SIST EN 15288-2:2008
Swimming pools - Part 2: Safety requirements for operation
Swimming pools - Part 2: Safety requirements for operation
This European Standard specifies safety requirements for operating of classified pools according to clause 4. It is intended for those concerned with the operation and management of classified swimming pools. It provides guidance about the risks for staff and users associated with public swimming pools, by identifying the precautions needed to achieve safety. This European Standard has limited application to classified pools which consist of segregated areas of rivers, lakes or the sea. The requirements for safe working methods and supervision should be followed insofar as they are relevant.
Schwimmbäder - Teil 2: Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an den Betrieb
Diese Europäische Norm legt sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen für den Betrieb von klassifizierten
Schwimmbädern nach Abschnitt 4 fest. Sie ist für die Personen gedacht, die mit dem Betrieb und dem
Management von klassifizierten Schwimmbädern befasst sind. Sie gibt Hinweise zu den Risiken für Personal
und Nutzer, die mit dem Betrieb von öffentlichen Schwimmbädern verbunden sind, indem sie die
Vorkehrungen beschreibt, mit denen die Sicherheit erreicht werden kann.
Diese Europäische Norm ist nur begrenzt auf klassifizierte Schwimmbäder anwendbar, die aus abgetrennten
Bereichen von Flüssen, Seen oder im Meer bestehen. Die Anforderungen an einen sicheren Betrieb und die
Aufsicht sollten jedoch, soweit zutreffend, befolgt werden.
Piscines - Partie 2: Exigences de sécurité pour le fonctionnement
La présente norme fournit les exigences de sécurité relatives au fonctionnement des piscines publiques. Elle est destinée aux personnes impliquées dans l’exploitation et la gestion des piscines publiques. Elle fournit des recommandations concernant les risques associés aux piscines publiques pour le personnel et les utilisateurs, grâce a l’identification des précautions requises pour garantir la sécurité.
La présente norme ne s’applique que de maniere restreinte aux bassins constitués de zones délimitées de cours d’eau, de lacs ou de mers. Les exigences relatives aux méthodes de travail en toute sécurité et a la surveillance doivent etre appliquées lorsqu’elles sont pertinentes.
Plavalni bazeni - 2. del: Varnostne zahteve za delovanje
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Plavalni bazeni - 2. del: Varnostne zahteve za delovanjeSchwimmbäder - Teil 2: Sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen an den BetriebPiscines - Partie 2: Exigences de sécurité pour le fonctionnementSwimming pools - Part 2: Safety requirements for operation97.220.10Športni objektiSports facilitiesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15288-2:2008SIST EN 15288-2:2008en,de01-november-2008SIST EN 15288-2:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 15288-2September 2008ICS 97.220.10 English VersionSwimming pools - Part 2: Safety requirements for operationPiscines - Partie 2: Exigences de sécurité pour lefonctionnementSchwimmbäder - Teil 2: SicherheitstechnischeAnforderungen an den BetriebThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 July 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15288-2:2008: ESIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Classification.6 4.1 Swimming pool Type 1.6 4.2 Swimming pool Type 2.6 4.3 Swimming pool Type 3.6 5 Organisational requirements.7 5.1 General operational procedure.7 5.2 Pool safety procedures/instructions.8 6 Operational requirements.10 6.1 Operational requirements for safe working practices for a swimming pool and its equipment.10 6.2 Operational requirements for management of pool staff.15 6.3 Operational requirements for emergency procedures.19 7 Instruction to the users.23 7.1 General.23 7.2 Information to the users.23 Annex A (normative)
Dye test — Operational Instructions.25 Annex B (informative)
Samples of accident recording form.26 B.1 Sample of accident recording form from the Netherlands.26 B.2 Sample of accident report form from United Kingdom.27 Bibliography.29
SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15288-2:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, playground and other recreational equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This standard EN 15288 "Swimming pools" consists of the following parts: Part 1: Safety requirements for design Part 2: Safety requirements for operation According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repub-lic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 4 Introduction Pools come in a wide range of types, from water parks with thousands of visitors per day, through communal pools, to hotel and guest houses. Such a wide range implies a gradation of the safety requirements, consider-ing the specific