ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1

Information technology -- Smart City ICT reference framework

Technologies de l'information -- Cadre de référence des TIC dans les villes intelligentes

Standards Content (sample)

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1
ISO/IEC JTC 1 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2020-06-30 2020-09-22
Information technology — Smart City ICT reference
framework —
Part 1:
Smart city business process framework
ICS: 13.020.20; 35.240.99
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)
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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)
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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Smart city business process overview ........................................................................................................................................... 1

5 Smart city governance processes ........................................................................................................................................................ 3

5.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

5.2 Leadership .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3

5.3 Stakeholder Engagement and Citizen Focus ................................................................................................................. 4

5.4 Integrated Management .................................................................................................................................................................. 5

5.5 Sustainability and Resilience Management.................................................................................................................... 6

5.6 External Interface Management ............................................................................................................................................... 7

6 Smart city Core processes ........................................................................................................................................................................... 8

6.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

6.2 Smart Health, Social Care and Wellbeing ......................................................................................................................... 8

6.3 Smart Education and Research ................................................................................................................................................. 9

6.4 Smart Infrastructure and Buildings ...................................................................................................................................11

6.5 Integrated Transportation .........................................................................................................................................................12

6.6 Smart Resource management .................................................................................................................................................13

6.7 Environment ..........................................................................................................................................................................................13

6.8 Safety and Security ...........................................................................................................................................................................14

6.9 Economic Development ................................................................................................................................................................15

6.10 Culture and Entertainment........................................................................................................................................................16

6.11 Tourism.......................................................................................................................................................................................................17

7 Smart city Supporting processes ......................................................................................................................................................18

7.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................18

7.2 Smart City Enterprise Processes ..........................................................................................................................................18

7.3 Smart Legal and Regulatory Systems and Services ..............................................................................................20

7.4 Integrated Portfolio Management .......................................................................................................................................21

7.5 Open Innovation .................................................................................................................................................................................22

7.6 Knowledge Management .............................................................................................................................................................23

7.7 Integrated City Systems Engineering ................................................................................................................................24

8 Mapping the business processes of a smart city ...............................................................................................................26

8.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................26

8.2 The methodology ...............................................................................................................................................................................26

8.2.1 Stage 1 ....................................................................................................................................................................................26

8.2.2 Stage 2 ....................................................................................................................................................................................27

8.2.3 Stage 3 ....................................................................................................................................................................................27

Annex A (informative) Mapping the Business Processes onto ISO 37106 Processes ......................................28

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................32

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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/

iso/ foreword .html.

The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1 and was prepared by ISO/IEC JTC 1/

WG 11 on smart cities.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)
Introduction
0.1 General

The purpose of this international standard, Smart City ICT Reference Framework, is to assist city

Chief Information Officers (CIO) and other stakeholders in planning and implementing a Smart City. It

comprises the following three parts:
— Part 1: Smart City Business Process Framework
— Part 2: Smart City Knowledge Management Framework
— Part 3: Smart City Engineering Framework

Each of the three parts are aimed at a different role or viewpoint within the city and thus separate focus

needs to be maintained. The "separation of concerns" is a principle for the development of a city as it

uses ICT to deliver the vision and objectives for the city. The value of using the separation of concerns

is to simplify development and maintenance of the architecture as the city both develops and delivers

improved outcomes for the city stakeholders.
Figure 1 — Smart City ICT Reference Framework

Figure 1 shows the components of the smart city ICT reference framework which consist of 5

components: stakeholders, vision and outcomes, business process framework, knowledge management

framework, and engineering framework. While stakeholders, vision and outcomes, and the business

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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)

process framework are described in this document, the knowledge management framework and

engineering framework are described in part 2 and part 3 of ISO/IEC 30145 series respectively.

0.2 Stakeholders

The stakeholders served by the Smart City ICT Reference Framework are enterprises, citizens,

government organizations and non-government organizations. This stakeholder list is not exhaustive

but defines the key stakeholders in a Smart City and the user for the Smart City ICT reference framework.

0.3 Vision and Outcomes

The motivation of making a city smart is a result of a shared vision and a set of agreed outcomes from

all the city stakeholders. The vision and outcomes of the Smart City ICT Reference Framework are Well-

being, Transparency, Sustainability, Economic Development, Efficiency& Resilience, Collaboration and

Innovation. This vision and outcomes list is not exhaustive but defines the key vision and outcomes of

a Smart City. The Smart City ICT Reference Framework articulates a vision that the Smart City will be

transparent in the delivery of city services which meet city sustainability ambitions. This vision uses

collaboration and innovation approaches to deliver desired city outcomes. City outcomes are expected

to improve efficiency and resilience of city services and promote economic development activities

which enhance the well-being of citizens.
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)
Information technology — Smart City ICT reference
framework —
Part 1:
Smart city business process framework
1 Scope

This document specifies a generic Business Process Framework for a smart city focusing solely on smart

city specific processes. Generic business processes common between smart cities and commercial

organisations will be identified but not detailed.
2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content

constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For

undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO/IEC 33071, Information technology — Process assessment — An integrated process capability

assessment model for Enterprise processes
ISO/IEC 21841, Systems engineering - Taxonomy of systems of systems
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Smart city business process overview

