ISO/FDIS 20947-2

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 20947-2
ISO/TC 133 Secretariat: SABS
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2019-05-28 2019-08-20
Performance evaluation protocol for digital fitting
systems —
Part 2:
Virtual garment
Protocole d'évaluation de la performance des systèmes d'habillage virtuel —
Partie 2: Vêtement virtuel
ICS: 61.020
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
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ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
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ISO/DIS 20947-2:2019(E)
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Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Functions ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................16

4.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................16

4.2 Data import .............................................................................................................................................................................................17

4.3 Digital fitting ..........................................................................................................................................................................................17

4.4 Function to measure lengths of lines ................................................................................................................................17

5 Qualitative evaluation of performance ......................................................................................................................................17

6 Quantitative evaluation of performance ..................................................................................................................................17

6.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................17

6.2 Import of virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model ..................................................................................................17

6.3 Import virtual garment pattern and measure the lines ....................................................................................18

6.3.1 Upper ......................................................................................................................................................................................18

6.4 Import sewing information .......................................................................................................................................................19

6.5 Three-dimensional arrangement of virtual patterns ..........................................................................................20

6.6 Virtual sewing .......................................................................................................................................................................................21

6.7 Measurement of lengths of virtual garment ...............................................................................................................22

6.8 Calculation of difference ..............................................................................................................................................................22

7 Report ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................22

8 Evaluation .................................................................................................................................................................................................................22

Annex A (informative) Example of measurements in a 3D CAD system ........................................................................24

Annex B (normative) Format for report: Qualitative evaluation of a digital fitting system .....................25

Annex C (informative) Example of report: Qualitative evaluation of a digital fitting system .................26

Annex D (normative) Format for report (Upper): Quantitative evaluation of a digital fitting

system ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................28

Annex E (informative) Example of report (Upper): Quantitative evaluation of a digital

fitting system .........................................................................................................................................................................................................30

Annex F (normative) Format for report (Lower): Quantitative evaluation of a digital fitting

system ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................32

Annex G (normative) Format for report (One-piece dress): Quantitative evaluation of a

digital fitting system ......................................................................................................................................................................................34

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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 133, Clothing sizing systems - size

ISO 20947 consists of three parts, under the general title Performance evaluation protocol for digital

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

Digital fitting systems are used more frequently for evaluating the fit of garment without making

actual physical patterns or physical garments. In a digital fitting system, a virtual garment is made

using virtual patterns, and the fit of physical garment on a physical human body is assessed by draping

a virtual garment on a virtual body or a virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model. Such system is useful for

designers, manufacturers, educationalists because the system helps to improve the fit of garments and

The use of the digital fitting system, employed to evaluate the suitability of real garments on real human

body with the use of virtual garments on a virtual human body in cyberspace, is growing in popularity.

The system eliminates the need for physical garment production with fabric in product evaluation.

Using computer-generated virtual garment pattern, virtual garment is created and tested on either a

virtual human body or a virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model. The technology is expected to improve

garment fit and increasing productivity. It benefits not only those engaged in garment design but also

consumers at the time of garment purchase, with better fit and wider choice of sizes in mass-produced

Digital fitting technology is still developing, and there is a wide range of differences in the specification

and performance between digital fitting systems. This makes it difficult for users (designers,

manufacturers, educationalists and retailers of garments) to select an appropriate system for their

Notwithstanding, the digital fitting system is still developing, with wide differences among systems

regarding functions and performance description. This makes the choice of the right system extremely

This international standards addresses the second standard of the series. It explains a protocol

for describing the performance and specification of virtual garment pattern cutting and clothing

simulation. This international standard is intended to be used by fashion designers and pattern

technologists (makers) for generating virtual garment patterns, and testing them on a virtual fit

mannequin (fit form) model or a virtual human body. Additionally, data for the virtual fit mannequin

(fit form) model and virtual garment pattern will be developed as reference, to enable the system user

This standard specifies the method for describing the functions and the method for evaluating

the performance of the virtual garment pattern cutting and clothing simulation modules of digital

fitting systems. This international standard is intended to be used by fashion designers and pattern

technologists (makers) for generating virtual garment patterns, and testing them on a virtual fit

This standard specifies a method for describing the functions and a method for evaluating the

performance of the virtual garment pattern cutting and clothing simulation modules of digital

fitting systems. The performance is evaluated by comparison between the length of 2D pattern and

corresponding length of 3D garment in digital (virtual) space. The standard also requires reporting

format of the functions and the performance. This international standard is intended to be used by

fashion designers and pattern technologists (makers) for generating virtual garment patterns, and

testing them on a virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model or a virtual human body.

A typical design process of virtual pattern cutting and virtual try-on starts from 2D virtual garment

pattern cutting. Then virtual garment patterns are put on a virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model or

a virtual human body in the virtual 3D space. Whereas, some systems enable another design process,

such as direct 3D pattern cutting on a virtual human body with clothing simulation. This international

standard is not limited to the system based on the typical design process. The performance evaluation

method is independent from the design process. The method is developed to assess the performance of

Intended users of this standard are users those who plan to introduce/renew digital fitting systems.

The user sends material information of specific fabric to multiple developers of digital fitting systems.

Developers assess their systems based on this standard using the specified information, and return the

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 18163, Clothing — Digital fittings — Vocabulary and terminology used for the virtual garment

ISO 18825-1, Clothing — Digital fittings — Part 1: Vocabulary and terminology used for the virtual

ISO/CD 20947-1, Performance evaluation protocol for digital fitting systems — Part 1: Accuracy of virtual

Digital fitting system provides qualitative and/or quantitative evaluation of overall and/or specific

simulation garment fit through analysis of the distribution of surface strain, gap between body and

Virtual model of a fit mannequin (fit form) in a virtual space used for digital fitting. Fit mannequin (fit

Note 1 to entry: see ISO/WD 20947-1 Performance evaluation protocol for digital fitting systems - Part1 Accuracy

Shapes consisting of straight lines and closed curves that mark the area of a digitized pattern to be

used on the virtual garment. Each pattern consists of a contoured and multiple internal lines, which are

used to express seams, internal openings, fold lines, and other garment characteristics.