level of hazards. It should also be considered that in Type 1 swimming pools the user expects poolside supervision, while in other Types the user may not expect it. On the basis of regular risk assessment, the operators of swimming pools should take reasonable measures to ensure the safety of users taking into consideration the risks as well as the restrictions imposed by technical and commercial factors. Pool operators should also consider EN 15288-1, when carrying out risk assessments. This European Standard includes requirements, recommendations and notes. While compliance with require-ments is mandatory, recommendations indicate best practices and notes give additional information and/or explanations. SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies safety requirements for operating of classified pools according to clause 4. It is intended for those concerned with the operation and management of classified swimming pools. It pro-vides guidance about the risks for staff and users associated with public swimming pools, by identifying the precautions needed to achieve safety. This European Standard has limited application to classified pools which consist of segregated areas of rivers, lakes or the sea. The requirements for safe working methods and supervision should be followed insofar as they are relevant. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated refer-ences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15288-1:2008, Swimming pools — Part 1: Safety requirements for design EN ISO 14121-1, Safety of machinery — Risk assessment — Part 1: Principles (ISO 14121-1:2007) ISO 7001, Graphical symbols — Public information symbols 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 pool/swimming pool facility, with one or more water areas, intended for swimming, leisure or other water based physical activities 3.2 indoor swimming pool one or more constructed water areas for bathing enclosed in a building, covered by a roof (fixed or moveable) 3.3 outdoor swimming pool one or more constructed open-air water areas for bathing 3.4 private use use of an installation designated solely for the owner's/proprietor's/operator's family and guests including the use connected with renting houses for family use 3.5 public use use of an installation open to everyone or to a defined group of users, not designated solely for the owner's/proprietor's/operator's family and guests independently from paying an entrance fee 3.6 therapeutic pool designed to provide medical and physiotherapeutic care under control of a competent person
NOTE Pools destined for fitness and related activities are not considered therapeutic pools. SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 6 3.7 pool basin water tank where water-related activities can take place 3.8 pool surround walkable area around a pool basin, to do with the use of the basin itself, like circulation areas, areas of entry and exit, etc. 3.9 pool operator designated person/organization responsible for the operation of the pool in terms of health and safety 3.10 staff areas areas only the staff have access to 3.11 pool technical staff trained and competent people responsible for the operations of the technical equipment 3.12 supervision assistance to the users and/or surveillance from trained and competent personnel to ensure safe pool opera-tion 3.13 pool supervisory staff trained and competent persons (e. g. lifeguards) responsible for the supervision of users in the controlled area 3.14 poolside supervision action of supervising users in water and on the pool surround 4 Classification 4.1 Swimming pool Type 1 Pool where the water-related activities are the main business (e. g. communal pools, leisure pools, wa-ter parks, aquaparks) and whose use is "public" according to 3.5. 4.2 Swimming pool Type 2 Pool which is an additional service to the main business (e. g. hotel pools, camping pools, club pools, thera-peutic pools) and whose use is "public" according to 3.5. 4.3 Swimming pool Type 3 All pools except: pools Type 1;
pools Type 2;
pools of private use according to 3.4. SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 7 5 Organisational requirements 5.1 General operational procedure 5.1.1 General Pool operators shall follow four steps, considering the specific pool facilities and related hazards: a) prepare a written procedure on managing health and safety; b) identify the hazard, assess the risk (see EN ISO 14121-1), set related procedures and instructions to pre-vent and protect from the assessed risks, distribute procedures and instructions and train the staff; c) define the organisation chart and the related roles and responsibilities; d) monitor the performance of the organisation and evaluate the results on a regular basis and adapt and improve the organisation accordingly. In pools where constant supervision is not foreseen, the requirements stated below may not be fully applicable but the relevant principles are always valid and shall be followed by the pool operator. NOTE Where appropriate, technical and supervisory roles can be combined. 