SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
(Main)Geographic information - Positioning services (ISO 19116:2019)
Geographic information - Positioning services (ISO 19116:2019)
This standard specifies the data structure and content of an interface that permits communication between position-providing device(s) and position-using device(s) enabling the position-using device(s) to obtain and unambiguously interpret position information and determine, based on a measure of the degree of reliability, whether the resulting position information meets the requirements of the intended use. A standardized interface for positioning allows the integration of reliable position information obtained from non-specific positioning technologies and is useful in various location-focused information applications, such as surveying, navigation, intelligent transportation systems (ITS), and location-based services (LBS).
Geoinformation - Positionierung (ISO 19116:2019)
Information géographique - Services de positionnement (ISO 19116:2019)
Le présent document indique la structure des données et le contenu d'une interface qui permet la communication entre un ou plusieurs dispositifs de mesure de position et un ou plusieurs dispositifs utilisant les données de position de sorte que ces derniers puissent obtenir et interpréter les informations de position sans ambiguïté et déterminer, en se fondant sur une mesure du degré de fiabilité, si les informations de position qui en résultent répondent aux exigences de l'utilisation prévue.
Une interface normalisée de positionnement permet l'intégration d'informations de position fiables obtenues à partir de technologies de positionnement non spécifiques et est utile dans diverses applications utilisant des informations ciblées géographiquement, comme l'arpentage, la navigation, les systèmes de transport intelligents (STI) et les services géoréférencés (LBS).
Geografske informacije - Lokacijske storitve (ISO 19116:2019)
Ta standard določa strukturo podatkov in vsebino vmesnika za komunikacijo med napravami, ki zagotavljajo položaj, in napravami, ki uporabljajo položaj. Omogoča, da naprave, ki uporabljajo položaj, pridobijo in nedvoumno razlagajo informacije o položaju ter na podlagi stopnje zanesljivosti določijo, ali pridobljena informacija o položaju ustreza zahtevam predvidene uporabe. Standardiziran vmesnik za določanje položaja omogoča integracijo zanesljivih informacij o položaju, pridobljenih iz nespecifičnih tehnologij za pozicioniranje in je uporaben za različne lokacijsko usmerjene vrste uporabe informacij, kot so opazovanje, navigacija, inteligentni transportni sistemi (ITS) in lokacijske storitve (LBS).
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
01-marec-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 19116:2006
Geografske informacije - Lokacijske storitve (ISO 19116:2019)
Geographic information - Positioning services (ISO 19116:2019)
Geoinformation - Positionierung (ISO 19116:2019)
Information géographique - Services de positionnement (ISO 19116:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 19116:2019
ICS:
07.040 Astronomija. Geodezija. Astronomy. Geodesy.
Geografija Geography
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
SIST EN ISO 19116:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
EN ISO 19116
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 35.240.70 Supersedes EN ISO 19116:2006
English Version
Geographic information - Positioning services (ISO
19116:2019)
Information géographique - Services de Geoinformation - Positionierung (ISO 19116:2019)
positionnement (ISO 19116:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 July 2019.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 19116:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
EN ISO 19116:2019 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
EN ISO 19116:2019 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 19116:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211
"Geographic information/Geomatics" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 287
“Geographic Information” the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2020, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 19116:2006.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 19116:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 19116:2019 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19116
Second edition
2019-12
Geographic information — Positioning
services
Information géographique — Services de positionnement
Reference number
ISO 19116:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
ISO 19116:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
ISO 19116:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols, abbreviated terms, backwards compatibility, UML notation, and packages .6
4.1 Symbols and abbreviated terms. 6
4.2 Backwards compatibility . . 7
4.3 UML notation . 7
4.4 UML packages . 7
5 Conformance . 8
5.1 Overview . 8
