SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
Indoor air - Part 38: Determination of amines in indoor and test chamber air - Active sampling on samplers containing phosphoric acid impregnated filters
Indoor air - Part 38: Determination of amines in indoor and test chamber air - Active sampling on samplers containing phosphoric acid impregnated filters
This document specifies a method for the determination of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic
and aromatic amines in indoor air using accumulated sampling and high-performance liquidchromatography
(HPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) or high resolution mass
spectrometry (HRMS). It specifies the sampling procedure for determining the mass concentration of
amines as mean values by sampling the amines on phosphoric acid impregnated filters. The analytical
procedure of the measurement method is covered by ISO 16000-39.
Measurements, performed with samplers containing phosphoric acid-impregnated inert supporting
material and operating at specified flow rates for specified sampling periods are described in this
document. Requirements regarding sample volume are also defined.
The range of application of this document concerning the concentrations of amines in indoor air depends
on the linear range of the calibration line and hence on the gas sample volume (here: from 5 l up to 100 l),
the eluate volume (from 1 ml up to 5 ml), the injection volume (from 1 μl up to 10 μl) and the sensitivity
of the analytical equipment (e.g. linear range from 2 pg up to 2 ng amine). The range of application
can be expected to be from approximately 0,002 μg/m3 (100 l sample) up to 2 000 μg/m3 (5 l sample)
for a common analytical equipment1) for the majority of the amines listed in Annex A. The analysis of
derivatives of ethanolamine is usually about 10 times more sensitive and the analysis of short-chained
aliphatic amines is usually about 10 times less sensitive than the analysis of an average amine.
Although primarily intended for the measurement of amines listed in Annex A, this document can also
be used for the measurement of other amines in indoor air.
This document describes procedures for the fabrication and gives requirements for the use of glass
tubes containing impregnated filters out of phosphoric acid-impregnated glass wool as samplers, but
does not exclude other samplers with proven equal or improved properties. This document also gives
procedures for the demonstration of equivalence of other sampler types or methods.
This document does not cover the determination of amines in other media like water or soil.
Furthermore, it does not cover the determination of isocyanates in indoor air as corresponding amines
(covered by ISO 17734-1 and ISO 17734-2). Quaternary amines are also not included in this document.
Titre manque — Partie 38:
Notranji zrak - 38. del: Določevanje aminov v notranjem zraku in preskusni komori - Aktivno vzorčenje z vzorčevalniki s filtri, impregniranimi s fosforjevo kislino
Ta dokument določa metodo za določevanje primarnih, sekundarnih in terciarnih alifatskih ter aromatskih aminov v notranjem zraku z uporabo akumuliranega vzorčenja in visokozmogljive tekočinske kromatografije (HPLC) skupaj s tandemsko masno spektrometrijo (MS-MS) ali masno spektrometrijo visoke ločljivosti (HRMS). Določa postopek vzorčenja za določevanje masne koncentracije aminov kot povprečnih vrednosti z vzorčenjem aminov s filtri, impregniranimi s fosforjevo kislino. Analitični postopek metode merjenja je zajet v standardu ISO 16000-39. V tem dokumentu so opisane meritve z vzorčevalniki, ki vsebujejo inertni material, impregniran s fosforno kislino, in delujejo pri določenih pretokih in v določenem času vzorčenja. Opredeljene so tudi zahteve glede volumna vzorca. Področje uporabe tega dokumenta v zvezi s koncentracijami aminov v notranjem zraku je odvisno od linearnega obsega kalibracijske krivulje in s tem od volumna vzorca plina (tukaj: od 5 l do 100 l), volumna eluata (od 1 ml do 5 ml), volumna vbrizgavanja (od 1 μl do 10 μl) in občutljivosti analitične opreme (npr. linearni razpon od 2 pg do 2 ng amina). Obseg uporabe je mogoče pričakovati od približno 0,002 μg/m3 (vzorec 100 l) do 2000 μg/m3 (vzorec 5 l) za skupno analitsko opremo1) za večino aminov, naštetih v dodatku A. Analiza derivatov etanolamina je običajno približno 10-krat občutljivejša, analiza kratko verižnih alifatičnih aminov pa je običajno približno 10-krat manj občutljiva kot analiza povprečnega amina. Čeprav je dokument namenjen predvsem za merjenje aminov, naštetih v dodatku A, ga je mogoče uporabiti tudi za merjenje drugih aminov v notranjem zraku. Ta dokument opisuje postopke izdelave in določa zahteve za uporabo steklenih cevi, ki kot vzorčevalnike vsebujejo filtre iz steklene volne, impregnirane s fosforjevo kislino, ne izključuje pa drugih vzorčevalnikov z dokazano enakimi ali izboljšanimi lastnostmi. Dokument vsebuje tudi postopke za dokazovanje enakovrednosti drugih vrst vzorčevalnikov ali metod. Ta dokument ne obravnava določevanja aminov v drugih medijih, kot sta voda ali zemlja. Poleg tega ne zajema določevanja izocianatov kot ustreznih aminov v notranjem zraku (zajeto v standardih ISO 17734-1 in ISO 17734-2). V tem dokumentu tudi niso vključeni kvarterni amini.
