre identification
has been added;
— Clause 2: normative references have been added;
— Clause 4: references to ISO 2076 and ISO 6938 have been added for the use of the generic names in
the ISO 1833 series;
— Clause 5: warning sentences and reference to grade 3 water have been introduced;
— Clause 6: stoppered weighing bottles have been added;
— 8.2: all pretreatments have been described in Annex A (including pretreatment with light petroleum)
a requirement for reporting if any pretreatment is carried out [see Clause 12, e)] has been introduced;
— 9.1.1: instructions for handling have been added;
— 9.1.2: instructions for short drying period have been added;
— 9.1.6 (former 9.1.5): a note has been removed;
— 9.2: a requirement regarding the number of test specimens has been added;
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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

— Clause 10: deletion of former 10.3 (consideration of only percentage additions for moisture, case
included in the new 10.3 covering percentage additions for moisture and non-fibrous matter, and/
or percentage losses of fibrous matter by pre-treatment);
— 10.3: additional instructions in case of calculated percentage greater than 100 % have been given;
— Annexes A and B have been changed to normative;
— Table A.1 and concerned subclauses: additional cases regarding elastane (see A.5.1.2), elastolefin
(see A.5.1.3), bast fibres (see A.5.25) have been introduced;
— B.8.1 and B.8.2: a requirement regarding the number of test specimens has been added.
A list of all parts in the ISO 1833 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

Introduction
Methods for the quantitative analysis of fibre mixtures are based on two main processes, the manual
separation and the chemical separation of fibres.
It is preferable to use the method of manual separation, which is given in Annex B, whenever possible
since it generally gives more accurate results than the chemical method. It can be used for all textiles
whose component fibres do not form an intimate mixture, for example in the case of yarns composed of
several elements each of which is made up of only one type of fibre, or woven fabrics in which the fibre
of the warp is of a different kind to that of the weft, or knitted fabrics capable of being unravelled made
up of yarns of different types.
In general, the methods described in the different parts of ISO 1833 are based on the selective
dissolution of an individual component. After the removal of a component, the insoluble residue is
weighed, and the proportion of soluble component is calculated from the loss in mass. This document
gives the information which is common to the analyses, by this method, of all fibre mixtures, whatever
their composition. This information is intended to be used in conjunction with the other parts of
ISO 1833; these parts contain the detailed procedures applicable to particular fibre mixtures. Where,
occasionally, an analysis is based on a principle other than selective dissolution, full details are given in
the appropriate part.
Mixtures of fibres obtained during processing and, to a lesser extent, in finished textiles can contain
non-fibrous matter, such as fats, waxes or dressings, or water-soluble matter, either occurring naturally
or added to facilitate processing. Non-fibrous matters are removed before analysis.
A method of pre-treatment for removing oils, fats, waxes and water-soluble matter is given in Annex A.
Dye in dyed fibres is considered to be an integral part of the fibre and is not removed.
In addition, textiles can contain resins or other matter added to bond the fibres together or to confer
special properties, such as water-repellence or crease-resistance. Such matter, including dyestuffs in
exceptional cases, can interfere with the action of the reagent on the soluble component and/or it can
be partially or completely removed by the reagent. This type of added matter can also cause errors and
are removed before the sample is analysed. If it is impossible to remove such added matter, the methods
of analysis are no longer applicable.
Most textile fibres contain water, the amount depending on the type of fibre and on the relative
humidity of the surrounding air. Analyses are conducted on the basis of dry mass, and a procedure for
determining the dry mass of test specimens and residues is given in this document.
The result is therefore obtained on the basis of clean, dry fibres.
Provision is made for recalculating the result on the basis of
a) agreed moisture regain
NOTE The agreed moisture regain of each fibre is specified in some regional legislation or after
agreement between interested parties.
b) agreed moisture regain and also for
1) fibrous matter removed in the pre-treatment, and
2) non-fibrous matter (for example, fibre dressing, processing oil, or size) that can be properly
regarded as part of the fibre as an article of commerce.
In some methods, the insoluble component of a mixture can be partially dissolved in the reagent used
to dissolve the soluble component. Where possible, the reagents that have been chosen are those that
have little or no effect on the insoluble fibres. If loss in mass is known to occur during the analysis, the
result is corrected; correction factors for this purpose are given. These correction factors have been
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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

determined in several laboratories by treating, in the appropriate reagent as specified in the method of
analysis, fibres cleaned by the pre-treatment.
These correction factors apply only to undegraded fibres, and different correction factors might be
necessary if the fibres have been degraded during processing.
The procedures given apply to single determinations; at least two determinations on separate test
specimens are made, both in the case of manual separation and in the case of chemical separation, but
more may be carried out if desired.
Before proceeding with any quantitative analysis, it is assumed that all the fibres present in the mixture
have been identified. For this purpose, ISO/TR 11827 may be used.
For confirmation, unless it is technically impossible, it is recommended that use be made of alternative
procedures whereby the component that would be the residue in the standard method is dissolved
out first.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1833-1:2020(E)
Textiles — Quantitative chemical analysis —
Part 1:
General principles of testing
1 Scope
This document specifies a common method for the quantitative chemical analysis of various mixtures
of fibres. This method and the methods described in the other parts of ISO 1833 are applicable, in
general, to fibres in any textile form. Where certain textile forms are excepted, these are listed in the
scope of the appropriate part.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 105-C10, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part C10: Colour fastness to washing with soap or soap
and soda
ISO 2076, Textiles — Man-made fibres — Generic names
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 5089, Textiles — Preparation of laboratory test samples and test specimens for chemical testing
ISO 6938, Textiles — Natural fibres — Generic names and definitions
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5089 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
non-fibrous matter
processing aids such as lubricants and sizes or naturally occurring non-fibrous substances
4 Principle
After the identification of the components of a mixture, the non-fibrous matter is removed by suitable
pre-treatment and then one of the components is determined usually by selective dissolution or manual
separation (see Annex B). The insoluble residue is dried and weighed, and the proportion of soluble
component calculated from the loss in mass. It is usually preferable to dissolve the fibre present in the
greater proportion, thus obtaining the fibre present in the smaller proportion as residue.
The fibre names in the ISO 1833 series are in accordance with the generic names listed in ISO 6938 for
the natural fibres and ISO 2076 for the man-made fibres.
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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

