Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item

This European Standard specifies a method of test for determining the reaction to fire performance of construction products excluding floorings, and excluding products which are indicated in Table 1 of EC Decision 2000/147/EC, when exposed to thermal attack by a single burning item (SBI). The calculation procedures are given in Annex A. Information on the precision of the test method is given in Annex B. The calibration procedures are given in Annexes C and D, of which C is a normative annex.
NOTE   This European Standard has been developed to determine the reaction to fire performance of essentially flat products. The treatment of some families of products, e.g. linear products (pipes, ducts, cables etc.), can need special rules.

Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten - Thermische Beanspruchung durch einen einzelnen brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit Ausnahme von Bodenbelägen

Dieses Dokument legt ein Prüfverfahren zur Bestimmung des Brandverhaltens von Bauprodukten bei thermischer Beanspruchung durch einen einzelnen brennenden Gegenstand (SBI: "Single Burning Item"), ausgenommen Bodenbeläge sowie Bauprodukte, die in Tabelle 1 der Entscheidung der Europäischen Kommission 2000/147/EG aufgeführt sind, fest. Die Berechnungsverfahren sind in Anhang A angegeben. Informationen zur Genauigkeit des Prüfverfahrens sind in Anhang B angegeben. Die Kalibrier¬verfahren sind in Anhang C und Anhang D angegeben, wobei Anhang C normativ ist.
ANMERKUNG   Dieses Dokument wurde erstellt, um das Brandverhalten von im Wesentlichen ebenen Bauprodukten zu bestimmen. Die Behandlung von einigen Produktfamilien, wie Rohre, Lüftungsleitungen, Kabel usw. kann besondere Regeln erfordern.

Essais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Produits de construction à l'exclusion des revêtements de sol exposés à une sollicitation thermique provoquée par un objet isolé en feu

Le présent document définit une méthode d’essai de détermination de la performance de réaction au feu des produits de construction, à l’exception des revêtements de sol et des produits figurant dans le Tableau 1 de la Décision CE 2000/147/CE, exposés à la sollicitation thermique provoquée par un « Single Burning Item » (SBI) (Objet Isolé en Feu) (OIF). Les méthodes de calcul sont fournies à l’Annexe A. Des informations relatives à la précision de la méthode d’essai sont données à l’Annexe B. Les méthodes d’étalonnage figurent dans les Annexes C et D, l’Annexe C étant normative.
NOTE   Le présent document a été élaboré pour déterminer la performance de réaction au feu de produits essentiellement plats. Le traitement de quelques familles de produits linéaires (tubes, conduits, câbles, etc.) peut nécessiter des règles particulières.

Preskusi odziva gradbenih proizvodov na ogenj - Gradbeni proizvodi razen talnih oblog, izpostavljeni toplotnemu delovanju enega samega gorečega predmeta

General Information

Status
Published
Public Enquiry End Date
19-Feb-2019
Publication Date
18-Jun-2020
Technical Committee
Current Stage
6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
Start Date
01-Jun-2020
Due Date
06-Aug-2020
Completion Date
19-Jun-2020

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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13823:2020
01-julij-2020
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13823:2011+A1:2015
Preskusi odziva gradbenih proizvodov na ogenj - Gradbeni proizvodi razen talnih
oblog, izpostavljeni toplotnemu delovanju enega samega gorečega predmeta
Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings
exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten - Thermische Beanspruchung durch
einen einzelnen brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit Ausnahme von
Bodenbelägen
Essais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Produits de construction à
l'exclusion des revêtements de sol exposés à une sollicitation thermique provoquée par
un objet isolé en feu
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13823:2020
ICS:
13.220.50 Požarna odpornost Fire-resistance of building
gradbenih materialov in materials and elements
elementov
91.060.01 Stavbni elementi na splošno Elements of buildings in
general
91.100.01 Gradbeni materiali na Construction materials in
splošno general
SIST EN 13823:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 13823:2020

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN 13823:2020


EN 13823
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

May 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.220.50; 91.060.01; 91.100.01 Supersedes EN 13823:2010+A1:2014
English Version

Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building
products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack
by a single burning item
Essais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten -
Produits de construction à l'exclusion des revêtements Thermische Beanspruchung durch einen einzelnen
de sol exposés à une sollicitation thermique provoquée brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit
par un objet isolé en feu Ausnahme von Bodenbelägen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 February 2020.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13823:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Test facility . 9
4.1 General . 9
4.2 Test room . 9
4.3 Materials . 10
4.4 Test apparatus . 11
4.5 Smoke exhaust system . 13
4.6 General measurement section equipment . 13
4.7 Other general equipment . 14
5 Test specimen . 15
5.1 Dimensions of specimen . 15
5.2 Mounting of specimen . 16
5.3 Installation of the specimen wings in the trolley . 18
5.4 Number of specimens . 19
6 Conditioning . 19
7 Principle . 19
8 Test procedure . 20
8.1 General . 20
8.2 Testing operations . 20
8.3 Visual observation and manual recording of data . 21
8.4 Automated recording of data . 23
8.5 Early termination of test . 24
9 Expression of results . 24
10 Test report . 25
Annex A (normative) Calculation procedures . 26
A.1 General . 26
A.1.1 General remarks . 26
A.1.2 Calculations to be performed on the test data . 27
A.1.3 Calculations to be performed on calibration data. 27
A.1.4 Standard data set . 27
A.2 Synchronization of data . 27
A.3 Checking equipment response . 29
A.3.1 Temperature readings . 29
A.3.2 Drift in gas concentration measurement . 29
A.3.3 Drift in light attenuation measurement . 29
2

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
A.4 Exposure period . 30
A.5 Heat output . 30
A.5.1 Calculation of heat release rate (HRR) . 30
A.5.2 Calculation of THR(t) and THR . 34
600s
A.5.3 Calculation of FIGRA and FIGRA (fire growth rate indices) . 34
0,2MJ 0,4MJ
A.6 Smoke production . 35
A.6.1 Calculation of smoke production rate (SPR) . 35
A.6.2 Calculation of TSP(t) and TSP . 38
600s
A.6.3 Calculation of SMOGRA (smoke growth rate index) . 39
A.7 Calculations for calibrations – Propane heat release . 40
Annex B (informative) Precision of test method. 41
B.1 General remarks and results . 41
B.2 Calculation of test results . 42
B.3 Statistical analysis. 43
B.4 Statistical results . 43
Annex C (normative) Calibration procedures . 50
C.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment . 50
C.1.1 General . 50
C.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment . 50
C.1.3 Oxygen analyser output noise and drift . 50
C.1.4 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment . 51
C.1.5 Light system calibration . 51
C.2 System response calibrations . 52
C.2.1 Burner switch response time . 52
C.2.2 Burner heat output step calibration . 54
C.2.3 Heptane calibration . 57
C.2.4 Velocity profile factor k . 59
t,v
C.2.5 Flow factor k . 61
t
Annex D (informative) Calibration procedures . 62
D.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment . 62
D.1.1 General . 62
D.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment . 62
D.1.3 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment . 62
D.1.4 Check of propane mass flow controller . 63
D.1.5 Optical filter check . 63
D.2 Check of the thermal attack on the specimens . 64
D.2.1 General . 64
3

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
D.2.2 Procedure . 64
Annex E (normative) Design drawings . 65
Annex F (informative) Data file format .100
Annex G (informative) Record sheet .103
Bibliography .104

4

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 13823:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire
safety in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2020, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2020.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN 13823:2010+A1:2014.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
5