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Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16000-38
First edition
2019-02
Indoor air —
Part 38:
Determination of amines in indoor
and test chamber air — Active
sampling on samplers containing
phosphoric acid impregnated filters
Reference number
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Amines in indoor air . 2
4.1 Properties of amines . 2
4.2 Origin and occurrence of amines in indoor air . 2
5 Sampling strategy — Measurement procedure . 2
5.1 Structure and properties of the samplers . 2
5.2 Manufacturing of the samplers . 3
5.2.1 General. 3
5.2.2 Implementation . 3
5.2.3 Verification . 3
5.3 Selection of the suitable sampling time . 4
5.4 Sampling protocol . 4
5.5 Comparative measurements . 4
5.6 Sampling procedure . 5
5.7 Storing of the samples . 5
5.8 Sample preparation and transfer to the analytical procedure . 5
5.9 Demonstration of equivalence of other sampler types or methods . 6
Annex A (informative) List of included amines . 8
Bibliography . 9
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6,
Indoor air.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16000 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Introduction
ISO 16000 (all parts) describe general requirements relating to the measurement of indoor air pollutants
and the important conditions to be observed before or during the sampling of individual pollutants or
groups of pollutants, as well as the measurements procedures themselves.
The definition of indoor environment is given by ISO 16000-1. Dwellings [living rooms, bedrooms, do-
it-yourself (DIY) rooms, sport rooms and cellars, kitchens and bathrooms], workrooms or workplaces
in buildings which are not subject to health and safety inspections with respect to air pollutants (e.g.
offices, salesrooms), public buildings (e.g. restaurants, theatres, cinemas and other meeting rooms) and
passenger cabins of motor vehicles and public transportation are among the most important types of
indoor environment.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Indoor air —
Part 38:
Determination of amines in indoor and test chamber air —
Active sampling on samplers containing phosphoric acid
impregnated filters
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic
and aromatic amines in indoor air using accumulated sampling and high-performance liquid-
chromatography (HPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) or high resolution mass
spectrometry (HRMS). It specifies the sampling procedure for determining the mass concentration of
amines as mean values by sampling the amines on phosphoric acid impregnated filters. The analytical
procedure of the measurement method is covered by ISO 16000-39.
Measurements, performed with samplers containing phosphoric acid-impregnated inert supporting
material and operating at specified flow rates for specified sampling periods are described in this
document. Requirements regarding sample volume are also defined.
The range of application of this document concerning the concentrations of amines in indoor air depends
on the linear range of the calibration line and hence on the gas sample volume (here: from 5 l up to 100 l),
the eluate volume (from 1 ml up to 5 ml), the injection volume (from 1 µl up to 10 µl) and the sensitivity
of the analytical equipment (e.g. linear range from 2 pg up to 2 ng amine). The range of application
3 3
can be expected to be from approximately 0,002 µg/m (100 l sample) up to 2 000 µg/m (5 l sample)
1)
for a common analytical equipment for the majority of the amines listed in Annex A. The analysis of
derivatives of ethanolamine is usually about 10 times more sensitive and the analysis of short-chained
aliphatic amines is usually about 10 times less sensitive than the analysis of an average amine.