5 Reagents
Use only reagents of analytical grade. Reagents are listed in Table A.1.
WARNING — The ISO 1833 series may call for the use of substances/procedures that may be
injurious to the health/environment if appropriate conditions are not observed. It refers only to
technical suitability and does not absolve the user from legal obligations relating to health and
safety/environment at any stage.
5.1 Water, grade 3 (according to ISO 3696).
6 Apparatus
6.1 Glass filter crucible, capacity 30 ml to 40 ml, with sealed-in sintered disk filter with pore size of
90 µm to 150 µm.
In place of a glass filter crucible, any other apparatus giving identical results may be used.
6.2 Stoppered weighing bottles, large enough to contain such crucibles.
6.3 Vacuum flask.
6.4 Desiccator, containing self-indicating silica gel.
6.5 Ventilated oven, for drying test specimens at (105 ± 3) °C.
6.6 Analytical balance, with a resolution of 0,000 2 g or better.
6.7 Soxhlet extraction apparatus, or any other apparatus giving identical results.
NOTE Soxhlet size of a volume, in millilitres, equal to 20 times the mass, in grams, of the laboratory test
sample has been found convenient.
7 Conditioning and testing atmosphere
Because dry masses are determined, it is unnecessary to condition the test specimen. The analysis is
carried out under ordinary room conditions.
8 Sampling and pre-treatment of laboratory test sample
8.1 Sampling
Take a laboratory test sample, as described in ISO 5089, that is representative of the laboratory bulk
sample and sufficient to provide all the test specimens, each of at least 1 g, that are required. Fabrics
may contain yarns of different composition and account should be taken of this fact in the sampling of
the fabric. Treat the laboratory test sample as described in 8.2.
8.2 Pre-treatment of laboratory test sample
Laboratory test sample shall be pretreated by a suitable method (as described in Annex A) which does
not affect any of the fibre components.
NOTE 1 The purpose of the pretreatment is to remove non-fibrous matter, which is not to be taken into account
in the percentage calculations.
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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

If the pretreatment is not applied, it shall be reported with the reasons of this deviation of the given
procedure.
NOTE 2 The non-application of certain pretreatments is known to have a negligible effect on the results.
9 Procedure
9.1 General instructions
9.1.1 Handling
Avoid handling crucibles and weighing bottles, test specimens or residues with bare hands during the
drying, cooling and weighing operations.
9.1.2 Drying
Conduct all drying operations for not less than 4 h and not more than 16 h at (105 ± 3) °C in a ventilated
oven with the oven door closed throughout.
If the drying period is less than 14 h, the test specimen or the residue shall be weighed to check that its
mass has become constant.
The mass may be considered to have become constant if, after a further drying period of 60 min, its
variation is less than 0,05 %.
9.1.3 Drying of test specimens
Dry the test specimen in a weighing bottle with its stopper beside it. After drying, close the weighing
bottle with its stopper before removing it from the oven, and transfer it quickly to a desiccator.
9.1.4 Drying of crucible and residue
Dry the filter crucible with the residue in a weighing bottle with its stopper beside it in the oven. After
drying, close the weighing bottle with its stopper before removing it from the oven and transfer it
quickly to the desiccator.
Where apparatus other than a filter crucible is used, drying operations in the oven shall be conducted
in such a way as to enable the dry mass of the fibres to be determined without loss.
9.1.5 Cooling
Conduct all cooling operations in the desiccator, the latter placed beside the balance, until complete
cooling of the weighing bottles is attained, and in any case for not less than 2 h.
9.1.6 Weighing
After cooling, complete the weighing of the test specimen in a weighing bottle or crucible with the
residue in a weighing bottle within 2 min of its removal from the desiccator.
Weigh to the nearest 0,000 2 g.
9.2 Testing execution
From the pre-treated laboratory test sample, take a test specimen weighing about 1 g. Cut the yarn or
dissected fabric into lengths of about 10 mm. Dry the test specimen in a weighing bottle, cool it in the
desiccator and weigh it (see 9.1).
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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

Transfer the test specimen to the glass vessel specified in the appropriate part of ISO 1833, reweigh
the weighing bottle with its stopper immediately, and obtain the dry mass of the test specimen by the
difference.
Complete the test procedure as specified in the appropriate part of ISO 1833 and examine the residue
microscopically (or otherwise, as appropriate) to check that the treatment has in fact completely
removed the soluble fibre.
The analysis of at least two test specimens shall be made.
10 Calculation and expression of results
10.1 General
Express the mass of the insoluble component as a percentage of the total mass of fibre in the mixture.
The percentage of soluble component is obtained by difference.
Calculate the results on the basis of clean dry mass using Formula (1), adjusted by the agreed moisture
regain and the correction factors necessary to take account of loss of matter during pre-treatment and
analysis by using Formula (2).
NOTE The agreed moisture regain of each fibre is specified in some regional legislation or after agreement
between interested parties.
10.2 Calculation of mass percentage of insoluble component on clean dry mass basis.
100××md
1
P= (1)
m
0
where
P is the mass percentage of clean dry insoluble component;
m is the dry mass of the test specimen, expressed in g;
0
m is the dry mass of the residue, expressed in g;
1
d is the correction factor of variation in mass of insoluble component in the reagent.
Suitable values of d are given in the different parts of ISO 1833.
10.3 Calculation of mass percentage of insoluble component on clean, dry mass basis (see 10.2), with
percentage additions for moisture and non-fibrous matter, and/or percentage losses of fibrous matter by
pre-treatment.
100×+Pa10,01×+b
[]()
22
P = (2)
1A
Pa×+10,,01×+bP+−100 ×+10 01 aab+
[]() () []()
22 11
where
P is the mass percentage of clean insoluble component with percentage additions for moisture
1A
and non-fibrous matter;
P is the mass percentage of clean dry insoluble component [as calculated in Formula (1)];
a is the mass percentage addition to the soluble component for moisture;
1
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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

a is the mass percentage addition to the insoluble component for moisture;
2
b is the mass percentage variation of soluble fibrous matter caused by the pre-treatment, and/
1
or the percentage addition to the soluble component for non-fibrous matter;
b is the mass percentage variation of insoluble fibrous matter caused by the pre-treatment,
2
and/or the percentage addition to the insoluble component for non-fibrous matter.
Calculate the mass percentage of the second component using the Formula (3).
PP=−100 (3)
21AA
If the calculated value of P is greater than 100 % (leading to a negative percentage of P ), the
1A 2A
correction factor d used in Formula (1) should be reconsidered due to a potential over estimation. The
change of the correction factor d shall be reported. If technically possible, the mass percentage of the
components shall be confirmed based on an alternative method (e.g. chemical analysis using another
solvent, manual separation, microscopical analysis).
Where a special pre-treatment has been used, the values of b and b should be determined, if possible,
1 2
by submitting each of the pure fibre components to pre-treatment applied in the analysis. Pure fibres
are those free from all non-fibrous matter except that which they normally contain (either naturally or
because of the manufacturing process), in the state (unbleached, bleached) in which they are found in
the material to be analysed.
Where no pre-treated separate fibre components used in the manufacture of the material to be analysed
are available, average values of b and b as obtained from tests performed on clean fibres similar to
1 2
those in the mixture under examination, could be used.
11 Precision of the methods
The precision indicated in individual parts of ISO 1833 relates to the reproducibility. The reproducibility
refers to the reliability, i.e. the closeness of agreement between experimental values obtained by
operators in different laboratories or at different times, using the same method on test specimens of an
identical, consistent mixture.
The reproducibility is expressed by confidence limits of the results for a confidence level of 95 %, i.e. the
difference between two results in a series of analyses made in different laboratories would be exceeded
only in five cases out of 100, when the standard method is applied to an identical consistent mixture.
12 Test report
The test report of any part shall specify the following:
a) a reference to the relevant part of ISO 1833;
b) whether the result relates to the overall composition of the material or to an individual component
of the assembly;
c) identification (e.g. description) of the laboratory test sample;
d) qualitative fibre identification of the test specimens;
e) method(s) of pre-treatment used;
f) details of any special treatment for the removal of size or finish given in addition to the specified
pre-treatment;
g) the individual results and the arithmetic mean, each to the nearest 0,1 %;
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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