5.2 Conformance requirements . 8
5.3 Structure of requirements clauses . 8
6 Positioning services model . 9
6.1 Overview . 9
6.2 Static data structures of a positioning service . 9
6.3 Basic and extended information from a positioning service .11
7 Basic information definition and description .12
7.1 Overview .12
7.2 System information .13
7.2.1 Overview .13
7.2.2 PS_System .14
7.2.3 System capability .14
7.2.4 Positioning technology .15
7.2.5 Referencing method .15
7.2.6 Instrument identification .16
7.3 Session .16
7.3.1 Overview .16
7.3.2 PS_Session.17
7.4 Observation information .18
7.4.1 Overview .18
7.4.2 PS_ObservationMode .19
7.4.3 PS_LinkToReferenceSystem .22
7.4.4 PS_MeasurementType .22
7.4.5 Observation .22
7.4.6 Coordinate transfer (offset) values .24
7.4.7 Offset vector .26
7.4.8 PS_OffsetSourceType .26
7.5 Quality information .27
7.5.1 Overview .27
7.5.2 PS_QualityMode .29
7.6 Positioning services operations .30
7.6.1 Definition of positioning services operations .30
7.6.2 Requirements for positioning service operations.30
7.6.3 Applying the positioning services operations .32
8 Reliability of positioning results .33
8.1 Overview .33
8.2 Reliability model.33
9 Technology-specific information .35
9.1 Overview .35
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
ISO 19116:2019(E)
9.2 Operating conditions .35
9.2.1 PS_OperatingConditions .36
9.2.2 PS_ComputationalConditions .36
9.2.3 PS_PositionFixMode .37
9.2.4 PS_PositioningMode .37
9.2.5 PS_ProcessingMode .37
9.2.6 Performance indicators.38
9.2.7 Measurement conditions .38
9.3 Raw measurement data .38
Annex A (normative) Conformance .39
Annex B (informative) Implementing accuracy reports for positioning services .42
Annex C (informative) Overview of positioning services .46
Annex D (informative) GNSS operating conditions .48
Annex E (informative) Reliability evaluation methods .53
Annex F (informative) Examples for extending positioning service results .59
Annex G (informative) Use case examples .60
Bibliography .63
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
ISO 19116:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 19116:2004), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows.
— Device specific definitions have been removed from the model and normative body of the document.
These have been clarified and reformatted in Annex D.
— Constructs from withdrawn standards ISO 19113, ISO 19114, and ISO 19115 have been updated
where necessary to ISO 19115-1 and ISO 19157. References to these new standards are carried out
using approved methods.
— Terminology entries from the first edition were updated and harmonized with other current
standards in ISO/TC 211. As per ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, 2018, unused terms have been removed
from this edition.
— Constructs from ISO 19111 have been updated. References to the revised ISO 19111:2019 document
are carried out using approved methods.
— A new, convenient yet unobtrusive, set of constructs for determining the reliability of a positioning
result have been added to the model, in Clause 8.
— Based on the concepts related to the model, conformance with the other standards, and separation
of the technology specific content from the abstract model, all UML models have been updated.
— Original requirements “drafted as normative shall statements” were rechecked for consistency
with the model. Where necessary the requirements were revised or retained as regular text.
— Significant editorial revisions have been carried out, clarifying the structure of the document,
correction of errors, and following current ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 for drafting specifications.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
ISO 19116:2019(E)
In accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, 2018, Rules for the structure and drafting of
International Standards, in International Standards the decimal sign is a comma on the line. However,
the General Conference on Weights and Measures (Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures) at its
meeting in 2003 passed unanimously the following resolution:
“The decimal marker shall be either a point on the line or a comma on the line.”
In practice, the choice between these alternatives depends on customary use in the language concerned.
In the technical areas of geodesy and geographic information it is customary for the decimal point
always to be used, for all languages. That practice is used throughout this document.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
vi © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
ISO 19116:2019(E)
Introduction
Positioning services are among the processing services identified in ISO 19119:2016. Processing
services include services that are computationally oriented and operate upon the elements from the
model domain, rather than being directly integrated in the model domain itself. This document defines
and describes the positioning service.
