Disc springs — Part 1: Calculation

ISO 19690-1:2017 specifies design criteria and features of disc springs, whether as single disc springs or as stacks of disc springs. It includes the definition of relevant concepts, as well as design formulae, and covers the fatigue life of such springs.

Ressorts à disques — Partie 1: Calcul

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
19-Mar-2017
Technical Committee
Drafting Committee
Current Stage
9093 - International Standard confirmed
Completion Date
22-Jun-2022
Ref Project

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ISO 19690-1:2017 - Disc springs
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19690-1
First edition
2017-03
Disc springs —
Part 1:
Calculation
Ressorts à disques —
Partie 1: Calcul
Reference number
ISO 19690-1:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017

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ISO 19690-1:2017(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
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ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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ISO 19690-1:2017(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and units . 1
5 Dimensions and designation . 3
5.1 General . 3
5.2 Disc spring groups . 3
5.3 Dimensional series . 4
6 Design formulae for springs . 4
6.1 General . 4
6.2 Test load . 4
6.3 Coefficients used in calculation . 4
6.4 Spring load . 5
6.5 Design stresses . 5
6.6 Spring rate . 6
6.7 Energy capacity of springs . 6
7 Load characteristics . 6
7.1 Load characteristics for a single disc spring . 6
7.1.1 Load/deflection curve . 6
7.1.2 Design and actual load characteristics. 7
7.2 Load characteristics for stacks of disc springs . 8
7.2.1 General. 8
7.2.2 Stacking in parallel . 8
7.2.3 Stacking in series . 9
7.2.4 Stacking in parallel and series.10
8 Design stresses .11
9 Types of loading .12
9.1 Static loading and moderate fatigue conditions .12
9.2 Dynamic loading .12
Bibliography .13
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO 19690-1:2017(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: w w w . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 227, Springs.
A list of all the parts in the ISO 19690 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19690-1:2017(E)
Disc springs —
Part 1:
Calculation
1 Scope
This document specifies design criteria and features of disc springs, whether as single disc springs or
as stacks of disc springs. It includes the definition of relevant concepts, as well as design formulae, and
covers the fatigue life of such springs.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16249, Springs — Symbols
ISO 26909, Springs — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 26909 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at www .electropedia .org
4 Symbols and units
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and units given in ISO 16249 and Table 1 apply.
© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved 1

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ISO 19690-1:2017(E)

Table 1 — Symbols and units for design calculation
Symbol Unit Parameter
C , C , C , C — coefficients
1 2 3 4
D mm external diameter of spring
D mm diameter of centre of rotation
0
d mm internal diameter of spring
modulus of elasticity of material
2 2
E N/mm (carbon steel and carbon alloy steel: 206 000 N/mm )
(other materials: respective modulus of elasticity of material )
F N spring load
F N design spring load when spring is in the flattened position
c
F N spring load at the time of combining springs
G
F N spring test load at H
t t
H mm height of spring when measuring spring load, H = H – 0,75 h
t t 0 0
H mm free height of spring
0
h mm initial cone height of springs without flat bearings, h = H – t
0 0 0
h , mm initial cone height of springs with flat bearings, h , = H – t
0 f 0 f 0 f
i — number of springs combined in series
k , k — coefficients
1 2
L mm free height at the time of combining springs
0
N — number of cycles for fatigue life
n — number of springs piled in parallel
OM — point at upper surface of the spring perpendicular to the centre line at point P
P — theoretical centre of rotation of disc cross section
R N/mm spring rate
r mm chamfer radius at edge
s mm deflection of spring
s mm deflection of stack
G
t mm thickness of spring
t mm reduced thickness of single disc spring with flat bearings
f
V mm length of lever arms
V mm length of lever arms with flat bearings
f
W N·mm energy capacity of springs
α — ratio of external diameter to internal diameter
ν — Poisson’s ratio of material
2
σ N/mm stress at position OM
OM
2
σ N/mm stress at position I
I
2
σ N/mm stress at position II
II
2
σ N/mm stress at position III
III
2
σ N/mm stress at position IV
IV
2
NOTE  N/mm = MPa
2 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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ISO 19690-1:2017(E)

5 Dimensions and designation
5.1 General
Figure 1 illustrates a single disc spring, including the relevant positions of loading.
a) Without flat bearings: group 1 and group 2
b) With flat bearings: group 3
Key
D external diameter of spring t thickness of spring
D diameter of centre of rotation V length of lever arms
0
d internal di
...

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