Although primarily intended for the measurement of amines listed in Annex A, this document can also
be used for the measurement of other amines in indoor air.
This document describes procedures for the fabrication and gives requirements for the use of glass
tubes containing impregnated filters out of phosphoric acid-impregnated glass wool as samplers, but
does not exclude other samplers with proven equal or improved properties. This document also gives
procedures for the demonstration of equivalence of other sampler types or methods.
This document does not cover the determination of amines in other media like water or soil.
Furthermore, it does not cover the determination of isocyanates in indoor air as corresponding amines
(covered by ISO 17734-1 and ISO 17734-2). Quaternary amines are also not included in this document.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
1) Waters “TQ-D” is an example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is given for the
convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/odp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https: //www .elctropedia .org/
3.1
amines
−3
nitrogen containing compounds with a sufficient vapor pressure (>10 Pa) and a free electron pair at
the nitrogen atom which can be protonated by phosphoric acid
4 Amines in indoor air
4.1 Properties of amines
Amines are basic and polar substances.
There are primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary amines.
Quaternary amines are not included in this document as they have no free electron pair and therefore
have very different properties. In this document, the term “amines” includes primary, secondary, and
tertiary amines only.
Not protonated amines are oxidation sensitive.
The reaction of amines with acids results in ammonium salts of the amines. The ammonium salts are
not oxidation sensitive.
4.2 Origin and occurrence of amines in indoor air
Amines are produced by technical chemical processes and processing and in addition by biotic or abiotic
decomposition of nitrogen compounds. Besides sources of biological origin, indoor air sources of amines
could be, for instance, products containing polyurethane, especially foams, such as in vehicle seats,
mattresses, pillows, and upholstered furniture or as thermal insulation or sound absorbing material.
Several amines, in particular aromatic amines, are known as harmful compounds. Furthermore, most
amines have an unacceptable odour in combination with a low odour threshold.
Further sources are for example food, such as fish (aliphatic amines) and cigarette smoke (aromatic
amines).
5 Sampling strategy — Measurement procedure
5.1 Structure and properties of the samplers
The basic structure of an amine sampler for active sampling consists of a container, preferably a glass
or plastic tube, and a filter. The filter is impregnated with an acid with low vapour pressure and without
an oxidizing effect. In this regard, phosphoric acid is most suitable. The filter material itself shall be
inert, such as untreated glass wool, glass spheres or glass frits. Basically, the inert filter material could
be a porous, inert polymer.
The suggested sampler consists of a glass tube with 6,25 mm outside diameter on a length of 60 mm,
and a tapering on a length of 20 mm with an outside diameter of the tip of 2,5 mm. The suggested filter
consists of 50 mg of untreated glass wool impregnated with approximately 100 µmol or 9,8 mg H PO ,
3 4
respectively.
The sampler that is described as an example in this document (see 5.2) is handmade.
Until now, no verified commercially available amine samplers for active sampling are known.
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Alternative samplers shall be tested by the procedure described in 5.9.
5.2 Manufacturing of the samplers
5.2.1 General
The manufacturing of active samplers with phosphoric acid impregnated glass wool is described in the
following:
3
Chemical agents: 470 µl phosphoric acid 85 % (density = 1,685 g/cm )
200 ml acetonitrile
2,5 g untreated glass wool
Laboratory equipment: 500 ml round bottom flask
Glass tubes (6,25 mm outside diameter on a length of 60 mm, tapering on a
length of 20 mm with
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
01-december-2019
Notranji zrak - 38. del: Določevanje aminov v notranjem zraku in preskusni komori
- Aktivno vzorčenje z vzorčevalniki s filtri, impregniranimi s fosforjevo kislino
Indoor air - Part 38: Determination of amines in indoor and test chamber air - Active
sampling on samplers containing phosphoric acid impregnated filters
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 16000-38:2019
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16000-38
First edition
2019-02
Indoor air —
Part 38:
Determination of amines in indoor
and test chamber air — Active
sampling on samplers containing
phosphoric acid impregnated filters
Reference number
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Amines in indoor air . 2
4.1 Properties of amines . 2
4.2 Origin and occurrence of amines in indoor air . 2
5 Sampling strategy — Measurement procedure . 2
5.1 Structure and properties of the samplers . 2
5.2 Manufacturing of the samplers . 3
5.2.1 General. 3
5.2.2 Implementation . 3
5.2.3 Verification . 3
5.3 Selection of the suitable sampling time . 4
5.4 Sampling protocol . 4
5.5 Comparative measurements . 4
5.6 Sampling procedure . 5
5.7 Storing of the samples . 5
5.8 Sample preparation and transfer to the analytical procedure . 5
5.9 Demonstration of equivalence of other sampler types or methods . 6
Annex A (informative) List of included amines . 8
Bibliography . 9
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6,
Indoor air.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16000 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Introduction
ISO 16000 (all parts) describe general requirements relating to the measurement of indoor air pollutants
and the important conditions to be observed before or during the sampling of individual pollutants or
groups of pollutants, as well as the measurements procedures themselves.