5.1.2 Prepare a written procedure on managing health and safety Based on a safety concept the procedure shall include: a) the name and roles of key individuals and their responsibilities; b) a list of hazards and the safe systems of work or precautions for avoiding them; c) the arrangements for dealing with incidents and accidents; d) the arrangement for providing the instructions, training and supervision to ensure that safe systems of work are always adopted and followed; e) the arrangements to ensure that employees follow the rules and precautions. 5.1.3 Define the organisation chart and the related roles and responsibilities An organisation chart shall be formulated, distributed and maintained. It shall include a functional job descrip-tion, and shall identify who does what, when and the results expected. 5.1.4 Assess the risk, set related procedures and instructions A specific risk assessment shall be performed for every swimming pool before its first opening to the user and shall be maintained and reviewed in any case every time there is a major technical change, an accident or a series of incidents. The aim of the risk assessment is to examine the aspects of pool operation that could possibly harm people. It shall: a) evaluate the severity and probability of the hazards; b) establish the necessary precautions; c) check what precautions have been taken, and act if necessary. SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 8 The necessary steps in a risk assessment are: d) identifying the hazards; e) deciding who might be harmed, and how; f) assessing the risk; g) take appropriate actions (eliminate or reduce it, or protect who could be harmed); h) preparing procedures and instructions; i) distributing them; j) training the staff; k) recording the findings; l) reviewing the assessment. The risk assessment has to be dated and signed by the pool operator. 5.1.5 Monitor the performance, evaluate the results, adapt and improve the organisation The organisation shall also consider audits at set intervals, determined by the risk assessment, and every time there is a major technical change, an accident or a series of incidents. The purpose is to monitor the perform-ance of the organisation and evaluate its results. Actions to adapt and improve the organisation shall be taken on the basis of the evaluations and on the feed-back. 5.2 Pool safety procedures/instructions 5.2.1 General Where it has been identified from the risk assessment that arrangements are required, they shall be in a writ-ten procedure. Procedures shall comply with the following structure: a) purpose; b) field of application; c) definitions; d) allocation of roles and responsibilities; e) description of process; f) controlled distribution (issue and recording of written procedure/instruction, controlled issue of the cop-ies); g) monitor and review (monitor the effectiveness of the procedures/instructions, periodic review, responsibil-ity of reviewing). In the following paragraphs the essential procedures are listed. The operator shall add additional procedures, if necessary in relation to the specific facility and to the related activities. SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 9 5.2.2 Working procedures for plant and equipment The general risk assessment (see 5.1) shall decide about the following procedure: a) access control (prevention of overloading and unauthorised access), see 6.1.1.3 and 6.1.1.4; b) checking the pool site, the buildings and the associated technical equipment, see 6.1.3; c) checking the pool equipment and components and the safety devices, see 6.1.4; d) cleaning and disinfecting the premises, see 6.1.5; e) the operation of water treatment systems, see 6.1.6; f) the operation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning, see 6.1.7; g) the operation of lighting systems, see 6.1.8; h) maintenance of the pool equipment, see 6.1.9; i) selection and safe delivery, storage, handling and use of chemicals, see 6.1.10; j) applying and controlling the chemicals in pool water, see 6.1.11; k) pool water sampling for physical, chemical and microbiological analysis, see 6.1.12. 5.2.3 Working procedures and instructions for pool staff The general risk assessment (see 5.1)
shall decide about the following procedure: a) deployment and training pool supervisory staff; b) deployment and training pool technical staff; c) deployment and training of other pool staff (e. g. swimming teachers), if responsible for the safety of a group of users; d) structuring the duties, duty spells, job rotation, etc.; e) selection and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in accordance with relevant 89/686/EEC direc-tive; f) recording incidents and accidents; g) operation and checking of safety equipment. 5.2.4 Emergency procedures The general risk assessment (see 5.1)