The objectives of a Business Process Framework (adapted from TM Forum 2015) are to:

• Create a common language for use across departments, systems, external partners and suppliers,

reducing cost and risk of system implementation, integration and procurement

• Adopt a standard structure, terminology and classification scheme for business processes to

simplify internal operations and maximize opportunities to partner within and across industries

The aim of the Smart City Business Process Framework is to identify and describe the key business

processes required in a smart city and to provide a framework for individual cities to describe how

those processes are being carried out within their city.
This will:

• Allow cities to review how well their existing processes are designed to deliver the smart city

outcomes they are aiming for

• Allow business processes in different cities to be compared to enable best practices to be determined

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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)

• Provide a foundation to enable more detailed work to be undertaken on these business processes in

the future

The business processes in this document are only a fraction of all the business processes found in a

smart city. Only the most significant processes that make a city ‘smart’ have been included.

Given the complexity and considerable number of Smart City business processes, this framework:

• Focuses on what makes a city ‘smart’
• Uses a simple single layer architecture
• Uses an outcome-based approach to characterize business processes

The attempt has been made to use terminology that is standard in the Enterprise Architecture, Business

Process analysis and Systems Engineering domains.

A Smart City is an IT intensive System of Systems (SoS). At a very high level, it can be viewed as a set

of business processes that are integrated through the judicious use of sophisticated IT capabilities to

realize outcomes.

This document describes 21 Smart City Business Processes, divided into three types:

Governance Processes: This document describes five “horizontal” business processes that are the

driving force that govern and manage the capabilities of a smart city to produce the desired outcomes.

Core Processes: This document describes ten business processes used to manage the city systems in

an integrated way, to deliver a smart city.

Supporting Processes: This document describes six business processes required to enable the city

systems to be properly integrated. One of these, the Knowledge Management Process, describes the

business processes required to deliver the Knowledge Management Framework detailed in part 2 of

this document. Another, the Integrated Engineering Process, describes the business processes required

to deliver the Engineering framework detailed in part 3 of this document.
Figure 2 — Smart City Business Process Framework
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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)
5 Smart city governance processes
5.1 General
As mentioned in Clause 4, there are five processes under this category:
G1. Leadership
G2. Stakeholder Engagement and Citizen Focus
G3. Integrated Management
G4. Sustainability and Resilience Management
G5. External Interface Management
5.2 Leadership
Process ID G1
Process Name Leadership

The Smart City Leadership process provides a high-level overall view of a city. Taking

Brief advantage of the ability to collect and analyse big data, it provides the city leaders with

Description a clearer overall, longer-term view of the city, which they can use to provide better

management and governance of the city as a whole.

This enables the smart city leadership to bring together the work of different govern-

ment departments by using ICT technologies such as system engineering, big data
analysis, IOT technologies and systems, etc.
By doing so, the smart city leadership will be able to achieve the following:
Extended
Description
• Effective strategic planning for the city as a whole;
• Cooperation and collaboration across government departments;
• Improved and more efficient business processes.

The purpose of the Leadership process is to provide strategic direction and vision to

Process

the City, ensure the buy in by all stakeholders, allocate resources, monitor the imple-

Purpose
mentation of the vision, set policies and manage risks.
As a result of successful implementation of this process:
1. the City has a clear Smart City vision
2. this vision has been communicated to all city stakeholders
3. implementation of the vision is tracked and regularly assessed
Process
Outcomes
4. ICT related risks are assessed and managed

5. policies pertinent to ICT, including IoT, and ICT enabled services are elaborated and

deployed
6. improvement programs are endorsed and funded

there is an overall appointed transformation leader, working with a broad-based team

representing all stakeholders, driving the implementation of the smart city vision

Base
Practices

the city has set up a cross-silo funding and budget process to address collaborative

initiatives
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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)
G2. Stakeholder Engagement and Citizen Focus
G3. Integrated Management
Relationship
notes
G4. Sustainability and Resilience Management
G5. External Interface Management
Selected Work Products
Inputs Outputs
Requirements Analysis Smart City Strategic Plan
SWOT Analysis Smart City Implementation Project Portfolio
Technology Trends Analysis

Assessment of Technology requirements Smart City Technology Architecture Guidelines

Budget Allocation Funding requirements secured
5.3 Stakeholder Engagement and Citizen Focus
Process ID G2
Process Name Stakeholder Engagement and Citizen Focus
The Stakeholder Engagement and Citizen Focus Process provides a platform for the
Brief

exchange of ideas and for the sharing of information to make sure that the demands and

Description

ideas of citizens and other stakeholders are fully socialized, considered, and discussed.

The Stakeholder Engagement and Citizen Focus process enables the management

and future plans for city development to be focused around the citizen, taking into

account their requirements for city design, city functions, city services, etc to make

sure smart city projects fulfil the demand of citizens.
Extended

Description By using system engineering and system thinking, this process makes sure smart

city stakeholders are fully involved to minimize conflicts and unfilled requirements.