Creation and drape simulation of a virtual garment on the virtual human body using a virtual garment

Physical properties of material include tensile modulus, bending rigidity, shear resistance, thickness,

weight, etc. These can be simulated for virtual fabrics using cloth simulation models eg (see AnnexD).

Information necessary to construct a virtual garment from virtual garment patterns. Sewing

information includes seam lines, specific points on a virtual garment pattern such as positions of snaps,

Lengths are measured on lines of the virtual garment pattern and described in clause 3.8. For lines that

may be measured on either side of virtual garment pattern or virtual garment, it should be indicated

on which side the length was measured. The virtual garment pattern that is used for evaluating the

performance of digital fitting systems does not have easing or stretching at any lines or darts. Darts

are not included in the length measurement. In order to evaluate the performance of a digital fitting

system using an asymmetrical virtual garment pattern or lines including easing or stretching, it is

Straight line passing the level of the breast point of the pattern and perpendicular to the front centre

line of the front bodice from the left side line to the right side line (front bust line), or perpendicular to

the back centre line of the back bodice from the left side line to the right side line (back bust line). See

Figure 1. Length of the front bust line, length of back bust line, and total length are measured.

Straight line at the shoulder of front bodice or back bodice along which the front bodice and back bodice

Lines at the armhole of front bodice or back bodice. See Figure 3. Length of armhole lines, and total

Lines at the neck of front bodice or back bodice. See Figure 4. Length of front neck line, length of back

Lines at the side of front bodice or back bodice along which the front bodice and back bodice are stitched

together. See Figure 5. Length of side lines (right or left of front or back side lines) are measured.

Straight line passing the centre of front neck line and perpendicular to the bust line. See Figure 6. Length

Straight line passing the centre of back neck line and perpendicular to the bust line. See Figure 7. Length

Line at the hem of front bodice or back bodice. See Figure 8. Length of the front hem line, length of back

Line of the garment pattern of sleeve along which the sleeve and front bodice or sleeve and back bodice

are stitched together. See Figure 9. Length of right or left sleeve crown seam line is measured.

Straight line connecting the two ends of a sleeve crown seam line. See Figure 10. Length of right or left

Straight line passing the top of the sleeve crown seam line and perpendicular to sleeve width line (bicep

line). See Figure 11. Length is measured from the top of the sleeve crown seam line to sleeve hem line of

Lines connecting the edge of sleeve crown seam line and edge of sleeve hem line along which a sleeve is

stitched to make a tube. See Figure 12. Length is measured from the edge of the sleeve crown seam line

to the edge of sleeve hem line of the right or left sleeve. Either of two lines of the left or right sleeves are

Line at the lower edge of the sleeve pattern indicating the hem. See Figure 13. Length is measured for

Line that corresponds to the waist line in pattern design. (Figure 14). The lengths of the front and of the

Line on the belt side at which the front and back belt and the front left and front right pant legs and back

left and back right pant legs are sewn together (Figure 15). Lengths of the front and back lines and the

Line on the pant pants side at which the front and back belt and the front left and front right pant legs

and back left and back right pant legs are sewn together (Figure 16). Lengths of the front and back lines

Seam line corresponding to the outer sides of the front left and front right of the pant legs and the back

left and back right of the pant legs. (Figure 17). The length of the outside seam line on either the left or

The inside line of the pant legs (below the crotch). (Figure 18). Length of inseam lines are measured.

Straight line passing the level of the breast point of the pattern and perpendicular to the front centre

line of the front bodice from the left side line to the right side line (front bust line), or perpendicular to

the back centre line of the back bodice from the left side line to the right side line (back bust line). See

Figure 19. Length of the front bust line, length of back bust line, and total length are measured.

Line at the shoulder of front bodice or back bodice along which the front bodice and back bodice are

Line at the neck of front bodice or back bodice. See Figure 21. Length of front neck line, length of back

Straight line passing the centre of front neck line and perpendicular to the bust line. See Figure 22.

Curve line passing the centre of back neck line to centre of back seam line. See Figure 23. Length is

Line at the side of front bodice or back bodice along which the front bodice and back bodice are stitched

together. See Figure 24. Length of side lines (right or left of front or back side lines) are measured.

The inside lines of the front. See Figure 25. Length of inseam lines are measured.

The inside lines of the front. See Figure 26. Length of inseam lines are measured.

a) Function to import three-dimensional virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model in file format;

Qualitative and/or quantitative evaluation of overall and/or specific simulation garment fit through

analysis of the distribution of surface strain, gap between body and garment, heat map, cross section,

Function to measure lengths of lines of two-dimensional virtual garment patterns as shown in Table 1.

Function to measure lengths of lines of three-dimensional virtual garment draped fitted on the virtual

Performance of digital fitting systems are qualitatively evaluated by examining having or not having

The quantitative performance of a digital fitting system is evaluated as given in 6.2 to 6.8.

A physical fit mannequin (fit form) for which the 3D CAD data is openly available should be used. See

Import the three-dimensional shape information of the virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model to the

A garment pattern whose shape and lengths of lines information are openly available shall be used. The

size of the garment pattern shall be appropriate for fit the imported virtual fit mannequin (fit form) model

Figure 16 shows an example of garment pattern for the upper body whose shape and lengths of lines