shall decide about the following procedure: a) general emergency procedures, see 6.3.1, such as: 1) fire; 2) structure/component/equipment failure; 3) a terrorist act; SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 10 b) requirements for raising the alarm, see 6.3.2; c) requirements for rescuing, see 6.3.3; d) requirements for evacuation, see 6.3.4; e) additional specific requirements, see 6.3.5; 1) solid faecal contamination; 2) liquid faecal/blood/vomit contamination; 3) breakdown in pool water clarity; 4) cleaning chemicals such as detergents in the pool water; 5) microbiological contamination; 6) lighting failure; 7) lighting storm; f) emergencies concerning chemicals, see 6.3.5.4; 1) contact with chemicals; 2)
emission of toxic gas; g) responding to incidents involving pool users or pool staff; 1)
a casualty in the water; 2)
disorderly behaviour, physical violence; 3)
first aid. To prevent confusion among the swimming pool staff, there shall be a clear allocation of roles and responsi-bilities when external emergency services are summoned. 6 Operational requirements 6.1 Operational requirements for safe working practices for a swimming pool and its equipment 6.1.1 Occupancy 6.1.1.1 General The safe level of occupancy has to be considered and defined by the pool operator on the basis of a risk as-sessment, considering at least a) the design of the facility (layout, available space, water areas, features, attractions etc.); b) the type of users and activities taking place at any one time; c) the levels of supervision actually provided. SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 11 6.1.1.2 Guidance on the maximum number of users at one time in a swimming pool The maximum number of users shall be defined by the pool operator on the basis of the results of a risk as-sessment which takes into account a) the designation of the pool (e. g. swimming pool, wave pool, hotel pool); b) the pool design capacity (e. g. outdoor leisure pools with large sunbathing areas, small hydromassage pools); c) the pool use at any one time (e. g. training swimming, diving, water gymnastic); d) the presence of additional facilities and areas outside the pool surround, which could increase the allowed number of users in the whole pool facility (e. g. saunas, rest areas, sunbathing areas, restaurants); e) the type of users (e. g. adults, children, people with disabilities). NOTE A typical occupancy ratio for swimming pools Type 1, mainly used for swimming and teaching swimming, would be a minimum of 3 m² of water area per bather. 6.1.1.3 Control of authorised access of users The pool operator has the right to refuse access to users not conforming to the rules of the house. For all Types of swimming pools children up to 8 years shall be accompanied by a person responsible for them. For Type 1 authorized access to the pool shall be controlled, conforming to the house rules, through a check point or other effective controls (e. g. code access). For Type 2 and Type 3, the risk assessment shall identify whether there is the need and the way to control the max. number of users. 6.1.1.4 Control of unauthorised access of users Areas where access needs to be restricted (e. g. staff areas, plant rooms) shall be suitably marked and se-cured to prevent unauthorised access. When a feature or a part of a facility is intended to be out of use (e. g. closed, while under repairs), unauthor-ised access shall be prevented. NOTE The installation of a suitable method of prevention of unauthorised access especially of children (e. g. a fence, a shelter, a cover, an alarming system) could be considered. 6.1.2 Supervision arrangements The risk assessment shall: a) show for all Types whether poolside supervision is required and, if yes, its types and level; b) take into account the balance between risks and prevention costs; c) take into account any overriding requirements on supervision; d) consider special risk factors, e. g. 1) deep water areas (e. g. swimmer areas, diving pools); 2) the presence of abrupt changes in water depth; SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 12 3) the swimming pool layout (e. g. division into separate areas); 4) if diving from the poolside (e. g. into shallow water, from raised positions) is allowed; 5) if there is equipment or features, at poolside or in the water, posing a significant additional risk (e. g. inflatable/floating playground equipment, wave pools, diving installations, leisure equipment, water slides); 6) crowded periods; 7) presence of critical user groups (e. g. users with special needs, unruly behaviours, youth and inex-perienced); as well as factors which possibly may decrease