The definition of indoor environment is given by ISO 16000-1. Dwellings [living rooms, bedrooms, do-
it-yourself (DIY) rooms, sport rooms and cellars, kitchens and bathrooms], workrooms or workplaces
in buildings which are not subject to health and safety inspections with respect to air pollutants (e.g.
offices, salesrooms), public buildings (e.g. restaurants, theatres, cinemas and other meeting rooms) and
passenger cabins of motor vehicles and public transportation are among the most important types of
indoor environment.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Indoor air —
Part 38:
Determination of amines in indoor and test chamber air —
Active sampling on samplers containing phosphoric acid
impregnated filters
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic
and aromatic amines in indoor air using accumulated sampling and high-performance liquid-
chromatography (HPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) or high resolution mass
spectrometry (HRMS). It specifies the sampling procedure for determining the mass concentration of
amines as mean values by sampling the amines on phosphoric acid impregnated filters. The analytical
procedure of the measurement method is covered by ISO 16000-39.
Measurements, performed with samplers containing phosphoric acid-impregnated inert supporting
material and operating at specified flow rates for specified sampling periods are described in this
document. Requirements regarding sample volume are also defined.
The range of application of this document concerning the concentrations of amines in indoor air depends
on the linear range of the calibration line and hence on the gas sample volume (here: from 5 l up to 100 l),
the eluate volume (from 1 ml up to 5 ml), the injection volume (from 1 µl up to 10 µl) and the sensitivity
of the analytical equipment (e.g. linear range from 2 pg up to 2 ng amine). The range of application
3 3
can be expected to be from approximately 0,002 µg/m (100 l sample) up to 2 000 µg/m (5 l sample)
1)
for a common analytical equipment for the majority of the amines listed in Annex A. The analysis of
derivatives of ethanolamine is usually about 10 times more sensitive and the analysis of short-chained
aliphatic amines is usually about 10 times less sensitive than the analysis of an average amine.
Although primarily intended for the measurement of amines listed in Annex A, this document can also
be used for the measurement of other amines in indoor air.
This document describes procedures for the fabrication and gives requirements for the use of glass
tubes containing impregnated filters out of phosphoric acid-impregnated glass wool as samplers, but
does not exclude other samplers with proven equal or improved properties. This document also gives
procedures for the demonstration of equivalence of other sampler types or methods.
This document does not cover the determination of amines in other media like water or soil.
Furthermore, it does not cover the determination of isocyanates in indoor air as corresponding amines
(covered by ISO 17734-1 and ISO 17734-2). Quaternary amines are also not included in this document.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
1) Waters “TQ-D” is an example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is given for the
convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product.
© ISO 2019 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-38:2019
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/odp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https: //www .elctropedia .org/
3.1
amines
−3
nitrogen containing compounds with a sufficient vapor pressure (>10 Pa) and a free electron pair at
the nitrogen atom which can be protonated by phosphoric acid
4 Amines in indoor air
4.1 Properties of amines
Amines are basic and polar substances.
There are primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary amines.
Quaternary amines are not included in this document as they have no free electron pair and therefore
have very different properties. In this document, the term “amines” includes primary, secondary, and
tertiary amines only.
Not protonated amines are oxidation sensitive.
The reaction of amines with acids results in ammonium salts of the amines. The ammonium salts are
not oxidation sensitive.
