ISO 13270:2013
(Main)Steel fibres for concrete — Definitions and specifications
Steel fibres for concrete — Definitions and specifications
ISO 13270:2013 specifies definitions and symbols, classification and codes, dimensions, masses and permissible variations, inspection methods, packing, delivery and storage for steel fibres for concrete. ISO 13270:2013 covers fibres intended for use in fibre-reinforced concrete, in all types of concrete and mortar, including sprayed concrete, flooring, precast, in situ and repair concretes. ISO 13270:2013 can also be referred to for fibres used in fibre-reinforced engineering material, such as stainless steel fibre use in reinforced refractory material.
Fibres d'acier pour béton — Définitions et spécifications
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13270
First edition
2013-01-15
Steel fibres for concrete — Definitions
and specifications
Fibres d’acier pour béton — Définitions et spécifications
Reference number
ISO 13270:2013(E)
©
ISO 2013
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ISO 13270:2013(E)
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© ISO 2013
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ISO 13270:2013(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols . 3
5 Classification . 3
6 Ordering information . 4
7 Requirements . 4
7.1 Dimensions and tolerances . 4
7.2 Surface condition . 5
7.3 Tensile strength of fibres . 6
7.4 Modulus of elasticity . 6
7.5 Bending requirements . 6
7.6 Mixing . 6
7.7 Reinforcing effect of the steel fibres in concrete . 6
7.8 Effect on consistency of concrete . 7
7.9 Effect on air of concrete. 7
8 Testing and Inspection . 7
8.1 General . 7
8.2 ITT (Initial Type Test) . 7
8.3 Factory production control (FPC) . 8
9 Packaging and package marking .11
Annex A (normative) Reference concretes .13
Bibliography .17
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ISO 13270:2013(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 13270 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 17, Steel, Subcommittee SC 17, Steel wire rod
and wire products.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13270:2013(E)
Steel fibres for concrete — Definitions and specifications
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies definitions and symbols, classification and codes, dimensions,
masses and permissible variations, inspection methods, packing, delivery and storage for steel fibres
for concrete.
This International Standard covers fibres intended for use in fibre-reinforced concrete, in all types of
concrete and mortar, including sprayed concrete, flooring, precast, in situ and repair concretes
This International Standard can also be referred to for fibres used in fibre-reinforced engineering
material, such as stainless steel fibre use in reinforced refractory material.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 404, Steel and steel products — General technical delivery requirements
ISO 1920-2:2005, Testing of concrete — Part 2: Properties of fresh concrete
ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 2: Basic
method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method
ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
ISO 7989-1, Steel wire and wire products — Non-ferrous metallic coatings on steel wire — Part 1:
General principles
ISO 10474, Metallic products — Inspection documents
ISO 22034-1, Steel wire and wire products — Part 1: General test methods
EN 197-1:2011, Cement — Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements
EN 206-1, Concrete — Part 1: Specification, performance,production and conformity
EN 933-2, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates — Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution
— Test sieves, nominal size of apertures
EN 934-2:2009, Admixtures for concrete. mortar and grout — Part 2: Concrete admixtures — Definitions.
requirements, conformity, marking and labeling
EN 1008, Mixing water for concrete — Specification for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of
water, including water recovered from processes in the concrete industry, as mixing water for concrete
EN 1766:2000, Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures — Test methods —
Reference concretes for testing
EN 1992-1-1, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings
EN 12350-1, Testing fresh concrete — Part 1: Sampling
EN 12350-3, Testing fresh concrete — Part 3: Vebe test
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ISO 13270:2013(E)
EN 12350-4, Testing fresh concrete — Part 4: Degree of compactability
EN 14651, Test method for metallic fibre concrete — Measuring the flexural tensile strength (limit of
proportionality (LOP). residual)
EN 14845-2, Test methods for fibres in concrete — Part 2: Effect on concrete
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
steel fibres
straight or deformed pieces of cold-drawn steel wire, straight or deformed cut sheet fibres, melt-
extracted fibres, shaved cold-drawn wire fibres and fibres milled from steel blocks which are suitable
to be homogenously mixed into concrete or mortar
Note 1 to entry: Steel fibres are suitable reinforcement material for concrete because they possess a thermal
expansion coefficient equal to that of concrete, their Young’s Modulus is at least 5 times higher than that of
concrete and the creep of regular carbon steel fibres can only occur above 370 °C.
