ISO/TC 22/SC 34 - Propulsion, powertrain and powertrain fluids

This document specifies the essential dimensional features of expander/rail oil-control rings, without providing a complete product description (because expander‑rail designs vary from piston-ring manufacturer to piston-ring manufacturer, the interaction between the manufacturer and the client will determine specific design details). This document applies to expander/rail oil-control rings of nominal diameters ranging from 40 mm to 140 mm for reciprocating internal combustion engines for road vehicles and other applications. It also applies to piston rings for compressors working under analogous conditions.

This document specifies water quality used for water injection in internal combustion engines. This document defines quality requirements for injection water including instructions for storage, container materials and production. Testing procedures are also defined.

This document establishes a vocabulary for common rail (CR) fuel injection systems for diesel (compression-ignition) engines and their components. The terms defined in this document are unique to common rail fuel injection systems, terms and definitions relating to other fuel injection systems are found in the other parts of the ISO 7876 series.

This document specifies dimensional requirements for 10 types of end-mounting flanges of high-pressure supply pumps for common rail fuel injection systems for use in diesel (compression-ignition) engines.

This document specifies the essential dimensional characteristics of piston pins with a nominal outer diameter from 8 mm up to and including 100 mm, for reciprocating internal combustion engines for road vehicles and other applications. In certain applications, except road vehicles, and provided that mutual agreement is made between the customer and the manufacturer, this document can be used with suitable modifications. In addition, it establishes a vocabulary, a pin-type classification, material description based on mechanical properties, common features and quality requirements. The use of this document can require a manufacturer and customer statistical process control agreement.

This document specifies the essential dimensional features of rectangular rings made of cast iron, Types R, B, BA and M, having diameters up to and including 200 mm, used in reciprocating internal combustion piston engines. It is also applicable to piston rings of compressors working under similar conditions.

This document specifies cleanliness assessment procedures for evaluating the amount of debris found within the clean side of diesel fuel injection assemblies, which could lead to a reduction in the system’s operational effectiveness. While other International Standards, e.g. ISO 16232, relate to cleanliness of components used in road vehicle fluid circuits, this document is focused on diesel fuel injection assemblies as supplied to diesel engine manufacturers or the service market.

This document classifies materials intended for the manufacture of piston rings, based on their mechanical properties and the stresses the materials are capable of withstanding. This document is applicable to piston rings for reciprocating internal combustion engines up to and including those of 200 mm in diameter. It is also applicable to piston rings of compressors working under similar conditions.

This document specifies the dimensions required for the installation and integration of the fuel injectors in gasoline (GDI) engines. It also describes the interface of the fuel injector cup within the fuel rail to the individual injector. NOTE When the word "fuel" is used in the terms listed, it can be omitted, provided there is no misunderstanding.

This document establishes and specifies uniform test procedures, conditions, equipment and a performance report to permit the direct laboratory performance comparison of air cleaners. The basic performance characteristics of greatest interest are air flow restriction or differential pressure, dust collection efficiency, dust capacity and oil carry-over on oil bath air cleaners. This test code therefore deals with the measurement of these parameters. This document is applicable to air cleaners used on internal combustion engines and compressors generally used in automotive and industrial applications.

This document specifies a method for testing engines designed for automotive vehicles. It applies to the evaluation of their performance with a view, in particular to presenting curves of power and specific fuel consumption at full load as a function of engine speed. It applies only to net power assessment. This document concerns internal combustion engines used for propulsion of passenger cars, trucks and other motor vehicles, excluding motorcycles, mopeds and agricultural tractors normally travelling on roads, and included in one of the following categories: — reciprocating internal combustion engines (spark-ignition or compression-ignition) but excluding free piston engines; — rotary piston engines. These engines can be naturally aspirated or pressure-charged, either using a mechanical supercharger or turbocharger.

This document defines particle size distribution by number and chemical content limits involving one grade of test aerosol made from combustion soot.

This document specifies cleanliness assessment procedures for evaluating the amount of debris present on the clean side of the constituent parts of high-pressure gasoline direct fuel injection systems. The presence of such debris could lead to a reduction in the system's operational performance. While other International Standards (e.g. ISO 16232) relate to the cleanliness of different types of components used in road vehicle fluid circuits, this document focuses on the special procedures applied for the components of gasoline direct fuel injection systems.