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
Introduction
The classification of the reaction to fire performance of construction products established by
Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/364 defines the reaction to fire classes for building products
excluding floorings. The relevant test methods for determining the reaction to fire are being
prepared by CEN/TC 127.
Safety warning
The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out the tests described in this
document is drawn to the fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that toxic and/or harmful
smoke and gases can be produced during the test.
An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety precautions
should be identified and provided. Smoke and gases should be removed from the workplace.
Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training should be given to relevant
personnel. Laboratory personnel should ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all
times.
Special precautions are required for the propane gas supply system.
— The equipment, for example tubes, couplings, flow meters, should be approved for propane.
— The burner should be equipped with a remote-controlled ignition device, for example a pilot
flame or a glow wire. There should be a warning system for leaking gas and a valve for
immediate and automatic cut-off of the gas supply in case of extinction of the ignition flame.
The pilot flames can be ignited directly by an operator in the test room, however, no one
should be present in the test room during ignition of a burner.
— It should be possible to operate the switch between auxiliary and main (primary) burner and
the preceding main valve (to open or stop the propane supply) from outside the test room.
Special precautions are required for the extinction of burning specimens.
When the extinction is carried out because of intensive combustion of the specimens, it is
recommended that a second operator is ready to intervene. Means for extinguishing should be
available (e.g. since the heat output during intensive combustion can damage the apparatus).
6

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies a method of test for determining the reaction to fire performance of
construction products excluding floorings, and excluding products which are indicated in
Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/364, when exposed to thermal attack by a single burning item
(SBI). The calculation procedures are given in Annex A. Information on the precision of the test
method is given in Annex B. The calibration procedures are given in Annexes C and D, of which
Annex C is a normative annex.
NOTE This document has been developed to determine the reaction to fire performance of essentially
flat products. The treatment of some families of products, e.g. linear products (pipes, ducts, cables etc.), can
need special rules.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN 13238, Reaction to fire tests for building products - Conditioning procedures and general rules
for selection of substrates
EN 13501-1:2018, Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1:
Classification using data from reaction to fire tests
EN 60584-1:2013, Thermocouples — Part 1: EMF specifications and tolerances
EN ISO 13943:2017, Fire safety — Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2017)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 13943:2017 and
EN 13501-1:2018 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/ui
3.1
backing board
calcium silicate panel used to back the specimen that can be placed directly against a free-
standing test specimen or at a distance from it
3.2
specimen
piece of a product, which is to be tested
Note 1 to entry: This can include the mounting technique used in its end-use application. This also can
include an air gap and/or a substrate where appropriate.
7

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
3.3
substrate
product which is used immediately beneath the product about which information is required
3.4
THR
600s
total heat release from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main (primary) burner
flames
3.5
LFS
lateral flame spread on the long specimen wing
Note 1 to entry: The LFS is defined in more detail in 8.3.3.
3.6
TSP
600s
total smoke production from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main (primary)
burner flames
3.7
FIGRA
0,2 MJ
fire growth rate index
maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence
using a THR-threshold of 0,2 MJ
Note 1 to entry: The FIGRA is described in more detail in A.5.3.
0,2 MJ
3.8
FIGRA
0,4 MJ
fire growth rate index
maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence
using a THR threshold of 0,4 MJ
Note 1 to entry: The FIGRA is described in more detail in A.5.3.
0,4 MJ
3.9
SMOGRA
smoke growth rate index
maximum of the quotient of smoke production rate from the specimen and the time of its
occurrence
Note 1 to entry: The SMOGRA is described in more detail in A.6.3.
3.10
sustained flaming
persistence of flame on or over a surface for a minimum period of time
[SOURCE: EN ISO 13943:2017]
8