h) any deviation from the given procedure, especially if pretreatment is not applied (see 8.2)
i) any unusual features observed;
j) the date of the test.
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ISO 1833-1:2020(E)

Annex A
(normative)

Methods for the removal of non-fibrous matter
A.1 General
The removal of certain types of non-fibrous matter, particularly when more than one substance is
present, may demand the exercise of considerable chemical resource, and each material to be treated
for removal of its non-fibrous matter should be regarded as an individual problem. The procedures
described in this annex do not pretend to be complete, and it should not be assumed that those described
in this annex will have no effect on the physical and chemical properties of the textile materials
concerned. Furthermore, these procedures are only applicable where the non-fibrous matter is known
or can be identified with certainty.
For the purposes of this annex, dyes are not considered as non-fibrous matter but as an integral part of
the textile, and are not, therefore, mentioned. Some prints are made with resin bonded pigments which
cannot be regarded as part of the fibre substance. They involve a greater addition of mass to the fibre
than dyes and it would be desirable to remove them, but it is rarely if ever possible to do so. Similarly,
certain finishes cannot be remove
...

NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 1833-1
Deuxième édition
2020-06
Textiles — Analyse chimique
quantitative —
Partie 1:
Principes généraux des essais
Textiles — Quantitative chemical analysis —
Part 1: General principles of testing
Numéro de référence
ISO 1833-1:2020(F)
©
ISO 2020

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ISO 1833-1:2020(F)

DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2020
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Genève
Tél.: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Web: www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés

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ISO 1833-1:2020(F)

Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .iv
Introduction .vi
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 1
4 Principe . 2
5 Réactifs . 2
6 Appareillage . 2
7 Conditionnement et atmosphère d’essai . 2
8 Échantillonnage et prétraitement de l’échantillon réduit . 3
8.1 Échantillonnage . 3
8.2 Prétraitement de l’échantillon réduit . 3
9 Mode opératoire. 3
9.1 Instructions générales . 3
9.1.1 Manipulation . 3
9.1.2 Séchage . 3
9.1.3 Séchage des prises d’essai . 3
9.1.4 Séchage du creuset et du résidu . 3
9.1.5 Refroidissement . 4
9.1.6 Pesée . 4
9.2 Réalisation des essais . 4
10 Calcul et expression des résultats . 4
11 Fidélité des méthodes . 5
12 Rapport d’essai . 6
Annexe A (normative) Méthodes pour l’élimination des matières non fibreuses .7
Annexe B (normative) Méthode d’analyse quantitative par séparation manuelle.16
Bibliographie .19
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ISO 1833-1:2020(F)

Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux.
L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www
.iso .org/ directives).
L’attention est attirée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l’élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l’ISO (voir www .iso .org/ brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion
de l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien suivant: www .iso .org/ iso/ fr/ avant-propos.
Le présent document a été élaboré par le Comité technique ISO/TC 38, Textiles, en collaboration avec le
Comité technique CEN/TC 248, Textiles et produits textiles, du Comité européen de normalisation (CEN)
conformément à l’Accord de coopération technique entre l’ISO et le CEN (Accord de Vienne).
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition (ISO 1833-1:2006), qui a fait l’objet d’une
révision technique. Elle intègre également le Rectificatif technique ISO 1833-1:2006/Cor 1:2009.
Les principales modifications par rapport à l’édition précédente sont les suivantes:
— Introduction, A.2 et Bibliographie: une référence à l’ISO/TR 11827 concernant l’identification des
fibres a été ajoutée;
— Article 2: des références normatives ont été ajoutées;
— Article 4: des références à l’ISO 2076 et à l’ISO 6938 ont été ajoutées pour l’utilisation des noms
génériques dans la série ISO 1833;
— Article 5: des phrases d’avertissement et une référence à l’eau de qualité 3 ont été introduites;
— Article 6: des vases à peser avec bouchon ont été ajoutés;
— 8.2: tous les prétraitements sont décrits à l’Annexe A (notamment le prétraitement à l’éther de
pétrole) et une exigence relative au rapport en cas de non-prétraitement [voir Article 12, e)] a été
introduite;
— 9.1.1: des instructions pour la manipulation ont été ajoutées;
— 9.1.2: des instructions pour la période de séchage courte ont été ajoutées;
iv © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés

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ISO 1833-1:2020(F)

— 9.1.6 (auparavant 9.1.5): une note a été supprimée;
— 9.2: une exigence relative au nombre de prises d’essai a été ajoutée;
— Article 10: suppression de l’ancien 10.3 (prise en compte des taux de reprise d’humidité uniquement,
cas inclus dans le nouveau 10.3 qui couvre les taux de reprise d’humidité et les variations de masse
pour les matières non fibreuses et/ou les variations de masse des matières fibreuses du fait du
prétraitement);
— 10.3: des instructions supplémentaires en cas de pourcentage calculé supérieur à 100 % ont été
ajoutées;
— les Annexes A et B sont désormais normatives;
— Tableau A.1 et paragraphes concernés: des cas supplémentaires concernant l’élasthanne
(voir A.5.1.2), l’élastoléfine (voir A.5.1.3), les fibres libériennes (voir A.5.25) ont été introduits;
— B.8.1 et B.8.2: une exigence relative au nombre de prises d’essai a été ajoutée.
Une liste de toutes les parties de la série ISO 1833 se trouve sur le site web de l’ISO.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes
se trouve à l’adresse www .iso .org/ fr/ members .html.
© ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés v

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ISO 1833-1:2020(F)