This document specifies a method for testing internal combustion engines for propulsion of road vehicles as defined in ISO 3833. It applies to the evaluation of their performance with a view, in particular, to presenting curves of power and specific fuel consumption at full load as a function of engine speed. This document is applicable to gross power assessment. This document concerns internal combustion engines used for propulsion of passenger cars, trucks and other motor vehicles, excluding motorcycles, mopeds and agricultural tractors normally travelling on roads, and included in one of the following categories: — reciprocating internal combustion engines (spark-ignition or compression-ignition) but excluding free piston engines; — rotary piston engines. These engines can be naturally aspirated or pressure charged, either using a mechanical supercharger or turbocharger. This document is primarily intended for the communication between the engine manufacturer and the manufacturer of the vehicle. If used for advertising purposes, the ratings will clearly state that they are gross power in accordance with 9.2.

This document defines the measuring principles used for measuring piston pins; it applies to piston pins with a nominal outer diameter from 8 mm up to and including 100 mm, for reciprocating internal combustion engines for road vehicles and other applications. In certain applications, except road vehicles, and provided that mutual agreement is made between the purchaser and the manufacturer, this document can be used with suitable modifications.

This document defines the measuring principles to be used for measuring piston rings; it applies to piston rings up to and including 200 mm diameter for reciprocating internal combustion engines. This document can be used for piston rings for compressors working under analogous conditions.

This document specifies quality aspects that can be defined but that are not normally found on a drawing specification. It covers the following: — single‑piece piston rings of grey cast iron or steel; — multi‑piece piston rings (oil control rings) consisting of cast iron parts and spring components; and — single‑piece and multi‑piece oil control rings of steel, i.e. oil control rings in the form of strip steel components or steel segments (rails) with spring expander components. In addition to specifying some of the limits of acceptance relating to inspection measuring principles (covered by ISO 6621‑2), this document also covers those features for which no recognized quantitative measurement procedures exist and which are only checked visually with normal eyesight (glasses if worn normally) and without magnification. Such features (superficial defects) are additional to the standard tolerances of ring width, radial wall thickness and closed gap. This document does not establish acceptable quality levels (AQL), it being left to manufacturer and customer to decide the appropriate levels jointly. In this case, the recommendations of ISO 2859‑1 are followed. This document specifies the quality requirements of piston rings for reciprocating internal combustion engines for road vehicles and other applications. It is applicable to all such rings of a nominal diameter from 30 mm up to and including 200 mm.

This document defines standardized and repeatable test procedures for the evaluation of blowby oil aerosol separators and filtering devices and specifies laboratory fractional separation efficiency in both open and closed crankcase ventilation systems. Filter life is not evaluated in this document. The conditioned portion of this test only applies to filters that can meet the Dp stability requirements referenced in ISO/TS 17536-2. Conformance of a device to legislation is outside of the scope of this document. Due to limited precision using current equipment, this document is not suitable for filters above an efficiency of 99 %.

This document defines the methodology for the measurement of heat dissipation and pressure loss of liquid cooled engine EGR coolers in internal combustion engines for road vehicles. The principles of this document are valid for clean and fouled EGR coolers.

This document specifies the essential dimensions of coil-spring-loaded oil control rings made of steel, of piston ring types SOR (with R-shaped groove) and SOV (with V-shaped groove). This document applies to coil-spring-loaded oil control rings made of steel with a diameter from 60 mm up to and including 160 mm for reciprocating internal combustion engines. It can also be used for piston rings in compressors working under analogous conditions.

This document specifies the refilling interface for the NOx reduction agent AUS 32 in conformance with ISO 22241‑1, which is needed to operate converters with a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) exhaust treatment system. This document specifies the minimum functional and geometric requirements of an open refilling system, in order to ensure compatibility between the on-board refilling system and the off-board refilling system. Compatibility conditions for a sealed refilling system are provided in Annex A. This document applies to commercial vehicles and buses as defined in ISO 3833 and having a gross vehicle mass of more than 3,5 t, designed to use stationary off-board refilling systems. This document also applies to the nozzle of stationary off-board refilling systems. NOTE Throughout this document, the term "NOx reduction agent AUS 32" is abbreviated to "AUS 32".

This document applies to diesel engine powered road vehicles using selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology. It is primarily intended for use by passenger cars and light commercial vehicles including buses with a gross vehicle mass of not more than 3,5 t, but can also be used by vehicles with a gross vehicle mass of over 3,5 t. This document specifies the refilling interface for the NOx reduction agent AUS 32 in conformance with ISO 22241‑1, which is needed to operate converters with selective catalytic reduction (SCR) exhaust treatment system. This document specifies the essential functional and geometric requirements of the refilling system in order to ensure compatibility between the on-board refilling system and the off-board refilling system. For light commercial vehicles and buses having a gross vehicle mass of not more than 3,5 t, the open refilling system specified in ISO 22241‑4 can be used. NOTE Throughout this document, the term "NOx reduction agent AUS 32" is abbreviated to "AUS 32".

This document specifies test methods required for determination of the quality and chemical characteristics of NOx reduction agent AUS 32 (aqueous urea solution) as specified in ISO 22241-1.