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
4 Test facility
4.1 General
The SBI test facility shall consist of a test room, the test apparatus (trolley, frame, burners, hood,
collector and ducting), the smoke exhaust system and general measuring equipment. These
components are specified in 4.2 to 4.7. Design drawings are given in Annex E. Dimensions given
in the drawings are nominal unless tolerances are given in the text.
The air supply to the test room entering below the trolley should be fresh, uncontaminated air.
4.2 Test room
4.2.1 The test room shall have an inner height of (2,4 ± 0,05) m and an inner floor area of
(3,0 ± 0,05) m in both directions. The walls shall be made of stone type building blocks (e.g.
cellular concrete), gypsum boards, calcium silicate boards or other boards classified as class A1
or A2.
4.2.2 One wall of the test room shall have an opening to insert the trolley from the surrounding
laboratory into the test room. The opening shall be at least 1 470 mm wide and 2 450 mm high
(dimensions of the frame). Windows shall be placed in the two walls facing the front side of the
two perpendicular specimen planes. To be able to handle the SBI apparatus and the specimen
when the trolley is in place, an additional door is needed.
4.2.3 With the trolley in place in the test room, the distance between the long wing specimen
surface touching the U-profile and the wall of the test room shall be (2,1 ± 0,05) m. This distance
shall be measured perpendicularly to the wall facing the long wing. The areas of the openings in
the test room, excluding the air inlet at the bottom of the trolley and the smoke exhaust opening
2
in the hood, shall not exceed a total of 0,05 m .
4.2.4 Both left-orientated arrangements, as shown in Figure 1, and right-orientated
arrangements (the trolley shown in Figure 1 mirrored around a vertical line) are allowed.
To be able to remove side plates of the hood without removing the collector, attention should be
paid to the connection between the frame of the SBI apparatus and the ceiling of the room. It
should be possible to move the side plate outwards at the bottom.
NOTE The relative position of the frame in the test room depends on the details of the connection
between room and frame.
9

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
Dimensions in metres

Key
1 visual observation
2 fixed frame
3 visual observation (left orientated specimen)
4 trolley (with left orientated specimen)
NOTE Both left orientated and right oriented specimens are acceptable. For right orientated
specimens the figure is mirrored around a vertical line.
Figure 1 — Top view of the SBI test room design (schematic drawing)
4.3 Materials
Commercial propane, of minimum purity 95 %.
10

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
4.4 Test apparatus
NOTE See Figures E.1 to E.35.
4.4.1 Trolley, on which two perpendicular specimen parts are placed, with a sandbox burner
at the bottom of the vertical corner.
The trolley is put in place with its back side closing the opening in the wall of the test room; the
air inlet under the floor of the trolley is provided with perforated plates (open area to total area
40 % to 60 %; perforation diameter 8 mm to 12 mm) to produce an evenly distributed flow along
the floor of the test room.
Using a spirit level placed in the gully, periodically check the level of the L profile (behind the
burner) and the C profile (in front of the specimen) to ensure they are horizontal. This will ensure
that any material which melts and flows from the specimen will remain in the gulley during the
test.
In addition, periodically measure the level of the platform in front of the burner to ensure this is
also horizontal.
4.4.2 Fixed frame, in which the trolley is pushed and which supports the hood; a second burner
is fixed to the frame.
4.4.3 Hood, on top of the frame, which collects the combustion gases.
4.4.4 Collector, on top of the hood with baffles and a horizontal outlet for the exhaust duct.
4.4.5 Exhaust duct, circular tube of inner diameter (315 ± 5) mm, and insulated with 50 mm
high temperature resistant mineral wool, with the following parts (in flow direction):
— connection to the collector;
— ducting, of length 500 mm with four thermocouple mountings (for optional temperature
measurements) at a distance of at least 400 mm from the collector (drawing E25 part A;
optional);
— ducting, of length 1 000 mm (drawing E25 part B; optional);
— two 90° bends, (radius of curvature of axis 400 mm) (drawing E25 part C and D; optional);
connection to the collector with an optional J-shaped bend;
— ducting, of length 1 625 mm with guide vanes and an orifice; guide vane length 630 mm
closest to the collector at a minimum distance of 50 mm; directly behind the guide vanes a
(2,0 ± 0,5) mm thick circular orifice with inner opening diameter 265 mm and an outer
diameter of 314 mm (drawing E25 part E; mandatory);
— ducting, of length 2 155 mm with mountings for pressure-probe, four thermocouples, gas-
sampling probe and white light extinction system; this section is called the “general
measurement section” (drawing E25 part F; mandatory);
— ducting, of length 500 mm (drawing E25 part G; mandatory);
— connection to exhaust.
Attention should be paid to the fixing of the measuring duct. The total mass excluding probes, etc.
is about 250 kg.
11