Positioning services employ a wide variety of technologies that provide position and related information
to a similarly wide variety of applications, as depicted in Figure 1. Although these technologies differ in
many respects, there are important items of information that are common among them and serve the
needs of these application areas, such as the position data, time of observation and its accuracy. Also,
there are items of information that apply only to specific technologies and are sometimes required in
order to make correct use of the positioning results, such as signal strength, geometry factors, and raw
measurements. Therefore, this document includes both general data elements that are applicable to a
wide variety of positioning services and technology specific elements that are relevant to particular
technologies.
Figure 1 — Positioning services overview
Electronic positioning technology can measure the coordinates of a location on or near the Earth with
great speed and accuracy, thereby allowing geographic information systems to be populated with
any number of objects. However, the technologies for position determination have neither a common
structure for expression of position information, nor common structures for expression of accuracy
and reliability. The positioning services interface specified in this document provides data structures
and operations that allow spatially oriented systems to employ positioning technologies with greater
efficiency and interoperability.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved vii
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19116:2019(E)
Geographic information — Positioning services
1 Scope
This document specifies the data structure and content of an interface that permits communication
between position-providing device(s) and position-using device(s) enabling the position-using device(s)
to obtain and unambiguously interpret position information and determine, based on a measure of
the degree of reliability, whether the resulting position information meets the requirements of the
intended use.
A standardized interface for positioning allows the integration of reliable position information obtained
from non-specific positioning technologies and is useful in various location-focused information
applications, such as surveying, navigation, intelligent transportation systems (ITS), and location-
based services (LBS).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 19103, Geographic information — Conceptual schema language
ISO 19107, Geographic information — Spatial schema
ISO 19111, Geographic information — Referencing by coordinates
ISO 19115-1, Geographic information — Metadata — Part 1: Fundamentals
ISO 19157, Geographic information — Data quality
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
absolute accuracy
external accuracy
closeness of reported coordinate values to values accepted as or being true
Note 1 to entry: Where the true coordinate value may not be perfectly known, accuracy is normally tested by
comparison to available values that can best be accepted as true.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 19159-2:2016, 4.1 modified — NOTES 1 and 2 have been deleted and replaced by a
new Note 1 to entry.]
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
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SIST EN ISO 19116:2020
ISO 19116:2019(E)
3.2
accuracy
closeness of agreement between a test result or measurement result and the true value
Note 1 to entry: For positioning services, the test result is a measured value or set of values.
[SOURCE: ISO 3534-2:2006, 3.3.1, modified — NOTES 1, 2 and 3 have been deleted and replaced by a
new Note 1 to entry.]
3.3
attitude
orientation of a body, described by the angles between the axes of that body’s coordinate system and
the axes of an external coordinate system
Note 1 to entry: In positioning services, this is usually the orientation of the user’s platform, such as an aircraft,
boat, or automobile.
3.4
coordinate
one of a sequence of numbers designating the position of a point
Note 1 to entry: In a spatial coordinate reference system, the coordinate numbers are qualified by units.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.5]
3.5
coordinate conversion
coordinate operation that changes coordinates in a source coordinate reference system to coordinates
in a target coordinate reference system in which both coordinate reference systems are based on the
same datum
Note 1 to entry: A coordinate conversion uses parameters which have specified values.
EXAMPLE 1 A mapping of ellipsoidal coordinates to Cartesian coordinates using a map projection.
EXAMPLE 2 Change of units such as from radians to degrees or from feet to metres.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.6]
3.6
coordinate operation
process using a mathematical model, based on a one-to-one relationship, that changes coordinates in
a source coordinate reference system to coordinates in a target coordinate reference system, or that
changes coordinates at a source coordinate epoch to coordinates at a target coordinate epoch within
the same coordinate reference system
[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.8]
3.7
coordinate reference system
coordinate system that is related to an object by a datum
Note 1 to entry: Geodetic and vertical datums are referred to as reference frames.