3.2
length
distance between the outer ends of the fibre
3.2.1
developed length
length of the deformed fibres after straightening the fibre without deforming the cross-section
3.3
equivalent diameter
diameter of a circle with an area equal to the mean cross-sectional area of the fibre
Note 1 to entry: For circular fibres, the equivalent diameter is equal to the diameter of the fibres.
3.4
aspect ratio
ratio of length (l) to equivalent diameter of the fibre
3.5
fibre shape
specific outer configuration of the fibres, both in the longitudinal direction and in the shape of the cross-
section and also the possible surface coatings and/or bundling of fibres
3.6
tensile strength of fibre
stress corresponding to the maximum force that one fibre can resist
Note 1 to entry: The methods concerning how to determine the tensile strength are explained in 7.3. The tensile
strength is calculated by dividing the maximum force a fibre can resist by the mean cross-sectional area of the fibre.
3.7
crack mouth opening displacement
CMOD
linear displacement measured by a transducer installed on a prism subjected to a centre-point load F
3.8
elastic modulus
initial slope of the tensile stress versus tensile strain curve
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ISO 13270:2013(E)
3.9
declared value
value for a product property, determined in accordance with this standard, that a manufacturer is confident
of achieving within the given tolerances taking into account the variability of the manufacturing process
3.10
linear displacement
δ
displacement measured by a transducer installed on a prism subjected to a centre-point load F
3.11
residual flexural strength
notional stress at the tip of the notch which is assumed to act in an uncracked mid-span section, with
linear stress distribution, of a prism subjected to the centre-point load Fj corresponding to CMODj where
CMODj > CMODδ; or to δj where δj > δF ( j = 1,2,3,4)
L
Note 1 to entry: F is the load at LOP (see EN 14651).
L
4 Symbols
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and definitions in Table 1 apply.
Table 1 — Symbols and definitions
Symbols Definitions Unit
a
w width of the fibre mm
a
t thickness of the fibre mm
d diameter or equivalent diameter of the fibre mm
R tensile strength of the fibre MPa
m
l length of the fibre mm
λ aspect ratio of the fibre (λ = l/d)
l developed length of the fibre mm
d
m mass of the fibre g
3
ρ density of steel kg/m
a
Description for rectangular fibres.
5 Classification
The steel fibres shall conform to one of the groups and one of the shapes listed below:
a) Group
Steel fibres shall be classified into one of the following groups, in accordance with the basic material
used for the production of the fibres.
Group I: cold-drawn wire
Group II: cut sheet
Group III: melt extracted
Group IV: shaved cold-drawn wire
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ISO 13270:2013(E)
Group V: milled from blocks
b) Shape
Fibres shall be either straight or deformed. The manufacturer shall declare the shape of the fibre. The
control and tolerances on the shape shall be specified for each different shape separately.
When applicable, the type of bundling shall be declared.
c) Coating
When steel fibres are supplied with a coating (e.g. zinc coating), the type and characteristic quantity in
2
g/m shall be declared. The control of the quantity shall be a function of the type of coating and shall be
declared by the manufacturer. In the case of a zinc coating, the determination of the coating thickness
shall be performed according to ISO 7989-1. In the case of a Zn or Zn/Al coating, a protection against the
alkaline environment is recommended (passivation).
6 Ordering information
The purchaser shall clearly provide the following information concerning the product in his enquiry or order:
a) the desired quantity;
b) the number of this International Standard;
c) group, shape, coating if any, class A, class B for Group I and nominal tensile strength ;
d) diameter or equivalent diameter;
e) length;
f) the type of inspection document;
g) for stainless steel fibres, the steel grade shall be agreed at the time of ordering.
7 Requirements
7.1 Dimensions and tolerances
7.1.1 General
For fibres of group I and II, the length, equivalent diameter, the class (A or B), and the aspect ratio shall
be declared. The tolerances shall be as given in Table 2.
Specimens of fibres, when sampled in accordance with 8.2 and 8.3, and measured in accordance with
7.1.2 and 7.1.3, shall not deviate from the declared value by more than the tolerances given in Table 2. At
least 95 % of the individual specimens shall meet the specified tolerances.
For fibres of group III, IV and V, the range of lengths, equivalent diameters and aspect ratios shall be
declared. Specimens of fibres, when sampled in accordance with 8.2 and measured in accordance with
7.1.2 e 7.1.3 shall be within the specified range. At least 90 % of the individual specimen fibres shall meet
the specified tolerances in both cases.