Introduction
Les méthodes d’analyse chimique quantitative des mélanges de fibres sont fondées sur deux principaux
procédés, la séparation manuelle et la séparation chimique des fibres.
Il est préférable d’utiliser la méthode de séparation manuelle, qui est donnée à l’Annexe B, chaque fois
que cela est possible, car elle donne généralement des résultats plus précis que la méthode chimique.
Elle peut être utilisée pour tous les textiles dans lesquels les fibres composantes ne forment pas un
mélange intime, par exemple dans le cas des fils composés de plusieurs éléments dont chacun est
constitué uniquement d’un seul type de fibre, ou d’étoffes tissées dans lesquelles la fibre qui compose la
chaîne est d’une nature différente de celle qui compose la trame, ou des étoffes tricotées pouvant être
détricotées et composées de fils de nature différente.
Les méthodes décrites dans les différentes parties de l’ISO 1833 sont généralement fondées sur la
dissolution sélective d’un composant individuel. Après l’élimination du composant, le résidu insoluble
est pesé, et la proportion du composant soluble est calculée à partir de la perte de masse. Le présent
document fournit les informations communes aux analyses, selon cette méthode, de tous les mélanges
de fibres, quelle que soit leur composition. Ces informations sont destinées à être utilisées conjointement
avec les autres parties de l’ISO 1833, qui contiennent les modes opératoires détaillés applicables aux
mélanges particuliers de fibres. Lorsque, de temps à autre, une analyse est fondée sur un principe autre
que la dissolution sélective, les détails complets sont fournis dans la partie appropriée.
Les mélanges de fibres obtenues pendant la fabrication des produits textiles et, dans une moindre
mesure, les produits ennoblis, peuvent contenir des matières non fibreuses, telles que des graisses, des
cires ou des apprêts, ou des matières solubles dans l’eau, présentes naturellement ou ayant été ajoutées
pour faciliter la fabrication. Les matières non fibreuses sont éliminées avant l’analyse.
Une méthode de prétraitement permettant d’éliminer les huiles, les graisses, les cires et les matières
solubles dans l’eau est donnée à l’Annexe A.
Le colorant présent dans les fibres teintes est considéré comme une partie intégrante de la fibre et n’est
pas éliminé.
De plus, les textiles peuvent contenir des résines ou d’autres matières ajoutées en vue de lier les fibres
les unes aux autres ou de leur conférer des propriétés spéciales, telles que le caractère hydrofuge ou
l’infroissabilité. De telles matières, y compris les colorants dans certains cas exceptionnels, peuvent
modifier l’action du réactif sur le composant soluble et/ou peuvent être partiellement ou totalement
éliminées par le réactif. Ces matières ajoutées peuvent aussi entraîner des erreurs et sont éliminées
avant d’analyser l’échantillon. Lorsqu’il est impossible de les éliminer, les méthodes d’analyse ne sont
plus applicables.
La plupart des fibres textiles contiennent de l’eau, dans une proportion qui dépend du type de fibre et
de l’humidité relative de l’air environnant. Les analyses sont menées sur la base de la masse anhydre, et
un mode opératoire pour déterminer la masse anhydre des prises d’essai et des résidus est fourni dans
le présent document.
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ISO 1833-1:2020(F)

Le résultat est donc obtenu sur la base de fibres pures déshydratées.
Des dispositions sont prévues pour recalculer le résultat sur la base:
a) des taux de reprise d’humidité conventionnels;
NOTE Le taux de reprise d’humidité conventionnel de chaque fibre est spécifié dans certaines
législations régionales ou après accord entre les parties intéressées.
b) des taux de reprise d’humidité conventionnels et des variations de masse dues;
1) aux matières fibreuses éliminées lors du prétraitement; et
2) aux matières non fibreuses (par exemple l’apprêt sur fibres, l’huile en fabrication ou l’encollage)
pouvant être considérées comme faisant partie de la fibre dans un article du commerce.
Dans certaines méthodes, il peut arriver que le composant insoluble d’un mélange soit partiellement
dissous dans le réactif utilisé pour dissoudre le composant soluble. Lorsque cela est possible, les réactifs
sont choisis en fonction de leur effet faible ou nul sur les fibres insolubles. S’il est connu qu’une perte
de masse se produit lors de l’analyse, le résultat est corrigé; des facteurs de correction sont fournis à
cette fin. Ces facteurs de correction ont été déterminés dans différents laboratoires en traitant, avec le
réactif approprié spécifié dans la méthode d’analyse, les fibres nettoyées par le prétraitement.
Ces facteurs de correction ne s’appliquent qu’à des fibres non dégradées; d’autres facteurs de correction
pourraient être nécessaires si les fibres ont été dégradées pendant le traitement.
Les modes opératoires fournis s’appliquent à des déterminations uniques; au moins deux déterminations
sur des prises d’essai différentes sont effectuées, dans le cas d’une séparation manuelle comme d’une
séparation chimique, mais il est permis d’en effectuer davantage si cela est souhaité.
Avant de procéder à quelque analyse quantitative que ce soit, il est supposé que toutes les fibres
présentes dans le mélange ont été identifiées. À cette fin, l’ISO/TR 11827 peut être utilisée.
À des fins de confirmation, sauf impossibilité technique, il est recommandé d’utiliser un autre mode
opératoire où le composant constituant le résidu du mode opératoire normal est préalablement dissous.
© ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés vii

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NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 1833-1:2020(F)
Textiles — Analyse chimique quantitative —
Partie 1:
Principes généraux des essais
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document spécifie une méthode commune pour l’analyse chimique quantitative de divers
mélanges de fibres. La présente méthode et les méthodes spécifiées dans les autres parties de l’ISO 1833
sont en général applicables aux fibres contenues dans tous types de textiles. Lorsque certains types de
textiles sont exclus, ils sont énumérés dans le domaine d’application de la partie appropriée.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu’ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique.
Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s’applique (y compris les
éventuels amendements).
ISO 105-C10, Textiles — Essais de solidité des teintures — Partie C10: Solidité des teintures au lavage au
savon ou au savon et à la soude
ISO 2076, Textiles — Fibres chimiques — Noms génériques
ISO 3696, Eau pour laboratoire à usage analytique — Spécification et méthodes d'essai
ISO 5089, Textiles — Préparation des échantillons réduits de laboratoire et des éprouvettes en vue des
essais chimiques
ISO 6938, Textiles — Fibres naturelles — Noms génériques et définitions
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions donnés dans l’ISO 5089 ainsi que les
suivants s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse https:// www .iso .org/ obp;
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse http:// www .electropedia .org/ .
3.1
matières non fibreuses
adjuvants de fabrication, tels que les lubrifiants et les produits d’encollage, ou les substances non
fibreuses présentes naturellement
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ISO 1833-1:2020(F)