Note 2 to entry: For geodetic and vertical reference frames, the object will be the Earth. In planetary applications,
geodetic and vertical reference frames may be applied to other celestial bodies.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111:2019, 3.1.9]
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 19116:2019
01-marec-2019
Geografske informacije - Lokacijske storitve (ISO/DIS 19116:2019)
Geographic information - Positioning services (ISO/DIS 19116:2019)
Geoinformation - Positionierung (ISO/DIS 19116:2019)
Information géographique - Services de positionnement (ISO/DIS 19116:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 19116
ICS:
07.040 Astronomija. Geodezija. Astronomy. Geodesy.
Geografija Geography
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
oSIST prEN ISO 19116:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN ISO 19116:2019
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oSIST prEN ISO 19116:2019
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 19116
ISO/TC 211 Secretariat: SIS
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2019-01-08 2019-04-02
Geographic information — Positioning services
Information géographique — Services de positionnement
ICS: 35.240.70
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 19116:2019(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
©
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2019
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oSIST prEN ISO 19116:2019
ISO/DIS 19116:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 19116:2019
ISO/DIS 19116:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols, abbreviations, backwards compatibility, UML notation, and packages .6
4.1 Symbols and abbreviated terms. 6
4.2 Backwards compatibility . . 7
4.3 UML Notation . 7
4.4 UML packages . 7
5 Conformance . 8
5.1 Overview . 8
5.2 Conformance requirements . 8
5.3 Structure of requirements clauses . 8
6 Positioning services model . 9
6.1 Overview . 9
6.2 Static data structures of positioning service . 9
6.3 Basic and extended information from a positioning service .11
7 Basic information definition and description .12
7.1 Overview .12
7.2 System Information .13
7.2.1 Overview .13
7.2.2 PS_System .14
7.2.3 System capability .14
7.2.4 Positioning technology .15
7.2.5 Referencing method .15
7.2.6 Instrument identification .16
7.3 Session .16
7.3.1 Overview .16
7.3.2 PS_Session.17
7.4 Observation information .18
7.4.1 Overview .18
7.4.2 PS_ObservationMode .19
7.4.3 PS_LinkToReferenceSystem .22
7.4.4 PS_MeasurementType .22
7.4.5 Observation .22
7.4.6 Coordinate transfer (offset) values .24
7.4.7 Offset vector .25
7.4.8 PS_OffsetSource .26
7.5 Quality information .26
7.5.1 Overview .26
7.5.2 PS_QualityMode .28
7.6 Positioning services operations .29
7.6.1 Definition of positioning services operations .29
7.6.2 Requirements for positioning service operations.29
7.6.3 Applying the positioning services operations .32
8 Reliability of positioning results .32
8.1 Overview .32
8.2 Reliability model.32
9 Technology-specific information .34
9.1 Overview .34
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 19116:2019
ISO/DIS 19116:2019(E)
9.2 Operating conditions .35
9.2.1 PS_OperatingConditions .35
9.2.2 PS_ComputationalConditions .36
9.2.3 PS_PositionFixMode .36
9.2.4 PS_PositioningMode .36
9.2.5 PS_ProcessingMode .37
9.2.6 Performance indicators.37
9.2.7 Measurement conditions .37
9.3 Raw measurement data .38
Annex A (normative) Conformance .39
Annex B (informative) Implementing accuracy reports for positioning services .42
Annex C (informative) Overview of Positioning Services .46
Annex D (informative) GNSS operating conditions .48
Annex E (informative) Reliability evaluation methods .53
Annex F (informative) Examples for extending positioning service results .59
Annex G Use case examples .60
Bibliography .63
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 19116:2019
ISO/DIS 19116:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 19116:2004), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— Device specific definitions have been removed from the model and normative body of the document.
These have been clarified and reformatted in Annex D.
— Constructs from withdrawn standards ISO 19113, ISO 19114, and ISO 19115 have been updated
where necessary to ISO 19115-1 and ISO 19157. References to these new standards are carried out
using approved methods.
— Terminology entries from the first edition were updated and harmonized with other current
standards in ISO/TC 211. As per ISO Directives, Part 2, 2018, unused terms have been removed from
this edition.
— Constructs from ISO 19111 have been updated. References to the revised 19111:2018 document are
carried out using approved methods.
— A new, convenient yet unobtrusive, set of constructs for determining the reliability of a positioning
result have been added to the model, in Clause 8.
