ISO/TC 22/SC 37 - Electrically propelled vehicles

This document specifies requirements for operational safety specific to electrically propelled road vehicles, for the protection of persons inside and outside the vehicle. Relevant requirements for motorcycles and mopeds are outside the scope of this document, they are described in the ISO 13063 series. This document does not provide comprehensive safety information for manufacturing, maintenance, and repair personnel. This document does not consider specific aspects of driving automation features. NOTE 1 For the definition of the term “driving automation features”, see SAE J3016. EMC is not covered by this document. NOTE 2 For EMC see ISO 11451 and IEC 61851-21-1.

This document specifies electrical safety requirements for voltage class B electric circuits of electric propulsion systems and conductively connected auxiliary electric systems of electrically propelled road vehicles. It specifies electrical safety requirements for protection of persons against electric shock and thermal incidents. It does not provide comprehensive safety information for manufacturing, maintenance and repair personnel. NOTE 1 Electrical safety requirements for post-crash are described in ISO 6469-4. NOTE 2 Electrical safety requirements for conductive connections of electrically propelled road vehicles to an external electric power supply are described in ISO 17409. NOTE 3 Specific electrical safety requirements for magnetic field wireless power transfer between an external electric power supply and an electrically propelled vehicle are described in ISO 19363. NOTE 4 Electrical safety requirements for motorcycles and mopeds are described in the ISO 13063 series.

This document specifies a chassis dynamometer test procedure to determine the end of the charge-depleting state (CD) and consumed electric energy during CD state. The identification of the end of the CD state is an important step for procedures to determine exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. Final determination of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption is not included in this document. This document applies to vehicles with the following characteristics. — The vehicles are hybrid-electric road vehicles (HEV) with an internal combustion engine (ICE) and an on-board rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) for vehicle propulsion which is supplied with electric energy from an external electric power source. — A CD state, in which the electric energy in the RESS from an external electric power source is consumed, is followed by a charge-sustaining (CS) state in which the fuel energy is consumed sustaining the electric energy of the RESS. — Only batteries are assumed as the RESS of a vehicle. — The RESS is not charged while driving unless by regenerative braking and/or by generative operation driven via the ICE. — External charge for the purpose of conditioning of the RESS is not included. NOTE 1 Trolleybuses and solar powered vehicles are not included in the scope. — The vehicle is classified as a passenger car or light duty truck, as defined in the relevant regional applicable driving test (ADT) standard. — For the ICE, only liquid fuels (for example, gasoline and diesel fuel) are used. NOTE 2 In the case of vehicles with ICE using other fuel [for example, compressed natural gas (CNG), hydrogen (H2)], this document can apply except the measurement of consumed fuel; otherwise the measurement method for those using the corresponding fuel can apply. — The nominal energy of the RESS is at least 2 % of the total energy of consumed fuel over an ADT

This document specifies operating load tests and test criteria for the motor system designed as a voltage class B electric propulsion system for electrically propelled road vehicles.

This document specifies performance tests and each evaluation for the DC/DC converter in the voltage class B electric propulsion system of electrically propelled road vehicles.

This document specifies the operating load test and test criteria for the DC/DC converter designed as a voltage class B electric propulsion system of electrically propelled road vehicles.

This document applies to voltage class B electric propulsion systems and connected auxiliary electric systems of electrically propelled road vehicles. It applies to electric circuits and components in these systems. This document focuses on the characteristics at the DC voltage class B terminals of these components as specified in ISO 21498-1. It describes testing methods, test conditions and test requirements for components exposed to electrical behaviour caused by operation of electric loads and power sources. This document does not cover electrical safety (see ISO 6469, ISO 17409).

This document applies to voltage class B electric propulsion systems and connected auxiliary electric systems of electrically propelled road vehicles. Additionally, it applies to electric circuits and components in these systems. This document provides specifications of voltage sub-classes related to DC electric circuits. It also provides specifications of characteristics which are relevant for design and operation of systems and components for the voltage sub-classes. This document does not cover electrical safety (see ISO 17409 and the ISO 6469 series).

