ISO 13602-1:2002

Technical energy systems — Methods for analysis — Part 1: General

ISO 13602-1 provides methods to analyse, characterize and compare technical energy systems (TESs) with all their inputs, outputs and risk factors. It contains rules and guidelines for the methodology for such analyses. ISO 13602-1 is intended to establish relations between inputs and outputs and thus to facilitate certification, marking and labelling.

Systèmes d'énergie technique — Méthodes d'analyse — Partie 1: Généralités

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 13-Nov-2002
• Withdrawal Date: 13-Nov-2002
• ICS: 27.010 - Energy and heat transfer engineering in general
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 203 - Technical energy systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 203 - Technical energy systems
• Current Stage: 9599 - Withdrawal of International Standard
• Completion Date: 10-Dec-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13602-1
First edition
2002-11-01

Technical energy systems — Methods for
analysis —
Part 1:
General
Systèmes d'énergie technique — Méthodes d'analyse —
Partie 1: Généralités




Reference number
ISO 13602-1:2002(E)
©
ISO 2002

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 13602-1:2002(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not
be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this
file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this
area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters
were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event
that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.


©  ISO 2002
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body
in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 13602-1:2002(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction. v
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references. 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
4 Methods of analysis of TES. 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 TESs yielding comparable energy services . 4
5 I-O (input-output) analysis of TES . 5
5.1 Elementary I-O model . 5
5.2 Life cycle and operational I-O categories. 5
5.3 Quantification of I-O on the A- and B-axes. 8
5.4 Capital investments . 9
6 Uses of functional units. 9
7 Calculation of external cost and risks . 10
8 Loops. 11
9 Data quality requirements . 11
Annex A (informative) TES I-O model Compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) . 12
Annex B (informative) TES I-O model Refrigerator . 14
Annex C (informative) TES I-O model Co-generation unit. 15
Bibliography. 16

© ISO 2002 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 13602-1:2002(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 13602 may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 13602-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 203, Technical energy systems.
ISO 13602 consists of the following parts, under the general title Technical energy systems — Methods for
analysis:
 Part 1: General
Other parts are under preparation.
Annexes A, B and C of this part of ISO 13602 are for information only.
iv © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 13602-1:2002(E)
Introduction
International Standards ISO 13600, ISO 13601 and ISO 13602 (all parts) are intended to be used as tools to
define, describe, analyse and compare technical energy systems (TESs) at micro and macro levels. These tools
enable the user to make objective choices of TESs in their total technical, economic, environmental and social
contexts and thus to help consensus-building and decision-making.
ISO 13600 covers basic definitions and terms needed to define and describe TESs in general and TESs of
energyware supply and demand sectors in particular. ISO 13601 covers structures that can be used to describe
and analyse subsectors at the macro level of energyware supply and demand, while ISO 13602 (all parts)
facilitates the description and analysis of any technical energy systems with an emphasis on systems at the
microlevel.

© ISO 2002 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13602-1:2002(E)

Technical energy systems — Methods for analysis —
Part 1:
General
1 Scope
This part of ISO 13602 provides methods to analyse, characterize and compare technical energy systems (TESs)
with all their inputs, outputs and risk factors. It contains rules and guidelines for the methodology for such analyses.
This part of ISO 13602 is intended to establish relations between inputs and outputs and thus to facilitate
certification, marking and labelling.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this part of ISO 13602. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications
do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 13602 are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated
references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 13600:1997, Technical energy systems — Basic concepts
ISO 14040:1997, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Principles and framework
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO 13602, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
embedded energy
total amount of energy directly used to produce or process inputs to make a TES
NOTE Upon decommissioning and in recycling the materials, some of the embedded energy can sometimes be reclaimed.
3.2
technical energy system
TES
combination of equipment and plant interacting with each other to produce, consume, or in many cases transform,
store, transport or handle energyware and other energy resources
NOTE TESs also include other resources, expanding the definition given in ISO 13600:1997, item 2.24.
© ISO 2002 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 13602-1:2002(E)
3.3
energy resource
any matter or phenomenon that can be converted into energyware or directly into energy services, which can be
classified as a renewable, non-renewable or reclaimable resource
NOTE See Table 4 for examples of energy resources.
3.4
energy service
useful, measurable output of any energy-use system
NOTE See Table 5 for examples of energy services for defined functional units.
3.5
energy-use system
part of a technical energy system converting energyware or other energy sources into energy services
3.6
functional unit
quantified performance of a technical energy system for use as a reference unit
3.7
renewable resource
natural resource for which the ratio of the creation of the natural resource to the output of that resource from nature
to the technosphere is equal to or greater than one
3.8
capital goods
input to a technical energy system composed of investment goods and construction materials
3.9
capital investment
capital goods and construction or installation activities composing a technical energy system
4 Methods of analysis of TES
4.1 General
The methods for the analysis of TESs have two distinctly different but complementary purposes.
a) Combined TESs (macro level)
Chains combining TESs using energyware or direct energy sources may be compared and optimized from different
viewpoints:
 technical (safety, feasibility, reliability);
 economic (competitiveness, availability);
 ecological (emissions, climate, biosphere).
This method of analysis enables the deduction of social impacts such as health, well-being and social costs.
Strategic decisions about matters such as conservation of resources, saving foreign exchange, national security
and traffic congestion may be made. Overall comparisons among coal, oil, gas, hydro, wind, bio, solar and
hydrogen TESs constitute examples of this method of analysis.
2 © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 13602-1:2002(E)
b) Alternative systems within combined TESs (micro level)
A TES can be composed of one or several subsystems, which may be combined, analysed or compared with an
alternative TES at various stages. These alternative combinations may concern energyware production,
conversion, refining, transformation, transport, handling or storage methods, or energy-use processes.
Energy flows within a generalized TES ranging from the energy resource inputs to the final energy service outputs,
which are needed to manufacture products or render services of a general nature such as telecommunications or
medical services, are shown in Figure 1.

