Fine bubble technology — General principles for usage and measurement of fine bubbles — Part 4: Terminology related to microbubble beds

This document specifies the terminology related to dissolved air flotation (DAF) bubble bed and its characteristics in the dissolved air flotation process.

Technologie des fines bulles — Principes généraux pour l'utilisation et la mesure des fines bulles — Partie 4: Titre manque

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
18-Jan-2021
Current Stage
6060 - International Standard published
Start Date
19-Jan-2021
Due Date
19-Jun-2021
Completion Date
19-Jan-2021
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20480-4
First edition
2021-01
Fine bubble technology — General
principles for usage and measurement
of fine bubbles —
Part 4:
Terminology related to microbubble
beds
Reference number
ISO 20480-4:2021(E)
©
ISO 2021

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 20480-4:2021(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 20480-4:2021(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Bibliography . 5
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 20480-4:2021(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 281, Fine bubble technology.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
A list of all parts in the ISO 20304 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 20480-4:2021(E)

Introduction
The flotation process to separate the desired minerals from the gangue started over 2 000 years ago in
Ancient Greece. As the one of the flotation processes, dissolved air flotation (DAF) was used mainly in
applications in which the material to be removed, such as fat, oil, fibres and grease from water, initially.
In the late 1960s, however, the process also became acceptable for wastewater and potable water
[3]
treatment applications.
DAF has been used as an effective alternative to the more conventional separation process of sediments.
The sedimentation process removes particles by submerging them on the floor, while the DAF process
utilizes fine bubbles to float on water. Particles floating on the water surface are finally collected
through a scraper. Through DAF, low-density flocs can be removed using fine bubbles. Compared to
conventional sedimentation processes, DAF has the advantage of being an efficient process because of
[4]
high hydraulic loading rates.
There are various factors that affect the treatment efficiency of the DAF process, such as air saturation,
bubbles and particles size, coagulant, etc. Among them is the bubble bed. To increase the treatment
capacity, DAF has been developed as bubble bed become thicker by increasing in the depth of the
flotation basin.
NOTE A coagulant is a chemical that causes coagulation to increase particles size during water treatment
process.
Even though the characteristics of bubble bed influence on the removal efficiency of DAF process, it was
[6]
not possible to observe the bubble bed depth in full-scale DAF tanks until few years ago. Recently, new
theories and techniques were developed for measurement and evaluation of the bubble bed in full-scale
DAF tank. However, these technologies
...

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20480-4
First edition
Fine bubble technology — General
principles for usage and measurement
of fine bubbles —
Part 4:
Terminology related to microbubble
beds
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO 20480-4:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 20480-4:2020(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 20480-4:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
Bibliography . 5
© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 20480-4:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 281, Fine bubble technology.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
A list of all parts in the ISO 20304 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 20480-4:2020(E)

Introduction
The flotation process to separate the desired minerals from the gangue started over 2 000 years ago in
Ancient Greece. As the one of the flotation processes, dissolved air flotation (DAF) was used mainly in
applications in which the material to be removed, such as fat, oil, fibres and grease from water, initially.
In the late 1960s, however, the process also became acceptable for wastewater and potable water
[3]
treatment applications.
DAF has been used as an effective alternative to the more conventional separation process of sediments.
The sedimentation process removes particles by submerging them on the floor, while the DAF process
utilizes fine bubbles to float on water. Particles floating on the water surface are finally collected
through a scraper. Through DAF, low-density flocs can be removed using fine bubbles. Compared to
conventional sedimentation processes, DAF has the advantage of being an efficient process because of
[4]
high hydraulic loading rates.
There are various factors that affect the treatment efficiency of the DAF process, such as air saturation,
bubbles and particles size, coagulant, etc. Among them is the bubble bed. To increase the treatment
capacity, DAF has been developed as bubble bed become thicker by increasing in the depth of the
flotation basin.
NOTE A coagulant is a chemical that causes coagulation to increase particles size during water treatment
process.
Even though the characteristics of bubble bed influence on the removal efficiency of DAF process, it was
[6]
not possible to observe the bubble bed depth in full-scale DAF tanks until few years ago. Recently, new
theories and techniques were developed for measurement and evaluation of the bubble bed in full-scale
DAF tank. However, these technologies are not yet widely applied in
...

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