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SIST EN 13823:2020
EN 13823:2020 (E)
4.4.6 Two identical sandbox burners (see Figure E.9), one in the bottom plate of the trolley
(the “main (primary) burner”), one fixed to a post of the frame (the “auxiliary (secondary)
burner”), with the following specifications:
a) Shape: right angled triangle (top view) with two equal sides of 250 mm, height 80 mm,
bottom closed except for a 12,5 mm pipe socket at the gravitational centre, top open. A right-
angled triangular perforated plate shall be positioned in the burner at a height of 10 mm
above the bottom. Metal gauze with a maximum mesh size of 2 mm shall be positioned at
heights of 12 mm and 60 mm above the bottom. All dimensions shall be within ± 2 mm.
b) Material: box made of 1,5 mm stainless steel, filled from bottom to top with, successively, a
10 mm void, a layer of pebbles within a size distribution of 4 mm to 8 mm up to a height of
60 mm, and a top layer of sand within a size distribution of 2 mm to 4 mm up to a height of
80 mm. The metal gauze is used to stabilize the two layers and prevent the pebbles from
entering the gas pipe socket. The pebbles and sand used shall be rounded (river) stones, not
broken ones.
c) Position of main (primary) burner: mounted in the tray (see Figures E.9 and E.19) and
connected to the U-profile at the bottom of the specimen position. The top edge of the main
(primary) burner shall be (25 ± 2) mm above the top edge of the U-profile.
d) Position of auxiliary (secondary) burner: fixed to the post of the frame opposite to the
specimen corner, with the top of the burner at a height of (1 450 ± 5) mm from the floor of
the test room (1 000 mm vertical distance to the hood), its diagonal parallel and nearest to
the hypotenuse of the main (primary) burner.
e) The main (primary) burner is connected to U-profiles at the long and the short wing specimen
position (see Figure E.18, part 10). In both U-profiles a blanking plate (see Figure E.19) is
placed with its top at the same height as the top of the U-profile and at 0,3 m from the corner
line between the mounted specimen wings (at the border of the burner zone, see 8.3.4).
f) The main (primary) burner shall be protected with a tilted triangular grid when previous
tests on the same type of product have led to an early termination to the test due to fallen
material on the sand-bed in accordance
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13823:2019
01-februar-2019
3UHVNXVLRG]LYDJUDGEHQLKSURL]YRGRYQDRJHQM*UDGEHQLSURL]YRGLUD]HQWDOQLK
REORJL]SRVWDYOMHQLWRSORWQHPXGHORYDQMXHQHJDVDPHJDJRUHþHJDSUHGPHWD
Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building products excluding floorings
exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item
Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten - Thermische Beanspruchung durch
einen einzelnen brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit Ausnahme von
Bodenbelägen
Essais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Produits de construction à
l'exclusion des revêtements de sol exposés à une sollicitation thermique provoquée par
un objet isolé en feu
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13823
ICS:
13.220.50 Požarna odpornost Fire-resistance of building
gradbenih materialov in materials and elements
elementov
91.060.01 Stavbni elementi na splošno Elements of buildings in
general
91.100.01 Gradbeni materiali na Construction materials in
splošno general
oSIST prEN 13823:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13823:2019

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13823:2019


DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 13823
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

December 2018
ICS 13.220.50; 91.060.01; 91.100.01 Will supersede EN 13823:2010+A1:2014
English Version