4.2 Origin and occurrence of amines in indoor air
Amines are produced by technical chemical processes and processing and in addition by biotic or abiotic
decomposition of nitrogen compounds. Besides sources of biological origin, indoor air sources of amines
could be, for instance, products containing polyurethane, especially foams, such as in vehicle seats,
mattresses, pillows, and upholstered furniture or as thermal insulation or sound absorbing material.
Several amines, in particular aromatic amines, are known as harmful compounds. Furthermore, most
amines have an unacceptable odour in combination with a low odour threshold.
Further sources are for example food, such as fish (aliphatic amines) and cigarette smoke (aromatic
amines).
5 Sampling strategy — Measurement procedure
5.1 Structure and properties of the samplers
The basic structure of an amine sampler for active sampling consists of a container, preferably a glass
or plastic tube, and a filter. The filter is impregnated with an acid with low vapour pressure and without
an oxidizing effect. In this regard, phosphoric acid is most suitable. The filter material itself shall be
inert, such as untreated glass wool, glass spheres or glass frits. Basically, the inert filter material could
be a porous, inert polymer.
The suggested sampler consists of a glass tube with 6,25 mm outside diameter on a length of 60 mm,
and a tapering on a length of 20 mm with an outside diameter of the tip of 2,5 mm. The suggested filter
consists of 50 mg of untreated glass wool impregnated with approximately 100 µmol or 9,8 mg H PO ,
3 4
respectively.
The sampler that is described as an example in this document (see 5.2) is handmade.
Until now, no verified commercially available amine samplers for active sampling are known.
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST ISO 16000-38:2
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019
01-september-2019
Notranji zrak - 38. del: Določevanje aminov v notranjem zraku in preskusni komori
- Aktivno vzorčenje z vzorčevalniki s filtri, impregniranimi s fosforjevo kislino
Indoor air - Part 38: Determination of amines in indoor and test chamber air - Active
sampling on samplers containing phosphoric acid impregnated filters
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 16000-38:2019
ICS:
13.040.20 Kakovost okoljskega zraka Ambient atmospheres
oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16000-38
First edition
2019-02
Indoor air —
Part 38:
Determination of amines in indoor
and test chamber air — Active
sampling on samplers containing
phosphoric acid impregnated filters
Reference number
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Amines in indoor air . 2
4.1 Properties of amines . 2
4.2 Origin and occurrence of amines in indoor air . 2
5 Sampling strategy — Measurement procedure . 2
5.1 Structure and properties of the samplers . 2
5.2 Manufacturing of the samplers . 3
5.2.1 General. 3
5.2.2 Implementation . 3
5.2.3 Verification . 3
5.3 Selection of the suitable sampling time . 4
5.4 Sampling protocol . 4
5.5 Comparative measurements . 4
5.6 Sampling procedure . 5
5.7 Storing of the samples . 5
5.8 Sample preparation and transfer to the analytical procedure . 5
5.9 Demonstration of equivalence of other sampler types or methods . 6
Annex A (informative) List of included amines . 8
Bibliography . 9
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oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www. iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
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expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 6,
Indoor air.
A list of all parts in the ISO 16000 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso. org/members .html.
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oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Introduction
ISO 16000 (all parts) describe general requirements relating to the measurement of indoor air pollutants
and the important conditions to be observed before or during the sampling of individual pollutants or
groups of pollutants, as well as the measurements procedures themselves.
The definition of indoor environment is given by ISO 16000-1. Dwellings [living rooms, bedrooms, do-
it-yourself (DIY) rooms, sport rooms and cellars, kitchens and bathrooms], workrooms or workplaces
in buildings which are not subject to health and safety inspections with respect to air pollutants (e.g.
offices, salesrooms), public buildings (e.g. restaurants, theatres, cinemas and other meeting rooms) and
passenger cabins of motor vehicles and public transportation are among the most important types of
indoor environment.
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oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019
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oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
Indoor air —
Part 38:
Determination of amines in indoor and test chamber air —
Active sampling on samplers containing phosphoric acid
impregnated filters
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic
and aromatic amines in indoor air using accumulated sampling and high-performance liquid-
chromatography (HPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) or high resolution mass
spectrometry (HRMS). It specifies the sampling procedure for determining the mass concentration of
amines as mean values by sampling the amines on phosphoric acid impregnated filters. The analytical
procedure of the measurement method is covered by ISO 16000-39.