4 Principe
Après avoir identifié les composants d’un mélange, les matières non fibreuses sont éliminées par un
prétraitement approprié, puis l’un des composants est déterminé, généralement par dissolution
sélective ou séparation manuelle (voir Annexe B). Le résidu insoluble est séché et pesé, et la proportion
du composant soluble est calculée à partir de la perte de masse. Il est généralement préférable de
dissoudre la fibre présente en plus grande proportion, pour obtenir ainsi comme résidu la fibre présente
en plus faible proportion.
Les noms des fibres dans la série ISO 1833 sont conformes aux noms génériques mentionnés dans
l’ISO 6938 pour les fibres naturelles et dans l’ISO 2076 pour les fibres chimiques.
5 Réactifs
Tous les réactifs utilisés doivent être de qualité analytique. Les réactifs sont indiqués dans le Tableau A.1.
AVERTISSEMENT — La série ISO 1833 nécessite l’utilisation de substances et/ou modes
opératoires qui peuvent être préjudiciables à la santé et à l’environnement si les précautions
appropriées ne sont pas prises. Elle fait uniquement référence à l’aptitude technique et ne
dispense aucunement l’utilisateur de satisfaire, à tout moment, aux obligations légales en
matière de santé, de sécurité et d’environnement.
5.1 Eau, de qualité 3 (selon l’ISO 3696).
6 Appareillage
6.1 Creuset filtrant en verre, d’une capacité de 30 ml à 40 ml, avec filtre à disque scellé, en verre
fritté, de porosité comprise entre 90 µm et 150 µm.
À la place du creuset filtrant en verre, tout autre appareillage donnant des résultats identiques peut
être utilisé.
6.2 Vases à peser avec bouchon, suffisamment larges pour contenir les creusets.
6.3 Fiole à vide.
6.4 Dessiccateur, contenant du gel de silice comme indicateur d’humidité.
6.5 Étuve ventilée, pour sécher les prises d’essai à (105 ± 3) °C.
6.6 Balance analytique, avec une résolution d’au moins 0,000 2 g.
6.7 Appareil d’extraction Soxhlet ou tout autre appareil donnant des résultats identiques.
NOTE La taille d’un Soxhlet permettant d’obtenir un volume, en millilitres, égal à 20 fois la masse, en
grammes, de l’échantillon réduit est considérée comme étant pratique.
7 Conditionnement et atmosphère d’essai
Étant donné que des masses anhydres sont déterminées, il n’est pas nécessaire de conditionner la prise
d’essai. L’analyse est effectuée dans des conditions ambiantes ordinaires.
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ISO 1833-1:2020(F)

8 Échantillonnage et prétraitement de l’échantillon réduit
8.1 Échantillonnage
Prélever un échantillon réduit, comme spécifié dans l’ISO 5089, qui soit représentatif de l’échantillon
de laboratoire et suffisant pour permettre le prélèvement de toutes les prises d’essai nécessaires, d’au
moins 1 g chacune. Les étoffes peuvent contenir des fils de composition différente et il convient d’en
tenir compte pour l’échantillonnage des étoffes. Traiter l’échantillon réduit comme indiqué en 8.2.
8.2 Prétraitement de l’échantillon réduit
L’échantillon réduit doit être prétraité à l’aide d’une méthode appropriée (tel que décrit à l’Annexe A)
qui n’affecte aucun des composants de la fibre.
NOTE 1 La finalité du prétraitement est d’éliminer les matières non fibreuses qui ne sont pas prises en compte
dans les calculs de pourcentage.
Si le prétraitement n’est pas appliqué, cela doit être consigné, en donnant les motifs de cette déviation
avec le mode opératoire donné.
NOTE 2 La non-application de certains prétraitements est réputée avoir un effet négligeable sur les résultats.
9 Mode opératoire
9.1 Instructions générales
9.1.1 Manipulation
Éviter de manipuler les creusets et les vases à peser, les prises d’essai ou les résidus avec les mains nues
pendant les opérations de séchage, de refroidissement et de pesée.
9.1.2 Séchage
Effectuer toutes les opérations de séchage pendant au moins 4 h et pas plus de 16 h à (105 ± 3) °C dans
une étuve ventilée dont la porte reste fermée pendant toute la durée du processus.
Si la période de séchage est inférieure à 14 h, la prise d’essai ou le résidu doit être pesé(e) pour vérifier
que sa masse est constante.
La masse peut être considérée comme constante si, après une période de séchage supplémentaire de
60 min, sa variation est inférieure à 0,05 %.
9.1.3 Séchage des prises d’essai
Sécher la prise d’essai dans un vase à peser, le bouchon étant posé à côté du vase à peser. Après
le séchage, boucher le vase à peser avant de le retirer de l’étuve et le transférer rapidement dans le
dessiccateur.
9.1.4 Séchage du creuset et du résidu
Sécher le creuset filtrant avec le résidu dans un vase à peser, son bouchon étant placé à côté de lui
dans l’étuve. Après le séchage, boucher le vase à peser avant de le retirer de l’étuve et le transférer
rapidement dans un dessiccateur.
Lorsqu’un appareillage autre qu’un creuset filtrant est utilisé, les opérations de séchage en étuve doivent
être conduites de sorte qu’elles permettent de déterminer la masse anhydre des fibres sans perte.
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ISO 1833-1:2020(F)

9.1.5 Refroidissement
Effectuer toutes les opérations de refroidissement dans le dessiccateur, ce dernier étant placé à côté de
la balance, jusqu’à obtenir un refroidissement complet des vases à peser, et dans tous les cas pendant au
moins 2 h.
9.1.6 Pesée
Après le refroidissement, effectuer la pesée de la prise d’essai dans le vase à peser ou le creuset avec le
résidu dans un vase à peser dans les 2 min qui suivent sa sortie du dessiccateur.
Peser à 0,000 2 g près.
9.2 Réalisation des essais
Sur l’échantillon réduit prétraité, prélever une prise d’essai d’environ 1 g. Découper le fil ou l’étoffe
sectionnée en fragments d’environ 10 mm de long. Sécher la prise d’essai dans un vase à peser, refroidir
dans un dessiccateur et peser (voir 9.1).
Transférer la prise d’essai dans le récipient en verre spécifié dans la partie appropriée de l’ISO 1833,
repeser immédiatement le vase à peser avec son bouchon et calculer la masse anhydre de la prise d’essai
par différence.
Suivre le mode opératoire d’essai spécifié dans la partie appropriée de l’ISO 1833, et examiner le
résidu au microscope (ou par un autre moyen approprié) pour vérifier que le traitement a bien éliminé
complètement la fibre soluble.
L’analyse d’au moins deux prises d’essai doit être réalisée.
10 Calcul et expression des résultats
10.1 Généralités
Exprimer la masse du composant insoluble sous forme d’un pourcentage de la masse totale des fibres
dans le mélange. Le pourcentage du composant soluble est obtenu par différence.
Calculer les résultats sur la base de la masse anhydre de fibres pures à l’aide de la Formule (1), avec
application du taux de reprise d’humidité conventionnel et des facteurs de correction nécessaires pour
tenir compte des pertes de matière lors du prétraitement et de l’analyse à l’aide de la Formule (2).
NOTE Le taux de reprise d’humidité conventionnel de chaque fibre est spécifié dans certaines législations
régionales ou après accord entre les parties intéressées.
10.2 Calcul du pourcentage en masse du composant insoluble sur la base de la masse anhydre de
fibres pures.
100××md
1
P= (1)
m
0