Reaction to fire tests for building products - Building
products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack
by a single burning item
Essais de réaction au feu des produits de construction - Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bauprodukten -
Produits de construction à l'exclusion des revêtements Thermische Beanspruchung durch einen einzelnen
de sol exposés à une sollicitation thermique provoquée brennenden Gegenstand für Bauprodukte mit
par un objet isolé en feu Ausnahme von Bodenbelägen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 127.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13823:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Test facility . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Test room . 8
4.3 Materials . 10
4.4 Test apparatus . 10
4.5 Smoke exhaust system . 12
4.6 General measurement section equipment . 12
4.7 Other general equipment . 13
5 Test specimen . 14
5.1 Dimensions of specimen . 14
5.2 Mounting of specimen . 15
5.2.1 Mounting as in end use application . 15
5.2.2 Standard mounting . 15
5.3 Installation of the specimen wings in the trolley . 17
5.4 Number of specimens . 18
6 Conditioning . 18
7 Principle . 18
8 Test procedure . 19
8.1 General . 19
8.2 Testing operations . 19
8.3 Visual observation and manual recording of data . 20
8.3.1 General . 20
8.3.2 Pre-test conditions . 20
8.3.3 Lateral flame spread on the long wing . 20
8.3.4 Flaming particles or droplets . 21
8.3.5 End of test conditions . 22
8.3.6 Recorded events . 22
8.4 Automated recording of data . 23
8.5 Early termination of test . 23
9 Expression of results . 24
10 Test report . 24
Annex A (normative) Calculation procedures . 26
A.1 General . 26
A.1.1 General remarks . 26
A.1.2 Calculations to be performed on the test data . 27
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A.1.3 Calculations to be performed on calibration data. 27
A.1.4 Standard data set . 27
A.2 Synchronization of data . 27
A.3 Checking equipment response . 29
A.3.1 Temperature readings . 29
A.3.2 Drift in gas concentration measurement . 29
A.3.3 Drift in light attenuation measurement . 29
A.4 Exposure period . 30
A.5 Heat output . 30
A.5.1 Calculation of heat release rate (HRR) . 30
A.5.2 Calculation of THR(t) and THR . 33
600s
A.5.3 Calculation of FIGRA and FIGRA (fire growth rate indices) . 33
0,2MJ 0,4MJ
A.6 Smoke production . 34
A.6.1 Calculation of smoke production rate (SPR) . 34
A.6.2 Calculation of TSP(t) and TSP . 37
600s
A.6.3 Calculation of SMOGRA (smoke growth rate index) . 38
A.7 Calculations for calibrations – Propane heat release . 38
Annex B (informative) Precision of test method . 40
B.1 General remarks and results . 40
B.2 Calculation of test results . 42
B.3 Statistical analysis. 43
B.4 Statistical results . 43
Annex C (normative) Calibration procedures . 48
C.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment . 48
C.1.1 General . 48
C.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment . 48
C.1.3 Oxygen analyser output noise and drift . 48
C.1.4 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment . 49
C.1.5 Light system calibration . 49
C.2 System response calibrations . 50
C.2.1 Burner switch response time . 50
C.2.2 Burner heat output step calibration . 52
C.2.3 Heptane calibration . 56
C.2.4 Velocity profile factor k . 58
t,v
C.2.5 Flow factor k . 60
t
Annex D (informative) Calibration procedures. 61
D.1 Procedures for separate pieces of equipment . 61
D.1.1 General . 61
D.1.2 Oxygen analyser adjustment . 61
D.1.3 Carbon dioxide analyser adjustment . 61
D.1.4 Check of propane mass flow controller . 61
D.1.5 Optical filter check . 62
D.2 Check of the thermal attack on the specimens . 63
D.2.1 General . 63
D.2.2 Procedure . 63
Annex E (normative) Design drawings . 64
Annex F (informative) Data file format . 117
Annex G (informative) Record sheet . 120
Bibliography . 121

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European foreword
This document (prEN 13823:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127
“Fire safety in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document will supersede EN 13823:2010+A1:2014.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).

