ISO/TC 218 - Timber

This document defines terms relating to technological operations in the logging industry. NOTE See ISO 6814 for terms and definitions related to mobile and self-propelled machinery used in forestry.

This document specifies a method for determining the ultimate strength in shearing parallel to grain of small clear wood specimens by measuring the breaking load applied statically along the radial or the tangential plane of a test piece.

This document lists the terms and definitions relating to general concepts, macrostructure, sampling, and methods of physical and mechanical testing of wood. Other terminologies that are not mentioned in this standard are defined in ISO 24294.

This document defines terms related to round and sawn timber. It applies to identification of a tree and its components, stages of processing in round and sawn forms, and timber grading, dimensions, anatomical structure, features, moisture content and conditions relating to stain, fungal and insect attack. It does not apply to terms related to strength properties of wood, engineered timber products or timber structures.

This document specifies a method for determining the strength in compression perpendicular to grain of wood.

This document specifies methods for the extensive and limited sampling of wood, conditioning and preparation of test pieces. It also specifies the general requirements for physical and mechanical testing of small clear wood specimens. The sampling guidance provided in this document can be applied for timber taken from either trees, logs, or pieces of ungraded/graded/presorted sawn timber for non-structural applications, such as furniture, windows, doors, etc., only.

This document establishes terms and definitions for expressing as correctly as possible concepts relating to wood flooring, parquet and raw parquet blocks. This document aims to clarify terms and definition of wood floorings and parquet and avoid any confusion with other types of floorings.

ISO 19474:2018 defines requirements to methods of determination of visual characteristics of round timber.

ISO 13061-10:2017 specifies a method for determining the impact bending strength of wood.

ISO 13061-17:2017 specifies a method for determining the ultimate stress in compression parallel to grain of wood.

ISO 13061-11:2017 specifies a method for the determination of the resistance of wood to impact indentation by a steel ball.

ISO 13061-12:2017 specifies a method for determining of the static hardness of wood by measuring resistance of a test piece to the penetration of a plunger under gradually increasing load.

ISO 13061-15:2017 specifies a method for the determination of linear swelling in the radial and tangential directions of wood.

ISO 13061-16:2017 specifies methods for the determination of volumetric swelling of wood.

ISO 13061-14:2016 specifies methods for the determination of volumetric shrinkage of wood.

ISO 13061-13:2016 specifies a method for the determination of linear shrinkage in the radial and tangential directions of wood.

ISO 8903:2016 specifies nominal sizes of unplanned, square-edged and unedged, sawn timber.

ISO 13061-7:2014 specifies a method for the determination of ultimate tensile stress of wood perpendicular to grain of small clear specimens in the radial and tangential directions by measuring the breaking load applied statically perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a test piece.

ISO 13061-4:2014 specifies a method for determining the modulus of elasticity of wood in static bending by measuring the deflection in the mid-span of a simply supported beam.

ISO 13061-6:2014 specifies a method for determining the ultimate tensile stress of wood parallel to grain on small clear specimens by measuring the breaking load applied statically along the longitudinal axis of a test piece.

ISO 13061-3:2014 specifies a method for determining the ultimate strength of wood in static bending by measuring the breaking load applied in the mid-span of a simply supported beam.

ISO 17959:2014 specifies the requirements and test methods of characteristics of solid wood flooring boards for internal (interior) use as flooring. It also specifies packaging and marking requirements. It is applicable to both finished and unfinished solid wood flooring board. Solid wood parquet is not covered.

ISO 13061-1:2014 specifies oven-drying methods for determining the moisture content of wood for physical and mechanical tests on small clear wood specimens.

ISO 13061-2:2014 specifies a method for determining the density of wood for physical and mechanical tests on small clear wood specimens. It may also be used to determine density of test specimens for other physical or mechanical test and/or to determine the relationship between density and other properties of wood.

ISO 16415:2012 delineates and illustrates broad grade categories that specify essential features typically found in those categories based on commonalities of numerous national standards and grading rules used for non-structural timber of non-coniferous and coniferous species in international commerce. ISO 16415:2012 provides a basis for recognition of a national standard or grading rules that complies with ISO 16415:2012 and is applicable to all methods of visual grading systems for non-structural timber of all non-coniferous and coniferous species of timber. Non-structural timber produced from bamboo is not covered by ISO 16415:2012.