a
This term includes both energyware demand, in accordance with clause 7 and Figure 6, as per ISO 13600:1997, and direct
energy resource demand.
Figure 1 — Energy flows within a generalized TES
© ISO 2002 – All rights reserved 3

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 13602-1:2002(E)
4.2 TESs yielding comparable energy services
Examples of simplified alternative TESs are given in Table 1.
Table 1 — Simplified alternatives
Example Energy resource Transport/Conversion/Distribution Energy-use system Energy service
4.3.1 Beeswax Horse cart — Candle maker — Truck Candle Light
4.3.2 Sunlight Light duct Light
Pipeline — Power station — Cable —
4.3.3 Natural gas Light bulb Light
Transformer
Propeller — Generator — Transformer —
4.3.4 Wind Fluorescent lamp Light
Cable
A possible combination of TESs in a factory with their various energy inputs and energy service outputs is shown in
Figure 2, whereby each energy-use system can be analysed and alternatives compared.

Figure 2 — Examples of possible combination of TESs in a factory
4 © ISO 2002 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO 13602-1:2002(E)
5 I-O (input-output) analysis of TES
5.1 Elementary I-O model
TESs shall be analysed by means of standardized I-O models which allow systematic quantitative and qualitative
comparisons. An elementary model is described in Figure 3. This I-O model describes any TES, including all
factors in the determination of internal and external costs and impacts. It mainly distinguishes two different I-O
categories, shown on the vertical (A) and horizontal (B) axes.
Practical examples of applied and combined I-O models of an energy-saving lamp, a refrigerator and a
co-generation unit are shown in annexes A, B and C, respectively.

Figure 3 — Elementary I-O model
5.2 Life cycle and operational I-O categories
5.2.1 Capital goods and related service inputs needed to set up a TES, such as construction materials and
labour, hardware and software, space and predefined information, enter the I-O model on top, on the A-axis (see
column 2 in Table 2). Residues, recyclable or waste and possible after-effects, including releases and
environmental impacts of the terminated and decommissioned system, leave the box at the bottom on the A-axis
(see column 2 in Table 3).
5.2.2 Operational inputs, such as energy resources or energyware, operational manpower, operational
information and auxiliary materials such as lubricants, pass through the I-O model horizontally on the B-axis. Inputs
such as energy resources (see Table 4) and inputs related to the maintenance of energy systems (see Table 2)
enter from the left of the I-O box, and outputs such as energyware, energy services, releases and by-products
including emissions or waste, exit to the right on the B-axis (Operational outputs in Table 3).
© ISO 2002 – All rights reserved 5

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO 13602-1:2002(E)
Table 2 — Examples of possible TES inputs
Inputs related to the erection and upgrading
Operational inputs, including maintenance
of energy systems
Energy resources Space
See Table 4. • Land space (exploration, development, reclamation,
flooding, fencing)

• Water space (sea, lakes, rivers)
Energyware
• Air space (elevated, suspended or flying structures)
See annex A of ISO 13600:1997.


Capital goods and facilities
Air or its components
•
...