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Introduction
The classification of the reaction to fire performance of construction products established by
EC Decision 2000/147/EC (OJEU L50 of 23.2.2000) defines in Table 1 the reaction to fire classes
for building products excluding floorings. The relevant test methods for determining the
reaction to fire are being prepared by CEN/TC 127.
Safety warning
The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out the tests described in
this standard is drawn to the fact that fire testing can be hazardous and that toxic and/or
harmful smoke and gases can be produced during the test.
An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health should be made and safety
precautions should be identified and provided. Smoke and gases should be removed from the
workplace. Written safety instructions should be issued. Appropriate training should be given to
relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel should ensure that they follow written safety
instructions at all times.
Special precautions are required for the propane gas supply system.
— The equipment, for example tubes, couplings, flow meters, should be approved for propane.
— The burner should be equipped with a remote-controlled ignition device, for example a
pilot flame or a glow wire. There should be a warning system for leaking gas and a valve for
immediate and automatic cut-off of the gas supply in case of extinction of the ignition flame.
The pilot flames can be ignited directly by an operator in the test room, however, no one
should be present in the test room during ignition of a burner.
— It should be possible to operate the switch between auxiliary and main (primary) burner
and the preceding main valve (to open or stop the propane supply) from outside the test
room.
Special precautions are required for the extinction of burning specimens.
When the extinction is carried out because of intensive combustion of the specimens, it is
recommended that a second operator is ready to intervene. Means for extinguishing should be
available (e.g. since the heat output during intensive combustion can damage the apparatus).
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1 Scope
This document specifies a method of test for determining the reaction to fire performance of
construction products excluding floorings, and excluding products which are indicated in
Table 1 of EC Decision 2000/147/EC, when exposed to thermal attack by a single burning item
(SBI). The calculation procedures are given in Annex A. Information on the precision of the test
method is given in Annex B. The calibration procedures are given in Annexes C and D, of which
Annex C is a normative annex.
NOTE This document has been developed to determine the reaction to fire performance of
essentially flat products. The treatment of some families of products, e.g. linear products (pipes, ducts,
cables etc.), can need special rules.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited
applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
EN 13238, Reaction to fire tests for building products - Conditioning procedures and general rules
for selection of substrates
EN 13501-1:2007+A1:2009, Fire classification of construction products and building elements -
Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests
EN 60584-1:2013, Thermocouples — Part 1: Reference tables (IEC 60584-1:2013)
EN ISO 13943:2017, Fire safety — Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2017)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 13943:2017 and
EN 13501-1:2007+A1:2009 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
backing board
calcium silicate panel used to back the specimen that can be placed directly against a free-
standing test specimen or at a distance from it
3.2
specimen
piece of a product, which is to be tested
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Note 1 to entry: This can include the mounting technique used in its end-use application. This also can
include an air gap and/or a substrate where appropriate.
3.3
substrate
product which is used immediately beneath the product about which information is required
3.4
THR
600s
total heat release from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main (primary) burner
flames
3.5
LFS
lateral flame spread on the long specimen wing
Note 1 to entry: The LFS is defined in more detail in 8.3.3.
3.6
TSP
600s
total smoke production from the specimen in the first 600 s of exposure to the main (primary)
burner flames
3.7
FIGRA
0,2 MJ
maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence
using a THR-threshold of 0,2 MJ
Note 1 to entry: The FIGRA0,2 MJ is described in more detail in A.5.3.
3.8
FIGRA
0,4 MJ
maximum of the quotient of heat release rate from the specimen and the time of its occurrence
using a THR threshold of 0,4 MJ
Note 1 to entry: The FIGRA0,4 MJ is described in more detail in A.5.3.
3.9
SMOGRA
smoke growth rate
maximum of the quotient of smoke production rate from the specimen and the time of its
occurrence
Note 1 to entry: The SMOGRA is described in more detail in A.6.3.
3.10
sustained flaming
persistence of flame on or over a surface for a minimum period of time
[EN ISO 13943:2017]
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4 Test facility
4.1 General
The SBI test facility shall consist of a test room, the test apparatus (trolley, frame, burners, hood,
collector and ducting), the smoke exhaust system and general measuring equipment. These
components are specified in 4.2 to 4.7. Design drawings are given in Annex E. Dimensions given
in the drawings are nominal unless tolerances are given in the text.
The air supply to the test room entering below the trolley should be fresh, uncontaminated air.
4.2 Test room
4.2.1 The test room shall have an inner height of (2,4 ± 0,05) m and an inner floor area of
(3,0 ± 0,05) m in both directions. The walls shall be made of stone type building blocks (e.g.
cellular concrete), gypsum boards, calcium silicate boards or other boards classified as class A1
or A2.
4.2.2 One wall of the test room shall have an opening to insert the trolley from the
surrounding laboratory into the test room. The opening shall be at least 1 470 mm wide and
2 450 mm high (dimensions of the frame). Windows shall be placed in the two walls facing the
front side of the two perpendicular specimen planes. To be able to handle the SBI apparatus and
the specimen when the trolley is in place, an additional door is needed.
4.2.3 With the trolley in place in the test room, the distance between the long wing specimen
surface touching the U-profile and the wall of the test room shall be (2,1 ± 0,05) m. This distance
shall be measured perpendicularly to the wall facing the long wing. The areas of the openings in
the test room, excluding the air inlet at the bottom of the trolley and the smoke exhaust opening
2
in the hood, shall not exceed a total of 0,05 m .
4.2.4 Both left-orientated arrangements, as shown in Figure 1, and right-orientated
arrangements (the trolley shown in Figure 1 mirrored around a vertical line) are allowed.
To be able to remove side plates of the hood without removing the collector, attention should be
paid to the connection between the frame of the SBI apparatus and the ceiling of the room. It
should be possible to move the side plate outwards at the bottom.
NOTE The relative position of the frame in the test room depends on the details of the connection
between room and frame.
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Dimensions in metres