Feedback and monitoring system using social media such as electronic bulletin boards

or e-voting systems are used to enhance the stakeholder and citizen engagement.
The purpose of the Stakeholder Engagement and Citizen Focus process is to engage
Process

the citizens, community organizations and businesses in the process of making the

Purpose
city smarter and fulfil its vision.
As a result of successful implementation of this process:

• Citizen and stakeholders are easily able to find out about city plans and provide their

input and see evidence that their input affects the way the plans are carried out

• Additional Funding for smart city project is available from partners
Process
Outcomes
• Smart city projects are properly prioritized from the citizen perspective

• Smart city projects are implemented with the right functionality to meet the needs of

citizens

• Service process are successfully re-engineered to ensure citizen centric outcomes.

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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)

1. stakeholders, such as citizens, enterprises and non-governmental entities, are

consulted and involved in the development of the city strategy

2. there are effective mechanisms in place to capture citizen and customer input and to

provide feedback as to the actions taken in response.
Base
Practices

3. smart city services are designed around the identified needs of citizens and how they

wish to interact with the city

4. the city has collaboration and formalized partnerships with third parties, such as

universities, businesses and community organizations, to tackle city problems
G1. Leadership
G3. Integrated Management
Relationship
notes
G4. Sustainability and Resilience Management
G5. External Interface Management
Selected Work Products
Inputs Outputs
Online consultation systems and voting systems City services feedback acted on
online discussion lists Citizen satisfaction feedback acted on
Citizen satisfaction surveys
5.4 Integrated Management
Process ID G3
Process Name Integrated Management

By applying technologies such as big data analysis and data mining, etc. this process

Brief

provides a smart city with harmonious and holistic city management, which improves

Description
efficiency and provides significant added value.
By analysing a city’s existing management processes, and by taking advantage of
system engineering, the city management functions and processes can be analysed
Extended
and optimized to improve city functions or services.
Description

This will break the silos and provide added value through the analysis of big data,

data mining and other ICT technologies.

Process The purpose of the Integrated Management process is to create value by enabling

Purpose cross-functional activities and promoting a holistic approach to city management.

As a result of successful implementation of this process:

• The City managers and employees have access, in real time, to the data required for

their activities
Process
• value is created by implementing ICT enabled applications that use data from
Outcomes
multiple domains
• cross-functional services are deployed
• there is no ‘silo’ culture in the city
1. Sharing of data across functional boundaries and domain
Base
2. Democratization of data access within the city management and administration
Practices
3. Deployment of Big Data City Analytics solutions
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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)
G1. Leadership
G2. Stakeholder Engagement and Citizen Focus
Relationship
notes
G4. Sustainability and Resilience Management
G5. External Interface Management
Selected Work Products
Inputs Outputs
Data sharing policies Re-engineered and integrated business process
5.5 Sustainability and Resilience Management
Process ID G4.
Process Name Sustainability and Resilience Management

Brief Putting in place and implementing effective plans to ensure the sustainabilty and

Description resilience of the city

This ensures that the city’s carbon footprint, and vulnerabilities to major disasters

are thoroughly audited and that comprehensive, multi-stakeholder plans are put in

place to address these. This will include the identification and constant monitoring

Extended

of KPIs related to sustainability and resilience and the review of all plans in the light

Description
of the results.

New technologies and big data analysis are used to better assess and predict risk and

suggest effective ways to respond to, and recover, when disaster happens.

Process To ensure that the city plays its role in preserving a planet that provides for the needs

Purpose of future generations and that safeguards the city in the event of disaster

• Speedy progress towards the city becoming carbon neutral

• Clear behaviour changes by citizens and businesses to make their city more sustainable

Process • Speedy and effective response to emergencies by all agencies and residents

Outcomes

• availability targets are defined for all critical and non-critical services of the city and

these services are engineered accordingly
• the city has an ICT enabled disaster recovery plan that is regularly tested
1. The identification and monitoring of relevant KPIs
Base
2. Regular, cross agency reviews of progress with full citizen participation
Practices
3. Inclusion of key sustainability and resilience goals within all city plans
G1. Leadership
G2. Stakeholder Engagement and Citizen Focus
Relationship
notes
G3. Integrated Management
G5. External Interface Management
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ISO/IEC DIS 30145-1:2020(E)
Principal Work Products
Inputs Outputs
Sustainabilty and city carbon footprint audit City Sustainabilty Strategy
Sustainability and city carbon footprint targets set City Resilience Strategy
Resilience audit Planning guidelines re sustainabilty and resilience
Resilience targets set Implementation of a system of relevant KPI meas-
urement and evaluation
Emergency response plan
Emergency response system implemented
5.6 External Interface Management
Process ID G5
Process Name External Interface Management

Brief This process enables the city to interact with the wider city region, other cities and

Description better manage the flow of people, goods and supplies coming in and out of the city.

The city should be able to share data with agencies in the wider region to enable

better management of people and goods in and out of the city. Arrangements should

Extended

be in place to ensure that the city needs for energy, food, clean water etc can be met

Description
from the wider region. The city plans for transport and
...