P est le pourcentage en masse du composant insoluble pur déshydraté;
m est la masse anhydre de la prise d’essai, exprimée en g;
0
m est la masse anhydre du résidu, exprimée en g;
1
d est le facteur de correction de la variation de masse du composant insoluble dans le réactif.
4 © ISO 2020 – Tous droits réservés

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ISO 1833-1:2020(F)

Des valeurs appropriées de d sont indiquées dans les différentes parties de l’ISO 1833.
10.3 Calcul du pourcentage en masse du composant insoluble sur la base de la masse anhydre de
fibres pures (voir 10.2), avec taux de reprise d’humidité et de variation de masse pour les matières non
fibreuses et/ou de variations de masse pour les matières fibreuses lors du prétraitement.
100×+Pa10,01×+b
[]()
22
P = (2)
1A
Pa×+10,,01×+bP+−()100 ×+10 01 aab+
[]() []()
22 11

P est le pourcentage en masse du composant insoluble pur dans le mélange avec les taux de
1A
reprise d’humidité et de variations de masse pour les matières non fibreuses;
P est le pourcentage du composant insoluble pur déshydraté [tel que calculé dans la For-
mule (1)];
a est le taux de reprise d’humidité du composant soluble;
1
a est le taux de reprise d’humidité du composant insoluble;
2
b est la variation du pourcentage en masse des matières fibreuses solubles due au prétraite-
1
ment et/ou la variation de masse du composant soluble due aux matières non fibreuses;
b est la variation du pourcentage en masse des matières fibreuses insolubles due au prétraite-
2
ment et/ou la variation de masse du composant insoluble due aux matières non fibreuses.
Calculer le pourcentage en masse du deuxième composant à l’aide de la Formule (3).
PP=−100 (3)
21AA
Si la valeur calculée de P est supérieure à 100 % (entraînant un pourcentage négatif de P ), il convient
1A 2A
que le facteur de correction d utilisé dans la Formule (1) soit reconsidéré en raison d’une surestimation
potentielle. La modification du facteur de correction d doit être consignée. Si cela est techniquement
possible, le pourcentage en masse des composants doit être confirmé à l’aide d’une méthode alternative
(par exemple analyse chimique utilisant un autre solvant, séparation manuelle, analyse microscopique).
Dans le cas où un prétraitement spécial est appliqué, il convient de déterminer les valeurs de b et b ,
1 2
si possible en soumettant chacun des composants des fibres pures au prétraitement appliqué lors de
l’analyse. Par fibres pures, il faut entendre les fibres exemptes de toutes les matières non fibreuses,
à l’exception de celles qu’elles contiennent normalement (par leur nature ou en raison du procédé de
fabrication), dans l’état (écru, blanchi) où elles se trouvent dans le matériau à analyser.
Dans le cas où aucun composant de fibre séparée et prétraitée ayant servi à la fabrication de la matière
à analyser n’est disponible, des valeurs moyennes de b et b résultant d’essais effectués sur des fibres
1 2
pures semblables à celles qui sont contenues d
...

FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 1833-1
ISO/TC 38
Textiles — Quantitative chemical
Secretariat: JISC
analysis —
Voting begins on:
2020-03-16
Part 1:
Voting terminates on:
General principles of testing
2020-05-11
Textiles — Analyse chimique quantitative —
Partie 1: Principes généraux des essais
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 1833-1:2020(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
©
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2020

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ISO/FDIS 1833-1:2020(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
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Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