This document defines the requirements and operation of the on-board vehicle equipment that enables magnetic field wireless power transfer (MF-WPT) for traction battery charging of electric vehicles. It is intended to be used for passenger cars and light duty vehicles. This document addresses the following aspects for an EV device: — safety requirements; — transferred power and power transfer efficiency; — ground clearance of the EV device; — functionality with associated off-board systems under various conditions and independent of manufacturer; — test procedures. EV devices that fulfil the requirements in this document are intended to operate with supply devices that fulfil the MF-WPT related requirements in the IEC 61980 series. NOTE 1 Charging of a vehicle in motion is not considered in this edition. NOTE 2 Bi-directional power transfer is not considered in this edition.

This document specifies electric safety requirements for conductive connection of electrically propelled road vehicles to external electric circuits. External electric circuits include external electric power supplies and external electric loads. This document provides requirements for the charging modes 2, 3, 4, as defined in IEC 61851-1, and reverse power transfer. For mode 4, this document provides requirements regarding the connection to an isolated DC EV charging station according to IEC 61851-23. NOTE 1 This edition does not provide requirements for mode 1. NOTE 2 External electric circuits are not part of the vehicle. This document applies to the on-board sections of vehicle power supply circuits. It applies also to dedicated power supply control functions used for the connection of the vehicle to an external electric circuit. It does not provide comprehensive safety information for manufacturing, maintenance and repair personnel. NOTE 3 ISO 6469-3 provides general electrical safety requirements for electrically propelled road vehicles. NOTE 4 With this edition of this document the limitation of y-capacitance for protection against electric shock under single failure conditions is no longer applicable as a fault protection provision when the vehicle has a conductive DC connection to an external electric circuit.

This document specifies performance tests for the motor and the inverter designed as a voltage class B electric propulsion system for electrically propelled road vehicles.

This document specifies operating load tests and test criteria for motor and inverter designed as a voltage class B electric propulsion system for electrically propelled road vehicles.

This document specifies a chassis dynamometer test procedure to measure the exhaust emissions and the electric energy and fuel consumption for the vehicles. This document applies to vehicles with the following characteristics: — vehicles classified as passenger cars or light duty trucks, as defined in the relevant regional applicable driving test (ADT) standard; — the nominal energy of the rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) is at least 2 % of the total energy consumption over an ADT; — internal combustion engine (ICE) only using liquid fuels (for example, gasoline and diesel fuel). NOTE In the case of the vehicles with ICE using other fuel [for example, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), hydrogen], this document can apply except the measurement of consumed fuel; otherwise the measurement method for those using the corresponding fuel can apply. This document proposes procedures for correcting the measured emissions and fuel consumption of hybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs), in order to obtain the values when the state of charge (SOC) of the RESS does not remain the same between the beginning and the end of an ADT. It can also be applied to measurement procedures for exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of externally chargeable HEVs when a vehicle is not externally charged and operated only in the charge sustaining (CS) state, as described in ISO 23274‑2.

This document specifies the test procedures for performance and operating load for voltage class B electric propulsion components (motor, inverter, DC/DC converter) and their combinations (motor system) of electrically propelled road vehicles. This document specifies the terms and definitions used in the ISO 21782 series and general test conditions.

This document specifies the performance tests for the motor system designed as a voltage class B electric propulsion system for electrically propelled road vehicles.

This document specifies safety requirements for rechargeable energy storage systems (RESS) of electrically propelled road vehicles for the protection of persons. It does not provide the comprehensive safety information for the manufacturing, maintenance and repair personnel. NOTE 1 Requirements for motorcycles and mopeds are specified in ISO 13063 and ISO 18243. NOTE 2 Additional safety requirements can apply for RESS that can be recharged by means different from supplying electric energy (e.g. redox flow battery).

This document establishes a vocabulary of terms and the related definitions used in ISO/TC 22/SC 37 standards.

This document specifies measurement methods for the maximum system propulsion power of hybrid-electric vehicles (HEV). The results can be compared with the data of internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) power measured with the relevant current method. NOTE ISO 1585 and UN Regulation No. 85, for example. This document applies only to the vehicles with the following characteristics: — HEVs with an internal combustion engine (ICE) and one or more electric motors powered by one or more rechargeable energy storage systems (RESS) for propulsion; — vehicles classified as passenger cars or light duty trucks.

This document specifies test procedures for the basic characteristics of performance, reliability and electrical functionality for the battery packs and systems for either high-power or high-energy application. Unless otherwise stated, the test applies to both applications. NOTE 1 Typical applications for high-power battery packs and systems are hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and some type of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). NOTE 2 Typical applications for high-energy battery packs and systems are battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and some type of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). NOTE 3 Testing on cell level is specified in IEC 62660 series.