— Based on the concepts related to the model, conformance with the other standards, and separation
of the technology specific content from the abstract model, all UML models have been updated and,
following the requirement of ISO/TC 211 Resolution 777, current draft versions were made available
in the Harmonized Model for examination by the members from the start of the CD ballot period.
— Original requirements “drafted as normative shall statements” were rechecked for consistency
with the model. Where necessary the requirements were revised or retained as regular text.
— Significant editorial revisions have been carried out, clarifying the structure of the document,
correction of errors, and following current ISO/IEC directives for drafting specifications.
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Introduction
Positioning services are among the processing services identified in ISO 19119:2016. Processing
services include services that are computationally oriented and operate upon the elements from the
model domain, rather than being directly integrated in the model domain itself. This document defines
and describes the positioning service.
Positioning services employ a wide variety of technologies that provide position and related information
to a similarly wide variety of applications, as depicted in Figure 1. Although these technologies differ in
many respects, there are important items of information that are common among them and serve the
needs of these application areas, such as the position data, time of observation and its accuracy. Also,
there are items of information that apply only to specific technologies and are sometimes required in
order to make correct use of the positioning results, such as signal strength, geometry factors, and raw
measurements. Therefore, this document includes both general data elements that are applicable to a
wide variety of positioning services and technology specific elements that are relevant to particular
technologies.
Figure 1 — Positioning services overview
Electronic positioning technology can measure the coordinates of a location on or near the Earth with
great speed and accuracy, thereby allowing geographic information systems to be populated with
any number of objects. However, the technologies for position determination have neither a common
structure for expression of position information, nor common structures for expression of accuracy
and reliability. The positioning services interface specified in this document provides data structures
and operations that allow spatially oriented systems to employ positioning technologies with greater
efficiency and interoperability.
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DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 19116:2019(E)
Geographic information — Positioning services
1 Scope
This document specifies the data structure and content of an interface that permits communication
between position-providing device(s) and position-using device(s) enabling the position-using device(s)
to obtain and unambiguously interpret position information and determine, based on a measure of
the degree of reliability, whether the resulting position information meets the requirements of the
intended use.
A standardized interface for positioning will allow the integration of reliable position information
obtained from non-specific positioning technologies and will be useful in various location-focused
information applications, such as surveying, navigation, intelligent transportation systems (ITS), and
location-based services (LBS).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some, or all, of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 80000-1, Quantities and units — Part 1: General
ISO 19103, Geographic information — Conceptual schema language
1)
ISO/DIS 19111 , Geographic information — Referencing by coordinates
ISO 19115-1, Geographic information — Metadata — Part 1: Fundamentals
ISO 19157, Geographic information — Data quality
2)
ISO/DIS 19107 , Geographic information — Spatial Schema
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http: //www .iso .org/obp
3.1
absolute accuracy
external accuracy
closeness of reported coordinate values to values accepted as or being true
Note 1 to entry: Where the true coordinate value may not be perfectly known, accuracy is normally tested by
comparison to available values that can best be accepted as true.
[SOURCE: ISO 19157:2013, 7.3.4]
1) In revision (will use final publication version).
2) In revision (will use final publication version depending on publishing schedule).
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3.2
accuracy
closeness of agreement between a test result or measurement result and the true value
Note 1 to entry: For positioning services, the test result is a measured value or set of values.
[SOURCE: ISO 3534-2:2006, 3.3.1, modified – The original Note 1 to entry has been deleted. A new Note
1 to entry has been added.]
3.3
attitude
orientation of a body, described by the angles between the axes of that body’s coordinate system and
the axes of an external coordinate system
Note 1 to entry: In positioning services, this is usually the orientation of the user’s platform, such as an aircraft,
boat, or automobile.
3.4
coordinate
one of a sequence of numbers designating the position of a point
Note 1 to entry: In a spatial coordinate reference system, the coordinate numbers are qualified by units.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111, 3.1.5]
3.5
coordinate conversion
coordinate operation that changes coordinates in a source coordinate reference system to coordinates
in a target coordinate reference system in which both coordinate reference systems are based on the
same datum
Note 1 to entry: A coordinate conversion uses parameters which have specified values.