the risk, as: e) enforceable house rules for safe behaviour; f) the presence of devices preventing the access of children to the basins; g) presence of technical devices for emergency detection (e. g. computer aided video systems, to detect users in difficulty and to warn the pool staff); h) access restricted to defined user groups (e. g. hotel residents, camp site users, club members, hospital staff, patients). The risk assessment shall also take into consideration the possibility of factors increasing the risks only occa-sionally (e. g. parties, happenings, availability of alcohol at poolside) which could require supervision only on that occasions. Where a risk assessment determines that a pool does not require poolside supervision, the arrangements shall include: — for all Types: i) information to users prior to entrance, including signs in the hall, in the changing rooms and at the pool-side, indicating that the pool is not staffed and drawing attention to simple rules of use and safety; j) signs at poolside area showing the depth of the water; — and additionally, for Type 1 and Type 2 only: k) an alarm to summon help in an emergency and a notice giving instruction in its use; l) suitable rescue equipment (e. g. poles, throwing ropes, buoyancy aids) available by the poolside, and clearly identifiable. Whenever supervision is not provided, the user shall be informed: when arriving at the facility and when passing the control point; in the pool area. A written safety procedure is required where a pool may be used without poolside supervision. The procedure shall be included in the pool operating procedures. Whenever a public pool is in use without poolside supervision, a trained and competent member of the staff shall be designated as "on call" to respond immediately to the alarm and deal with any emergency. 6.1.3 Checking the pool site, the buildings and the associated technical equipment Procedures for checking the pool site, the buildings and the associated technical equipment shall: SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 13 a) ensure that there has been no deterioration and that they are fit for purpose; b) list the items of the risk assessment that shall be checked to ensure that no additional or increased risks have arisen since; c) define which checks shall be carried out only by trained and competent persons (e. g. investigations for stress corrosion). 6.1.4 Checking the pool equipment and components and the safety devices Procedures shall ensure that there has been no change of the parameters considered for the risk assessment (e. g. damage to the equipment and components, safety devices like barriers and handrails not in proper posi-tion, outlet grids not in position) which may result in increased risks. NOTE For Type 1 and Type 2 pools a visual inspection should be carried out every opening day, before the pool is open to the public, particularly to check that the equipment is properly ready for use (e. g. protections correctly in place, components secured). For Type 3 a visual inspection should be carried out periodically. 6.1.5 Cleaning and disinfecting the premises Procedures shall include how to select proper detergents and disinfecting agents. Manufacturer's advice shall be followed regarding application and storage. When floors are cleaned during pool operation, precautions shall be taken to protect against related risks (e. g. slippery surfaces, presence of chemicals, long hoses, ma-chinery). Chemicals used to clean the pool surround shall not adversely react with the chemicals used in the pool water. Particular attention shall be paid to avoid contamination of pool water by detergents and disinfectants, which could also affect the pool water control devices. On the pool surround only the quantity of chemicals needed for that day shall be available. NOTE For Type 1 and Type 2 pools, to check the quality and efficiency of cleaning and disinfection, periodical sam-pling and testing of microbiological contamination of the surfaces would be advisable. 6.1.6 Operation of water treatment systems A dye test of the water circulation system of every pool, according to Annex A, shall be performed at the time of commissioning. NOTE It is recommended that the dye test be repeated every 5 years, to ensure that all components are still working effectively. Procedures for the operation of the water treatment system shall primarily conform to the operating instruc-tions given by the manufacturer of the equipment. The procedures shall include a requirement to maintain a log book for the equipment. 6.1.7 Operation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning Procedures for heating, ventilation and air conditioning shall primarily conform to the operating instructions given by the manufacturer of the equipment. They shall describe the operation of the equipment in accor-dance with requirements and utilisation taking into consideration the constructional safety (e. g. temperature, relative humidity, dew point). If the conditions of operation will be modified and/or after operational alteration an examination is necessary. 6.1.8 Operation of lighting system Procedures shall ensure: SIST EN 15288-2:2008