ISO 18300:2016 specifies the lithium-ion battery systems combined with lead acid battery or electric double layer capacitor to be used for automotive applications in voltage class A systems. document applies only to combinations of such electric energy storages that are integrated in a common housing. It specifies configurations, test procedures, and requirements for such combinations.

ISO 6469-4:2015 specifies safety requirements for the electric propulsion systems and conductively connected auxiliary electric systems of electrically propelled road vehicles for the protection of persons inside and outside the vehicle. It specifies electrical safety requirements for vehicle post-crash conditions. It applies to electrically propelled road vehicles with voltage class B electric circuits. It does not apply to motorcycles and mopeds. It does not specify any crash test procedure. The safety requirements of this part of ISO 6469-4:2015 apply to applicable vehicles in accordance with published crash test procedures of each country or region. Applicable vehicles are those vehicles which are explicitly specified in these crash test procedures. It does not provide comprehensive safety information for first responders, emergency services, maintenance, and repair personnel.

ISO 23828:2013 specifies the procedures for measuring the energy consumption of fuel cell passenger cars and light-duty trucks that use compressed hydrogen and which are not externally chargeable.

ISO 23273:2013 specifies the essential requirements for fuel cell vehicles (FCV) with respect to the protection of persons and the environment inside and outside the vehicle against hydrogen-related hazards. It applies only to such FCV where compressed hydrogen is used as fuel for the fuel cell system. ISO 23273:2013 does not apply to manufacturing, maintenance, and repair. The requirements of ISO 23273:2013 address both normal operating (fault-free) and single-fault conditions of the vehicles.

ISO/TR 11954:2008 describes test procedures for measuring the maximum road speed of fuel cell passenger cars and light duty trucks which use compressed hydrogen and which are not externally chargeable, in accordance with national or regional standards or legal requirements.

This International Standard specifies test procedures for measuring the reference energy consumption and reference range of purely electrically propelled passenger cars and commercial vehicles of a maximum authorized total mass of 3 500 kg and maximum speed greater than or equal to 70 km/h.

This International Standard specifies the procedures for measuring the road performance of purely electrically propelled passenger cars and commercial vehicles of a maximum authorized total mass of 3 500 kg1_. The road performance comprises road operating characteristics such as speed, acceleration and hill climbing ability.

This document specifies electrical safety requirements for voltage class B electric circuits of electric propulsion systems and conductively connected auxiliary electric systems of electrically propelled road vehicles. It specifies electrical safety requirements for protection of persons against electric shock and thermal incidents. It does not provide comprehensive safety information for manufacturing, maintenance and repair personnel. NOTE 1 Electrical safety requirements for post-crash are described in ISO 6469‑4. NOTE 2 Electrical safety requirements for conductive connections of electrically propelled road vehicles to an external electric power supply are described in ISO 17409. NOTE 3 Specific electrical safety requirements for magnetic field wireless power transfer between an external electric power supply and an electrically propelled vehicle are described in ISO PAS 19363. NOTE 4 Electrical safety requirements for motorcycles and mopeds are described in ISO 13063.

ISO 6469-2:2018 specifies requirements for operational safety specific to electrically propelled road vehicles, for the protection of persons inside and outside the vehicle. NOTE 1 Relevant requirements for motorcycles and mopeds are described in ISO 13063. ISO 6469-2:2018 does not provide comprehensive safety information for manufacturing, maintenance and repair personnel. ISO 6469-2:2018 does not consider specific aspects of driving automation features. NOTE 2 For definition of the term "driving automation features", see SAE J3016.

ISO/PAS 19363:2017 defines the requirements and operation of the on-board vehicle equipment that enables magnetic field wireless power transfer (MF-WPT) for traction battery charging of electric vehicles. It is intended to be used for passenger cars and light duty vehicles. ISO/PAS 19363:2017 addresses the following aspects for an EV device: - transferred power; - ground clearance; - interoperability requirements among differently classified EV devices and associated off-vehicle systems; - performance requirements under various conditions, including among different manufacturers and classifications; - safety requirements; - test procedures. EV devices according to ISO/PAS 19363:2017 are intended to operate with off-board systems currently under development in the IEC 61980 series. NOTE 1 This edition covers stationary applications. NOTE 2 Bidirectional power transfer is not considered in this edition.