This document specifies the quality characteristics of the NOx reduction agent AUS 32 (aqueous urea solution) which is needed to operate selective catalytic reduction (SCR) converter systems in motor vehicles with diesel engines. SCR converter systems are particularly suitable for selectively reducing the nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions of diesel engines.

This document specifies requirements for applying and documenting methods for determining particulate contamination on functionally-relevant components and systems (cleanliness inspection) of road vehicles. A cleanliness inspection comprises the basis of an assessment of technical cleanliness, which is performed, for example, under the following circumstances: — initial inspection and evaluation; — inspection of incoming and outgoing components; and — quality control or monitoring of manufacturing processes relevant to cleanliness (e.g. cleaning, surface treatment and assembly processes). This document is intended to improve the informative quality and comparability of test results. It also defines the standardized expression of cleanliness specifications and cleanliness test results in the quality chain of the automotive industry. This document does not apply to the following: — detection of filmy contamination (grease, oils, etc.); — application of non-quantifiable particulate detection methods on test components (e.g. visual assessment, wipe test with clean cloth, etc.); and — characterization of operating fluids (fuel, oils, coolants, brake fluid, etc.). This document does not define any cleanliness limit values for specific components or systems. The degree of cleanliness required for a specific component or system is dependent on a number of highly-individual factors. Cleanliness specifications are intended to be undertaken only by specialists who not only know the component concerned but also the system it is built into, the later conditions of use, technically-feasible practices and possible consequences for manufacturing processes and the supply chain. Guidance for deriving limit values can be found in Annex H.

This document specifies dimensional requirements for base-mounted in-line fuel injection pumps and high-pressure supply pumps for common rail fuel injection systems for diesel (compression-ignition) engines.

This document defines standardized and repeatable test procedures by using internal combustion engines for the evaluation of blowby oil aerosol, and aerosol separators and filtering devices by specifying the engine blowby sampling procedure and engine fractional efficiency test in both open and closed crankcase ventilation systems running at steady state. Due to sampling requirements, measuring efficiency when there are transient flow conditions is not in scope. Separator life is not evaluated in this document. Conformance of a device to legislation is outside of the scope of this document.

This document specifies dimensions required for the installation and integration of the high pressure fuel pump in gasoline (GDI) engines. The location of the fuel connections and the dimensions of the pump outside shape are not defined since they vary according to the manufacturer of the pump and to the particular application.

ISO 16332:2018 specifies a fuel/water separator comparison test under defined and simplified laboratory conditions. This test is intended for pressure side fuel/water separators as well as for suction side fuel/water separators. Pressure side fuel/water separators are tested with fine droplets and suction side filters are tested with coarse droplets using the same test rig layout. The rated flow (in litres per hour) is intended for the range between 50 l/h and 1 500 l/h. By agreement between customer and fuel/water separator manufacturer, and with some modifications, the procedures can be used for fuel/water separators with higher or lower flow rates.

ISO 2974:2018 specifies the dimensional requirements of end-connections for high-pressure fuel injection equipment components, used on diesel (compression-ignition) engines. ISO 2974:2018 is applicable to externally threaded 60° female cones (see Figures 1, 2, 5, and 6) and intended for use with high-pressure fuel injection pipe assemblies with tube outside diameters of: - up to and including 12 mm for integral female cones (see Table 1); and - up to and including 9 mm for fabricated female cones (see Table 2). Details of the pipe connection ends referenced in this document are shown in ISO 13296.

ISO 6621-1:2018 defines the most commonly used terms for piston rings. These terms designate either types of piston rings or certain characteristics and phenomena of piston rings. The terms and definitions in this document apply to piston rings for reciprocating internal combustion engines. They may also be used for piston rings of compressors working under analogous conditions. NOTE 1 Further terms and definitions covering measuring principles are given in ISO 6621-2:2003. NOTE 2 This document gives the equivalent terms in the Chinese, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish language.

ISO/TS 17536-2 defines standardized and repeatable test procedures for the evaluation of blowby oil aerosol separators and filtering devices and specifies laboratory gravimetric separation efficiency and system pressure tests in both open and closed crankcase ventilation systems. ISO/TS 17536-2 has a limitation of 0 % to 99 % for aerosol gravimetric efficiency. NOTE Gravimetric efficiencies >99 % may be difficult to measure due to long test durations and absolute filter weight measurements. Filter life is not evaluated in ISO/TS 17536-2. This test method only applies to devices that have a defined tubular inlet, outlet and drain that can be connected to the test equipment. For devices that lack such connections, for example, one that is built into a valve cover, see Annex A.