Measurements, performed with samplers containing phosphoric acid-impregnated inert supporting
material and operating at specified flow rates for specified sampling periods are described in this
document. Requirements regarding sample volume are also defined.
The range of application of this document concerning the concentrations of amines in indoor air depends
on the linear range of the calibration line and hence on the gas sample volume (here: from 5 l up to 100 l),
the eluate volume (from 1 ml up to 5 ml), the injection volume (from 1 µl up to 10 µl) and the sensitivity
of the analytical equipment (e.g. linear range from 2 pg up to 2 ng amine). The range of application
3 3
can be expected to be from approximately 0,002 µg/m (100 l sample) up to 2 000 µg/m (5 l sample)
1)
for a common analytical equipment for the majority of the amines listed in Annex A. The analysis of
derivatives of ethanolamine is usually about 10 times more sensitive and the analysis of short-chained
aliphatic amines is usually about 10 times less sensitive than the analysis of an average amine.
Although primarily intended for the measurement of amines listed in Annex A, this document can also
be used for the measurement of other amines in indoor air.
This document describes procedures for the fabrication and gives requirements for the use of glass
tubes containing impregnated filters out of phosphoric acid-impregnated glass wool as samplers, but
does not exclude other samplers with proven equal or improved properties. This document also gives
procedures for the demonstration of equivalence of other sampler types or methods.
This document does not cover the determination of amines in other media like water or soil.
Furthermore, it does not cover the determination of isocyanates in indoor air as corresponding amines
(covered by ISO 17734-1 and ISO 17734-2). Quaternary amines are also not included in this document.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
1) Waters “TQ-D” is an example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is given for the
convenience of users of this document and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product.
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oSIST ISO 16000-38:2019
ISO 16000-38:2019(E)
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/odp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https: //www.e lctropedia .org/
3.1
amines
−3
nitrogen containing compounds with a sufficient vapor pressure (>10 Pa) and a free electron pair at
the nitrogen atom which can be protonated by phosphoric acid
4 Amines in indoor air
4.1 Properties of amines
Amines are basic and polar substances.
There are primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary amines.
Quaternary amines are not included in this document as they have no free electron pair and therefore
have very different properties. In this document, the term “amines” includes primary, secondary, and
tertiary amines only.
Not protonated amines are oxidation sensitive.
The reaction of amines with acids results in ammonium salts of the amines. The ammonium salts are
not oxidation sensitive.
4.2 Origin and occurrence of amines in indoor air
Amines are produced by technical chemical processes and processing and in addition by biotic or abiotic
decomposition of nitrogen compounds. Besides sources of biological origin, indoor air sources of amines
could be, for instance, products containing polyurethane, especially foams, such as in vehicle seats,
mattresses, pillows, and upholstered furniture or as thermal insulation or sound absorbing material.
Several amines, in particular aromatic amines, are known as harmful compounds. Furthermore, most
amines have an unacceptable odour in combination with a low odour threshold.
Further sources are for example food, such as fish (aliphatic amines) and cigarette smoke (aromatic
amines).
5 Sampling strategy — Measurement procedure
5.1 Structure and properties of the samplers
The basic structure of an amine sampler for active sampling consists of a container, preferably a glass
or plastic tube, and a filter. The filter is impregnated with an acid with low vapour pressure and without
an oxidizing effect. In this regard, phosphoric acid is most suitable. The filter material itself shall be
inert, such as untreated glass wool, glass spheres or glass frits. Basically, the inert filter material could
be a porous, inert polymer.
The suggested sampler consists of a glass tube with 6,25 mm outside diameter on a length of 60 mm,
and a tapering on a length of 20 mm with an outside diameter of the tip of 2,5 mm. The suggested filter
consists of 50 mg of untreated glass wool impregnated with approximately 100 µmol or 9,8 mg H PO ,
3 4
respectively.
The sampler that is described as an example in this document (see 5.2) is handmade.
Until now, no verified commercially available amine samplers for active sampling are known.
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oSIST ISO 16000-38
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