ISO/PAS 19295:2016 provides specification of voltage sub-classes for electric propulsion systems and conductively connected auxiliary electric systems of electrically propelled road vehicles. The voltage sub-classes are related to d.c. electric circuits. It applies only to electric circuits and components with maximum working voltages according to voltage class B. ISO/PAS 19295:2016 provides specifications of characteristics which are relevant for design and operation of components and systems for the standardized voltage sub-classes. It enables vehicle manufacturers and supply industry to evaluate the characteristics of components or systems for their specific vehicle applications.

ISO 17409:2015 specifies electric safety requirements for conductive connections of electrically propelled road vehicles to an external electric power supply using a plug or vehicle inlet. It applies to electrically propelled road vehicles with voltage class B electric circuits. In general, it may apply to motorcycles and mopeds if no dedicated standards for these vehicles exist. It applies only to vehicle power supply circuits. It applies also to dedicated power supply control functions used for the connection of the vehicle to an external electric power supply. It does not provide requirements regarding the connection to a non-isolated d.c. charging station. It does not provide comprehensive safety information for manufacturing, maintenance, and repair personnel. The requirements when the vehicle is not connected to the external electric power supply are specified in ISO 6469‑3. NOTE 1 This International Standard does not contain requirements for vehicle power supply circuits using protection by class II or double/reinforced insulation but it is not the intention to exclude such vehicle applications. NOTE 2 Requirements for EV supply equipment are specified in IEC 61851.

ISO 12405-3:2014 specifies test procedures and provides acceptable safety requirements for voltage class B lithium-ion battery packs and systems, to be used as traction batteries in electrically propelled road vehicles. Traction battery packs and systems used for two-wheel or three-wheel vehicles are not covered by ISO 12405-3:2014. ISO 12405-3:2014 is related to the testing of safety performance of battery packs and systems for their intended use in a vehicle. ISO 12405-3:2014 is not intended to be applied for the evaluation of the safety of battery packs and systems during transport, storage, vehicle production, repair, and maintenance services.

ISO 23274-1:2013 specifies a chassis dynamometer test procedure to measure the exhaust emissions and the electric energy and fuel consumption for the vehicles. It applies to vehicles with the following characteristics: the vehicle is classified as passenger cars or light duty trucks, as defined in each regional annex; the nominal energy of the rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) is at least 2 % of the total energy consumption over an applicable driving test (ADT); internal combustion engine (ICE) only using liquid fuels (for example, gasoline and diesel fuel). In the case of vehicles with ICE using other fuel [for example, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), hydrogen], this part of ISO 23274 can apply except the measurement of consumed fuel; otherwise the measurement method for those using the corresponding fuel can apply. ISO 23274-1:2013 proposes procedures for correcting the measured emissions and fuel consumption of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), in order to obtain the values when the battery state of charge (SOC) of the RESS does not remain the same between the beginning and the end of an ADT. It can also be applied to measurement procedures for exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of externally chargeable HEVs when a vehicle is not externally charged and operated only in the charge sustaining (CS) state, as described in ISO 23274-2. For CS state, see ISO 23274-2.

ISO/IEC PAS 16898:2012 specifies a designation system as well as the shapes and dimensions for secondary lithium-ion cells for integration into battery packs and systems used in electrically propelled road vehicles including the position of the terminals and any over-pressure safety device (OPSD). It is related to cylindrical, prismatic and pouch cells. The cell designation according to ISO/IEC PAS 16898:2012 is intended to be applied to the cells used for electrically propelled road vehicles. ISO/IEC PAS 16898:2012 does not apply to cells specifically used for mopeds, motorcycles and vehicles not primarily defined as road vehicles, i.e. material handling trucks or forklifts. The cell dimensions listed in ISO/IEC PAS 16898:2012 are recommended but not restricted for use in passenger cars up to 3,5 t. The inner design, the cell chemistry, the electrical characteristics and any further properties of the cells are not defined in ISO/IEC PAS 16898:2012.