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ISO 13270:2013(E)
Table 2 — Tolerances on fibre length and diameter
Deviation of the individual
Deviation of the average value
value relative to the declared
relative to the declared value
Property Range
value
Class A Class B Class A Class B
Length and devel- >30 mm ±3 mm ±5 %
±10 %
oped length l (or l ) ≤30 mm ±10 % ±1,5 mm
d
(Equivalent) diam- >0,30 mm ±5 %
±0,02 mm ±10 % ±0,015
eter d ≤0,30 mm ±0,015 mm
Length/diameter
±15 % ±7,5 %
ratio λ
7.1.2 Determination of length
The length shall be measured with a marking gauge (callipers) with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.
In the case of an irregular cross-section, the developed length of the fibre shall also be determined to
calculate the equivalent diameter. If straightening of the fibre is necessary, it shall be done by hand or,
if this is not possible, by hammering on a level of wood, plastic material or copper using a hammer of
similar material. During the straightening, the cross-section should not be changed.
7.1.3 Determination of (equivalent) diameter
7.1.3.1 Round wire fibres
The diameter of the fibre shall be measured with a micrometer, in two directions, approximately at right
angles, to an accuracy of 0,01 mm. The fibre diameter shall be the mean of the two diameters.
7.1.3.2 Rectangular fibres
The width (w) and thickness (t) of the fibres shall be measured with a micrometer with an accuracy of
0,01 mm.
The equivalent diameter (d) is calculated using the following formula:
4wt
d=
π
7.1.3.3 Fibres with irregular cross-section
The mass (m) and the developed length (l ) of the fibre shall be determined. The mass shall be determined
d
to an accuracy of 0,001 g. The equivalent diameter is computed from the mass and the developed length
using the following formula:
6
41m× 0
d=
πl ρ
d
3
Where ρ is the nominal density: for all steels except stainless steel, it may be taken as 7850 kg/m ; for
3
stainless steel, it may be taken as 7950 kg/m .”
7.2 Surface condition
The surface of fibre should be kept dry and clean, with no greasy dirt substances and inclusions existing
which may effect the consistence behaviour of steel-fibre concrete.
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ISO 13270:2013(E)
Seams and surface irregularities shall not be the cause for rejection, provided that tensile properties
are not less than the requirements of this specification and mixing performance in concrete is not
adversely affected.
Rust, mill scale, or other coatings shall not be the cause for rejection provided that the individual fibres
separate when mixed in concrete, and tensile and bending properties are not less than the requirements
of this specification.
7.3 Tensile strength of fibres
The tensile strength (R ) shall be determined in accordance with ISO 6892-1, except as indicated below,
m
and shall be declared.
For Group I (cold-drawn wire), the tensile strength shall be determined from the source wire before
deformation. The acceptable tolerance on the declared value of R shall be 15 % for individual values
m
and 7,5 % for the mean value. At least 95 % of the individual specimens shall meet the specified tolerance.
For Group II (cut sheet), the tensile strength shall be determined from the source plate before deformation.
The acceptable tolerance on the declared value of R shall be 15 % for individual values and 7,5 % for the
m
mean value. At least 95 % of the individual specimens shall meet the specified tolerance.
For Group III (melt-extracted fibres), Group IV (shaved cold-drawn wire) and Group V (milled from steel
blocks) the tensile strength shall be determined from fibres with a minimum length of 20 mm clamped
within the jaws of the testing machine. These fibre types have an irregular cross-section and therefore
the fibres will break at the minimum cross-section. The nominal tensile strength shall be determined by
dividing the maximum load during the tensile test by the cross-section calculated from the equivalent
diameter. The manufacturer may determine the cross-section at the break by an optical method, in
which case the tensile strength, obtained by dividing the maximum tensile load during the tensile test
by the fracture cross-section, may also be declared, giving the precision of the area measurement.
For Groups III, IV and V, the manufacturer may instead declare a minimum tensile strength and at least
90 % of the individual specimens of fibres shall then comply with this value.
7.4 Modulus of elasticity
The manufacturer shall declare the modulus of elasticity of the fibres.
The modulus of elasticity may be determined for Groups I and II fibres using the tensile test as described
in ISO 6892-1. The test shall be done on the basi
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