ISO 13059:2011 establishes requirements for the measurement of dimensions and methods for the determination of round timber volume.

Specifies the methods of measurement of the length, width, thickness and volume of sawn timber. Applies to unplaned, square-edged and unedged sawn timber

Refers to the classification in ISO 4473 and to terms and definitions given in ISO 4474. Examples are illustrated in 13 figures. Where linear measurement is specified, this always refers to whole centimetres rounded off to the nearest centimetre below.

This method is based on the load proportional limit and the load at a defined deformation which are given in the "load/deflection" curve. Stresses at these loads are calculated. Testing of small defect-free test pieces of wood is not covered.

This International Standard specifies a method of testing sawn timber of coniferous and broadleaved species in shearing parallel to the grain to determine the ultimate strength.

Divides non-assembled strips into three quality grades that are identified by (+++), (++), (+) corresponding to the conditions specified in the tables. Designation or names for these quality grades may be assigned in national standards, provided that such standard indicate, at least in a note, the relationship with the ISO classification. Replaces Recommendation ISO/R 1324-1970 of which it constitutes a technical revision.

Specifies requirements for square-edged and unedged, planed and unplaned sawn timber. Appropriate definitions are given and illustrated in the figure. Dimensions and mass are listed in a table.

The method of selecting the appropriate test areas is described. Annexes A to E provide forms for the following: A = Description of the test area and taxation characteristics; B = Overall inventory report on trees growing in the test area No....; C = Inventory report on trees of species to be examined in test area No....; D = Inventory report on selection of sample trees in test area; E = Card of sample tree No....

Two methods are specified: a) Measuring the electrical resistance or conductance of the test pieces using an electrical moisture meter and b) determining the loss in mass after drying test pieces until absolutely dry.

Divides the blocks by quality into the three grades (+++), (++), and (+) corresponding to the conditions stated in the tables. Refers to a protection treatment to the parts of the strips liable to be attacked by insects. The regulations for manufacture, characteristics and delivery conditions are fixed by ISO 1027.

Divides the blocks by quality into the two grades I and II corresponding to the conditions stated in the tables. The regulations for manufacture, characteristics and delivery conditions are fixed by ISO 5321.

Applies to paving used for covered (indoor) and open (outdoor) spaces. Blocks made of Fagus sylvatica wood are intended for use in covered spaces only. The permissible wood or sawing defects are listed in a table.

Specifies manufacture, dimensions, tolerances and the inspection and delivery conditions and marking. The common and special shapes are shown in figures. Applies to blocks used for paving covered (indoor) and open (outdoor) spaces. Describes the methods of protection treatment.

Applies to blocks intended for the manufacture of strips for different types of parquet flooring. Specified are materials, design and manufacture, dimensions, squareness of ends, and permissible deviations, moisture, the methods of sampling and quality control, and delivery conditions, measurement and marking.

Divides the non-assembled strips by quality into the three grade (+++), (++), and (+) corresponding to the conditions stated in the tables. The regulations for manufacture, characteristics and delivery conditions are fixed by ISO 1027.

Applies to paving used for covered (indoor) and open (outdoor) spaces. The permissible wood or sawing defects and corresponding acceptance conditions are listed in a table.

Divides the blocks used for manufacturing different types of parquets by quality into the three grades I, II, and M corresponding to the conditions stated in the tables. Grade M is mainly intended for manufacturing mosaic parquet. The regulations for manufacture, characteristics and delivery conditions are fixed by ISO 3397.

Lays down manufacturing characteristics and dimensions, permissible deviations, methods for quality control and delivery conditions, measurement and marking assisted by tables and examples.

Divides non-assembled strips into two quality grades that are identified by (+++) and (++) corresponding to the conditions specified in the tables. The regulations for manufacture, characteristics and delivery conditions are fixed by ISO 1072. Replaces the first edition from 1972.

Divides the blocks by quality into the two grades I and II corresponding to the conditions stated in the tables. Unless otherwise requested, the wood shall be steamed before delivery and the type of sawing may be the subject of special agreements in the orders. The regulations for manufacture, characteristics and delivery conditions are fixed by ISO 3397.

These symbols are composed of four adjoining capital letters, not separated by points and not followed by a full stop. The letter X as the fourth indicates that any species of the respective genus is concerned. When characteristic differences presented by different species of one genus are to be taken into account, the fourth letter is the first of the species name. The Annex contains the code of symbols.