EXAMPLE 1 A mapping of ellipsoidal coordinates to Cartesian coordinates using a map projection.
EXAMPLE 2 Change of units such as from radians to degrees or from feet to metres.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111, 3.1.6]
3.6
coordinate operation
process using a mathematical model, based on a one-to-one relationship, that changes coordinates in
a source coordinate reference system to coordinates in a target coordinate reference system, or that
changes coordinates at a source coordinate epoch to coordinates at a target coordinate epoch within
the same coordinate reference system
[SOURCE: ISO 19111, 3.1.8]
3.7
coordinate reference system
coordinate system that is related to an object by a datum
Note 1 to entry: Geodetic and vertical datums are referred to as reference frames.
Note 2 to entry: For geodetic and vertical reference frames, the object will be the Earth. In planetary applications,
geodetic and vertical reference frames may be applied to other celestial bodies.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111, 3.1.9]
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3.8
coordinate system
set of mathematical rules for specifying how coordinates are to be assigned to points
[SOURCE: ISO 19111, 3.1.11]
3.9
coordinate transformation
coordinate operation that changes coordinates in a source coordinate reference system to coordinates
in a target coordinate reference system in which the source and target coordinate reference systems
are based on different datums
Note 1 to entry: A coordinate transformation uses parameters which are derived empirically. Any error in those
coordinates will be embedded in the coordinate transformation and when the coordinate transformation is
applied the embedded errors are transmitted to output coordinates.
Note 2 to entry: A coordinate transformation is colloquially sometimes referred to as a 'datum transformation'.
This is erroneous. A coordinate transformation changes coordinate values. It does not change the definition
of the datum. In this document coordinates are referenced to a coordinate reference system. A coordinate
transformation operates between two coordinate reference systems, not between two datums.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111, 3.1.12]
3.10
datum
reference frame
parameter or set of parameters that realize the position of the origin, the scale, and the orientation of a
coordinate system
[SOURCE: ISO 19111, 3.1.15]
3.11
geodetic reference frame
reference frame or datum describing the relationship of a two- or three-dimensional coordinate system
to the Earth
Note 1 to entry: In the data model described in ISO 19111, the UML class GeodeticReferenceFrame includes both
modern terrestrial reference frames and classical geodetic datums.
[SOURCE: ISO 19111, 3.1.34, note 1 modified]
3.12
height
distance of a point from a chosen reference surface positive upward along a line perpendicular to
that surface
Note 1 to entry: A height below the reference surface will have a negative value.
Note 2 to entry: Generalisation of ellipsoidal height (h) and gravity-related height (H).
[SOURCE: ISO 19111, 3.1.38]
3.13
inertial positioning system
positioning system employing accelerometers, gyroscopes, and computers as integral components to
determine coordinates of points or objects relative to an initial known reference point
3.14
instant
0-dimensional geometric primitive representing position in time
Note 1 to entry: The geometry of time is discussed in ISO 19108;2002, 5.2.
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[SOURCE: ISO 19108;2002, 4.1.17]
3.15
integrated positioning system
positioning system incorporating two or more positioning technologies
Note 1 to entry: The measurements produced by each positioning technology in an integrated system may be of
any position, motion, or attitude. There may be redundant measurements. When combined, a unified position,
motion, or attitude is determined.
3.16
linear positioning system
positioning system that measures distance from a reference point along a route (feature)
EXAMPLE An odometer used in conjunction with predefined mile or kilometre origin points along a route
and provides a linear reference to a position.
3.17
map projection
coordinate conversion from an ellipsoidal coordinate system to a plane
[SOURCE: ISO 19111, 3.1.40]
3.18
measurement precision
precision
closeness of agreement between indications or measured quantity values obtained by replicate
measurements on the same or similar objects under specified conditions
Note 1 to entry: Measurement precision is usually expressed numerically by measures of imprecision, such as
standard deviation, var
...
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