ISO 12251 specifies dimensional requirements for clamp mounted CR fuel injectors and their corresponding cylinder head features in diesel engines. According to the injector nozzle capnut, the clamp mounted CR fuel injectors can be divided into two types: a) Type A, where the nozzle capnut is straight (see Figure 4); b) Type B, where the nozzle capnut is stepped (see Figure 5). Each clamp mounted CR fuel injector type is subdivided by a series of different sizes. NOTE This differentiation corresponds to the relationship between the two guide diameters of the clamp mounted CR fuel injectors.

ISO 12156-2:2017 specifies the performance requirement (limit) necessary to ensure reliable operation of diesel fuel injection equipment with respect to lubrication by fuel of such equipment. ISO 12156-2:2017 applies to fuels used in diesel engines.

ISO 6624-3:2017 specifies the essential dimensional features of keystone rings made of steel, types T, TB, TBA, TM, K, KB, KBA and KM, having diameters from 70 mm up to and including 160 mm, used in reciprocating internal combustion piston engines.

ISO 6624-1:2017 specifies the essential dimensional features of keystone rings made of cast iron, types T, TB, TBA, TM, K, KB, KBA and KM, having diameters from 70 mm up to and including 200 mm, used in reciprocating internal combustion piston engines.

ISO 22241-3:2017 describes best practice recommendations and requirements for the handling, transportation, and storage of AUS 32. These recommendations and requirements are necessary to preserve the specified quality of AUS 32 from any point of production to the point where it is filled into the on-board tank of a vehicle or other application, in order to ensure the proper function of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) converter systems.

ISO 13296:2016 specifies dimensions and requirements for high-pressure fuel injection pipe assemblies and assembled pipe sets for both integral and fabricated 60° female cones used on diesel (compression-ignition) engines. NOTE Dimensions of integral and fabricated 60° female cone connectors are specified in ISO 2974.

ISO 13948-2:2016 specifies requirements for the connection ends of push-on connections used with fuel injection equipment. Three types of push-on connections (types A, B and C) are described in this document.

ISO 8535-1:2016 specifies dimensions and requirements for seamless cold-drawn single-wall steel tubes for high-pressure fuel injection pipes used on diesel (compression-ignition) engines (class 2) and for fuel injection pump testing (class 1). ISO 8535-1:2016 applies to diesel (compression-ignition) engines.

ISO 2698:2016 specifies dimensions necessary for the mounting of fuel injectors in diesel (compression-ignition) engines. The location of the fuel inlet and leak-off connections, and the dimensions of the clamp are not defined since they vary according to the particular application. ISO 2698:2016 applies to clamp-mounted injectors of types 7 and 28 made of an integral nozzle and nozzle holder design with a 9,5 mm (nominal) injector shank diameter.

ISO 18418-1:2016 specifies the dimensional requirements of medium-pressure pipe end-connections for gasoline (spark ignition) engine fuel injection equipment. It is applicable to externally threaded end-connections having a 60° female cone (see Figure 1), as well as to the pipe end assemblies of medium-pressure fuel injection pipes with outside diameters of up to and including 10 mm (see Table 1).

ISO 12103-1:2016 defines particle size distribution and chemical content limits involving four grades of test dust made from Arizona desert sand.

ISO 6624-2:2016 specifies the essential dimensional features of half keystone rings made of cast iron, types HK, HKB and HKBA, having nominal diameters from 38 mm up to, and including, 160 mm, used in reciprocating internal combustion piston engines for road vehicles and other applications.

ISO 6624-4:2016 specifies the essential dimensional features of half keystone rings made of steel, types HK, HKB and HKBA, having nominal diameters from 50 mm up to, and including, 160 mm, used in reciprocating internal combustion piston engines for road vehicles and other applications.

ISO 17536-1:2015 specifies general conditions, defines terms and establishes the basic principles for blowby oil aerosol separator performance tests by laboratory or engine and gravimetric or fractional test method.

ISO 13948-1:2015 specifies dimensions and requirements for mechanical, threaded connections used on diesel fuel injection pumps and fuel injectors for the connection of low-pressure fuel, lubrication oil or air supply. Five types of threaded connections (types A to E) are described in this part of ISO 13948. Type A is commonly used for both pumps and injectors, while types B to E are for diesel fuel injection pumps only. NOTE: Low-pressure connections to fuel filters are covered in other International Standards; see the Bibliography. High-pressure end-connections for pumps and injectors are covered in ISO 2974

ISO 6519:2015 specifies the dimensions of tapered shaft ends and hubs of fuel injection pumps and common-rail high pressure pumps for diesel (compression-ignition) engines. The specified shaft ends and hubs may be used with or without Woodruff keys. NOTE The specified shaft ends and hubs can also be used for other applications where no specific standards exist.