ISO 23274-2:2012 specifies a chassis dynamometer test procedure to determine the end of CD (charge-depleting) state and consumed electric energy during CD state. The identification of the end of CD state is an important step for procedures to determine exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. Final determination of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption is not included in ISO 23274-2:2012. ISO 23274-2:2012 applies to vehicles with the following characteristics. The vehicles are hybrid-electric road vehicles (HEV) with an internal combustion engine (ICE) and the on-board rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) for vehicle propulsion which is supplied by electric energy from the stationary external power source. A CD state, in which the electric energy in RESS from the stationary external power source is consumed, is followed by a CS (charge-sustaining) state in which the fuel energy is consumed sustaining the electric energy of the RESS. Only batteries are assumed as the RESS of a vehicle. The RESS is not charged while driving unless by regenerative braking and/or by generating by ICE. The vehicle is classified as a passenger car or light duty truck, as defined in each regional annex. Only liquid fuels (for example, gasoline and diesel fuel) are used. Trolleybuses and solar powered vehicles are not included in the scope. In the case of vehicles with ICE using other fuel [for example, compressed natural gas (CNG), hydrogen (H2)], ISO 23274-2:2012 can apply except the measurement of consumed fuel; otherwise the measurement method for those using the corresponding fuel can apply.

ISO/TR 8713:2012 establishes a vocabulary of terms and the related definitions used in ISO TC22/SC21 standards. These terms are specific to the electric propulsion systems of electrically propelled road vehicles, i. e. battery electric vehicles (BEV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV, PHEV), and (pure and hybrid electric) fuel cell vehicles (FCV, FCHEV).

ISO 6469-3:2011 specifies requirements for the electric propulsion systems and conductively connected auxiliary electric systems, if any, of electrically propelled road vehicles for the protection of persons inside and outside the vehicle against electric shock. ISO 6469-3:2011 does not apply to motorcycles and vehicles not primarily intended as road vehicles, such as material handling trucks or forklifts. ISO 6469-3:2011 applies only to on-board electric circuits with maximum working voltages according to voltage class B. ISO 6469-3:2011 does not provide comprehensive safety information for manufacturing, maintenance and repair personnel.

ISO 12405-1:2011 specifies test procedures for lithium-ion battery packs and systems for use in electrically propelled road vehicles. The specified test procedures enable the determination of the essential characteristics of performance, reliability and abuse of lithium-ion battery packs and systems. They assist the user of ISO 12405-1:2011 to compare the test results achieved for different battery packs or systems. Therefore, ISO 12405-1:2011 specifies standard test procedures for basic characteristics of performance, reliability and abuse of lithium-ion battery packs and systems. It enables the setting up of a dedicated test plan for an individual battery pack or system subject to agreement between the customer and supplier. If required, the relevant test procedures and/or test conditions of lithium-ion battery packs and systems can be selected from the standard tests provided in ISO 12405-1:2011 to configure a dedicated test plan. ISO 12405-1:2011 specifies tests for high-power battery packs and systems.

ISO 6469-2:2009 specifies requirements for operational safety means and protection against failures related to hazards specific to electrically propelled road vehicles, including battery-electric vehicles (BEVs), fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), for the protection of persons inside and outside the vehicle and the vehicle environment. ISO 6469-2:2009 does not apply to motorcycles and vehicles not primarily intended as road vehicles, such as material handling trucks or fork-lift trucks. Requirements related to internal combustion engine (ICE) systems of HEVs are not covered in ISO 6469-2:2009. ISO 6469-2:2009 applies only if the maximum working voltage of the on-board electrical propulsion system is lower than the upper voltage class B limit. ISO 6469-2:2009 does not provide comprehensive safety information for manufacturing, maintenance and repair personnel.

ISO 6469-1:2009 specifies requirements for the on-board rechargeable energy storage systems (RESS) of electrically propelled road vehicles, including battery-electric vehicles (BEVs), fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), for the protection of persons inside and outside the vehicle and the vehicle environment. Flywheels are not included in the scope of ISO 6469-1:2009. ISO 6469-1:2009 does not apply to RESS in motorcycles and vehicles not primarily intended as road vehicles, such as material handling trucks or fork-lift trucks. ISO 6469-1:2009 applies only to RESS in on-board voltage class B electric circuits for vehicle propulsion. ISO 6469-1:2009 does not provide comprehensive safety information for manufacturing, maintenance and repair personnel.

ISO/TR 11955 describes procedures of charge balance measurement to ensure necessary and sufficient accuracy of a fuel consumption test on hybrid-electric vehicles (HEV) with batteries, which is conducted based on ISO 23274.