Key
1 visual observation
2 fixed frame
3 visual observation (left orientated specimen)
4 trolley (with left orientated specimen)
NOTE Both left orientated and right oriented specimens are acceptable. For right orientated
specimens the figure is mirrored around a vertical line.
Figure 1 — Top view of the SBI test room design (schematic drawing)
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4.3 Materials
4.3.1 Commercial propane, of minimum purity 95 %.
4.4 Test apparatus
NOTE See Figures E.1 to E.35.
4.4.1 Trolley, on which two perpendicular specimen parts are placed, with a sandbox burner
at the bottom of the vertical corner.
The trolley is put in place with its back side closing the opening in the wall of the test room; the
air inlet under the floor of the trolley is provided with perforated plates (open area to total area
40 % to 60 %; perforation diameter 8 mm to 12 mm) to produce an evenly distributed flow
along the floor of the test room.
Using a spirit level placed in the gully, periodically check the level of the L profile (behind the
burner) and the C profile (in front of the specimen) to ensure they are horizontal. This will
ensure that any material which melts and flows from the specimen will remain in the gulley
during the test.
In addition, periodically measure the level of the platform in front of the burner to ensure this is
also horizontal.
4.4.2 Fixed frame, in which the trolley is pushed and which supports the hood; a second
burner is fixed to the frame.
4.4.3 Hood, on top of the frame, which collects the combustion gases.
4.4.4 Collector, on top of the hood with baffles and a horizontal outlet for the exhaust duct.
4.4.5 Exhaust duct, circular tube of inner diameter (315 ± 5) mm, and insulated with
50 mm high temperature resistant mineral wool, with the following parts (in flow direction):
— connection to the collector with an optional J-shaped bend;
— ducting, of length 1 625 mm with guide vanes and an orifice; guide vane length 630 mm
closest to the collector at a minimum distance of 50 mm; directly behind the guide vanes a
(2,0 ± 0,5) mm thick circular orifice with inner opening diameter 265 mm and an outer
diameter of 314 mm;
— ducting, of length 2 155 mm with mountings for pressure-probe, four thermocouples, gas-
sampling probe and white light extinction system; this section is called the “general
measurement section”;
— ducting, of length 500 mm;
— connection to exhaust.
Attention should be paid to the fixing of the measuring duct. The total mass excluding probes,
etc. is about 250 kg.
4.4.6 Two identical sandbox burners (see Figure E.9), one in the bottom plate of the trolley
(the “main (primary) burner”), one fixed to a post of the frame (the “auxiliary (secondary)
burner”), with the following specifications:
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