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ISO/FDIS 1833-1:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Reagents . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
7 Conditioning and testing atmosphere . 2
8 Sampling and pre-treatment of laboratory test sample . 2
8.1 Sampling . 2
8.2 Pre-treatment of laboratory test sample . 2
9 Procedure. 3
9.1 General instructions . 3
9.1.1 Handling . 3
9.1.2 Drying . 3
9.1.3 Drying of test specimens . 3
9.1.4 Drying of crucible and residue . 3
9.1.5 Cooling . 3
9.1.6 Weighing . 3
9.2 Testing execution . 3
10 Calculation and expression of results . 4
11 Precision of the methods . 5
12 Test report . 5
Annex A (normative) Methods for the removal of non-fibrous matter. 7
Annex B (normative) Method of quantitative analysis by manual separation .15
Bibliography .18
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO/FDIS 1833-1:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles, in collaboration with
the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 248, Textiles, in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 1833-1:2006), which has been technically
revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 1833-1:2006/Cor 1:2009.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Introduction, A.2 and bibliography: a reference to ISO/TR 11827 regarding the fibre identification
has been added;
— Clause 2: normative references have been added;
— Clause 4: references to ISO 2076 and ISO 6938 have been added for the use of the generic names in
the ISO 1833 series;
— Clause 5: warning sentences and reference to grade 3 water have been introduced;
— Clause 6: stoppered weighing bottles have been added;
— 8.2: all pretreatments have been described in Annex A (including pretreatment with light petroleum)
a requirement for reporting if any pretreatment is carried out [see Clause 12, e)] has been introduced;
— 9.1.1: instructions for handling have been added;
— 9.1.2: instructions for short drying period have been added;
— 9.1.6 (former 9.1.5): a note has been removed,
— 9.2: a requirement regarding the number of test specimens has been added;
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— Clause 10: deletion of former 10.3 (consideration of only percentage additions for moisture, case
included in the new 10.3 covering percentage additions for moisture and non-fibrous matter, and/
or percentage losses of fibrous matter by pre-treatment);
— 10.3: additional instructions in case of calculated percentage greater than 100 % have been given;
— Annexes A and B have been changed to normative;
— Table A.1 and concerned subclauses: additional cases regarding elastane (see A.5.1.2), elastolefin
(see A.5.1.3), bast fibres (see A.5.25, from ISO 1833-22) have been introduced;
— B.8.1 and B.8.2: a requirement regarding the number of test specimens has been added.
A list of all parts in the ISO 1833 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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Introduction
Methods for the quantitative analysis of fibre mixtures are based on two main processes, the manual
separation and the chemical separation of fibres.
It is preferable to use the method of manual separation, which is given in Annex B, whenever possible
since it generally gives more accurate results than the chemical method. It can be used for all textiles
whose component fibres do not form an intimate mixture, for example in the case of yarns composed of
several elements each of which is made up of only one type of fibre, or woven fabrics in which the fibre
of the warp is of a different kind to that of the weft, or knitted fabrics capable of being unravelled made
up of yarns of different types.
In general, the methods described in the different parts of ISO 1833 are based on the selective
dissolution of an individual component. After the removal of a component, the insoluble residue is
weighed, and the proportion of soluble component is calculated from the loss in mass. This document
gives the information which is common to the analyses, by this method, of all fibre mixtures, whatever
their composition. This information is intended to be used in conjunction with the other parts of
ISO 1833; these parts contain the detailed procedures applicable to particular fibre mixtures. Where,
occasionally, an analysis is based on a principle other than selective dissolution, full details are given in
the appropriate part.
Mixtures of fibres obtained during processing and, to a lesser extent, in finished textiles can contain
non-fibrous matter, such as fats, waxes or dressings, or water-soluble matter, either occurring naturally
or added to facilitate processing. Non-fibrous matters are removed before analysis.
A method of pre-treatment for removing oils, fats, waxes and water-soluble matter is given in Annex A.
Dye in dyed fibres is considered to be an integral part of the fibre and is not removed.
In addition, textiles can contain resins or other matter added to bond the fibres together or to confer
special properties, such as water-repellence or crease-resistance. Such matter, including dyestuffs in
exceptional cases, can interfere with the action of the reagent on the soluble component and/or it can
be partially or completely removed by the reagent. This type of added matter can also cause errors and
are removed before the sample is analysed. If it is impossible to remove such added matter, the methods
of analysis are no longer applicable.
Most textile fibres contain water, the amount depending on the type of fibre and on the relative
humidity of the surrounding air. Analyses are conducted on the basis of dry mass, and a procedure for
determining the dry mass of test specimens and residues is given in this document.
The result is therefore obtained on the basis of clean, dry fibres.
Provision is made for recalculating the result on the basis of
a) agreed moisture regain
NOTE The agreed moisture regain of each fibre is specified in some regional legislation or after
agreement between interested parties.
b) agreed moisture regain and also for
1) fibrous matter removed in the pre-treatment, and
2) non-fibrous matter (for example, fibre dressing, processing oil, or size) that can be properly
regarded as part of the fibre as an article of commerce.
In some methods, the insoluble component of a mixture can be partially dissolved in the reagent used
to dissolve the soluble component. Where possible, the reagents that have been chosen are those that
have little or no effect on the insoluble fibres. If loss in mass is known to occur during the analysis, the
result is corrected; correction factors for this purpose are given. These correction factors have been
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determined in several laboratories by treating, in the appropriate reagent as specified in the method of
analysis, fibres cleaned by the pre-treatment.
These correction factors apply only to undegraded fibres, and different correction factors might be
necessary if the fibres have been degraded during processing.
The procedures given apply to single determinations; at least two determinations on separate test
specimens are made, both in the case of manual separation and in the case of chemical separation, but
more may be carried out if desired.
Before proceeding with any quantitative analysis, it is assumed that all the fibres present in the mixture
have been identified. For this purpose, ISO/TR 11827 may be used.
For confirmation, unless it is technically impossible, it is recommended that use be made of alternative
procedures whereby the component that would be the residue in the standard method is dissolved
out first.
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FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 1833-1:2020(E)
Textiles — Quantitative chemical analysis —
Part 1:
General principles of testing
1 Scope
This document specifies a common method for the quantitative chemical analysis of various mixtures
of fibres. This method and the methods described in the other parts of ISO 1833 are applicable, in
general, to fibres in any textile form. Where certain textile forms are excepted, these are listed in the
scope of the appropriate part.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 105-C10, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part C10: Colour fastness to washing with soap or soap
and soda
ISO 2076, Textiles — Man-made fibres — Generic names
ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
ISO 5089, Textiles — Preparation of laboratory test samples and test specimens for chemical testing
ISO 6938, Textiles — Natural fibres — Generic names and definitions
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5089 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
non-fibrous matter
processing aids such as lubricants and sizes or naturally occurring non-fibrous substances
4 Principle
After the identification of the components of a mixture, the non-fibrous matter is removed by suitable
pre-treatment and then one of the components is determined usually by selective dissolution or manual
separation (see Annex B). The insoluble residue is dried and weighed, and the proportion of soluble
component calculated from the loss in mass. It is usually preferable to dissolve the fibre present in the
greater proportion, thus obtaining the fibre present in the smaller proportion as residue.
The fibre names in the ISO 1833 series are in accordance with the generic names listed in ISO 6938 for
the natural fibres and ISO 2076 for the man-made fibres.
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5 Reagents
Use only reagents of analytical grade. Reagents are listed in Table A.1.
WARNING — The ISO 1833 series may call for the use of substances/procedures that may be
injurious to the health/environment if appropriate conditions are not observed. It refers only to
technical suitability and does not absolve the user from legal obligations relating to health and
safety/environment at any stage.
5.1 Water, grade 3 (according to ISO 3696).
6 Apparatus
6.1 Glass filter crucible, capacity 30 ml to 40 ml, with sealed-in sintered disk filter with pore size of
90 µm to 150 µm.
In place of a glass filter crucible, any other apparatus giving identical results may be used.
6.2 Stoppered weighing bottles, large enough to contain such crucibles.
6.3 Vacuum flask.
6.4 Desiccator, containing self-indicating silica gel.
6.5 Ventilated oven, for drying test specimens at (105 ± 3) °C.
6.6 Analytical balance, with a resolution of 0,000 2 g or better.
6.7 Soxhlet extraction apparatus, or any other apparatus giving identical results.
NOTE Soxhlet size of a volume, in millilitres, equal to 20 times the mass, in grams, of the laboratory test
sample has been found convenient.
7 Conditioning and testing atmosphere
Because dry masses are determined, it is unnecessary to condition the test specimen. The analysis is
carried out under ordinary room conditions.
8 Sampling and pre-treatment of laboratory test sample
8.1 Sampling
Take a laboratory test sample, as described in ISO 5089, that is representative of the laboratory bulk
sample and sufficient to provide all the test specimens, each of at least 1 g, that are required. Fabrics
may contain yarns of different composition and account should be taken of this fact in the sampling of
the fabric. Treat the laboratory test sample as described in 8.2.
8.2 Pre-treatment of laboratory test sample
Laboratory test sample shall be pretreated by a suitable method (as described in Annex A) which does
not affect any of the fibre components.
NOTE 1 The purpose of the pretreatment is to remove non-fibrous matter, which is not to be taken into account
in the percentage calculations.
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If the pretreatment is not applied, it shall be reported with the reasons of this deviation of the given
procedure.
NOTE 2 The non-application of certain pretreatments is known to have a negligible effect on the results.
9 Procedure
9.1 General instructions
9.1.1 Handling
Avoid handling crucibles and weighing bottles, test specimens or residues with bare hands during the
drying, cooling and weighing operations.
9.1.2 Drying
Conduct all drying operations for not less than 4 h and not more than 16 h at (105 ± 3) °C in a ventilated
oven with the oven door closed throughout.
If the drying period is less than 14 h, the test specimen or the residue shall be weighed to check that its
mass has become constant.
The mass may be considered to have become constant if, after a further drying period of 60 min, its
variation is less than 0,05 %.
9.1.3 Drying of test specimens
Dry the test specimen in a weighing bottle with its stopper beside it. After drying, close the weighing
bottle with its stopper before removing it from the oven, and transfer it quickly to a desiccator.
9.1.4 Drying of crucible and residue
Dry the filter crucible with the residue in a weighing bottle with its stopper beside it in the oven. After
drying, close the weighing bottle with its stopper before removing it from the oven and transfer it
quickly to the desiccator.
Where apparatus other than a filter crucible is used, drying operations in the oven shall be conducted
in such a way as to enable the dry mass of the fibres to be determined without loss.
9.1.5 Cooling
Conduct all cooling operations in the desiccator, the latter placed beside the balance, until complete
cooling of the weighing bottles is attained, and in any case for not less than 2 h.
9.1.6 Weighing
After cooling, complete the weighing of the test specimen in a weighing bottle or crucible with the
residue in a weighing bottle within 2 min of its removal from the desiccator.
Weigh to the nearest 0,000 2 g.
9.2 Testing execution
From the pre-treated laboratory test sample, take a test specimen weighing about 1 g. Cut the yarn or
dissected fabric into lengths of about 10 mm. Dry the test specimen in a weighing bottle, cool it in the
desiccator and weigh it (see 9.1).
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Transfer the test specimen to the glass vessel specified in the appropriate part of ISO 1833, reweigh
the weighing bottle with its stopper immediately, and obtain the dry mass of the test specimen by the
difference.
Complete the test procedure as specified in the appropriate part of ISO 1833 and examine the residue
microscopically (or otherwise, as appropriate) to check that the treatment has in fact completely
removed the soluble fibre.
The analysis of at least two test specimens shall be made.
10 Calculation and expression of results
10.1 General
Express the mass of the insoluble component as a percentage of the total mass of fibre in the mixture.
The percentage of soluble component is obtained by difference.
Calculate the results on the basis of clean dry mass using Formula (1), adjusted by the agreed moisture
regain and the correction factors necessary to take account of loss of matter during pre-treatment and
analysis by using Formula (2).
NOTE The agreed moisture regain of each fibre is specified in some regional legislation or after agreement
between interested parties.
10.2 Calculation of mass percentage of insoluble component on clean dry mass basis.
100××md
1
P= (1)
m
0
where
P is the mass percentage of clean dry insoluble component;
m is the dry mass of the test specimen, expressed in g;
0
m is the dry mass of the residue, expressed in g;
1
d is the correction factor of variation in mass of insoluble component in the reagent.
Suitable values of d are given in the different parts of ISO 1833.
10.3 Calculation of mass percentage of insoluble component on clean, dry mass basis (see 10.2), with
percentage additions for moisture and non-fibrous matter, and/or percentage losses of fibrous matter by
pre-treatment.
100×+Pa10,01×+b
[]()
22
P = (2)
1A
Pa×+10,,01×+bP+−100 ×+10 01 aab+
[]() () []()
22 11
where
P is the mass percentage of clean insoluble component with percentage additions for moisture
1A
and non-fibrous matter;
P is the mass percentage of clean dry insoluble component [as calculated in Formula (1)];
a is the mass percentage addition to the soluble component for moisture;
1
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a is the mass percentage addition to the insoluble component for moisture;
2
b is the mass percentage variation of soluble fibrous matter caused by the pre-treatment, and/
1
or the percentage addition to the soluble component for non-fibrous matter;
b is the mass percentage variation of insoluble fibrous matter caused by the pre-treatment,
2
and/or the percentage addition to the insoluble component for non-fibrous matter.
Calculate the mass percentage of the second component using the Formula (3).
PP=−100 (3)
21AA
If the calculated value of P is greater than 100 % (leading to a negative percentage of P ), the
1A 2A
correction factor d used in Formula (1) should be reconsidered due to a potential over estimation. The
change of the correction factor d shall be reported. If technically possible, the mass percentage of the
components shall be confirmed based on an alternative method (e.g. chemical analysis using another
solvent, manual separation, microscopical analysis).
Where a special pre-treatment has been used, the values of b and b should be determined, if possible,
1 2
by submitting each of the pure fibre components to pre-treatment applied in the analysis. Pure fibres
are those free from all non-fibrous matter except that which they normally contain (either naturally or
because of the manufacturing process), in the state (unbleached, bleached) in which they are found in
the material to be analysed.
Where no pre-treated separate fibre components used in the manufacture of the material to be analysed
are available, average values of b and b as obtained from tests performed on clean fibres similar to
1 2
those in the mixture under examination, could be used.
11 Precision of the methods
The precision indicated in individual parts of ISO 1833 relates to the reproducibility. The reproducibility
refers to the reliability, i.e. the closeness of agreement between experimental values obtained by
operators in different laboratories or at different times, using the same method on test specimens of an
identical, consistent mixture.
The reproducibility is expressed by confidence limits of the results for a confidence level of 95 %, i.e. the
difference between two results in a series of analyses made in different laboratories would be exceeded
only in five cases out of 100, when the standard method is applied to an identical consistent mixture.
12 Test report
The test report of any part shall specify the following:
a) a reference to the relevant part of ISO 1833;
b) whether the result relates to the overall composition of the material or to an individual component
of the assembly;
c) identification (e.g. description) of the laboratory test sample;
d) qualitative fibre identification of the test specimens;
e) method(s) of pre-treatment used;
f) details of any special treatment for the removal of size or finish given in addition to the specified
pre-treatment;
g) the individual results and the arithmetic mean, each to the nearest 0,1 %;
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h) any deviation from the given procedure, especially if pretreatment is not applied (see 8.2)
i) any unusual features observed;
j) the date of the test.
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Annex A
(normative)

Methods for the removal of non-fibrous matter
A.1 General
The removal of certain types of non-fibrous matter, particularly when more than one substance is
present, may demand the exercise of considerable chemical resource, and each material to be treated
for removal of its non-fibrous matter should be regarded as an individual problem. The procedures
described in this annex do not pretend to be complete, and it should not be assumed that those described
in this annex will
...

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