EN 15288-2:2008 (E) 14 a) a minimum level of illumination according to EN 15288-1; b) the effectiveness of the emergency illumination system; c) procedures and instructions during special events with different illumination. 6.1.9 Maintenance of the pool equipment Procedures shall primarily conform to the maintenance instructions given by the manufacturer of the equip-ment. They shall: a) state the required maintenance, and its frequency; b) indicate where remedial work may be necessary; c) define the competence and/or qualifications for those doing the work. Procedures shall also state that: d) where maintenance work is undertaken during public use, suitable precautions, conforming to valid regu-lations, shall be taken to protect the public who may be present; e) the required frequency of inspection for dosing lines and the related injection points. 6.1.10 Operation for selection, and safe delivery, storage, handling and use of chemicals Procedures for selecting chemicals shall specify the criteria for selection of the most suitable products, based on relevant standards and on the information given by the supplier. Procedures for safe delivery of chemicals shall be agreed between the supplier and the pool operator, on the basis of a safe delivery location, secured from access, and of the safety information available. They shall in-clude a safe means of unloading the chemicals to the delivery area. In case of bulk delivery, suitable precau-tions (e. g. specific coupling, separate fill points clearly marked) shall be taken to prevent a chemical product being poured into the wrong tank. Procedures for safe storage and handling of chemicals shall: a) refer to the related Material Safety Data Sheets; b) state the environmental conditions (e. g. temperature, humidity, effectiveness of ventilation) to be pro-vided, and the means to check and record them; c) state that only trained and authorized staff can store and handle chemicals; d) indicate the PPE to be used for each type of chemical and for each activity; e) provide proper instructions about how to handle and where to store each chemical, including the equip-ment (e. g. for transport) needed; f) provide proper instructions for the case of spillage; g) indicate the maximum quantity of each product which can be stored at the same time in each location; h) indicate where and how to dispose empty containers/packages. 6.1.11 Applying and controlling the chemicals in pool water Application of chemicals shall be performed to provide a pool water quality c
...
SLOVENSKI oSIST prEN 15288-2:2005
PREDSTANDARD
november 2005
Plavalni bazeni – 2. del: Varnostne zahteve za delovanje
Swimming pools - Part 2: Safety requirements for operation
ICS 97.220.10 Referenčna številka
oSIST prEN 15288-2:2005(en)
© Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 15288-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2005
ICS
English Version
Swimming pools - Part 2: Safety requirements for operation
Schwimmbäder - Teil 2: Sicherheitstechnische
Anforderungen an den Betrieb
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 136.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15288-2:2005: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 15288-2:2005 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .3
1 Scope.4
2 Normative references.4
3 Terms and definitions .4
4 Organisational requirements.5
4.1 General.5
4.2 Pool safety procedures/instructions .7
5 Operational requirements.9
5.1 Operational requirements for safe working practices for a swimming pool and its
equipment.9
5.2 Operational requirements for management of pool staff .14
5.3 Operational requirements for emergency procedures .19
6 Instruction to the users.22
6.1 General.22
6.2 Information to the public.22
Annex A (normative) Dye test .24
Annex B (informative) U.K. Operational guidelines for Pool Rescue Equipment.25
B.2 GUIDELINES FOR WORK EQUIPMENT .25
B.3 PROVISION OF EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND ALARM SYSTEMS.25
B.4 TRAINING.27
B.5 MAINTENANCE.27
Annex C (informative) Samples of accident recording form.29
C.1 Sample of accident recording form from the Netherlands.29
C.2 Sample of accident report form from United Kingdom.30
Annex D (informative) Example of possible checklist for the evaluation of the need of supervision .32
Bibliography .33
2
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prEN 15288-2:2005 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 15288-2:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 136 “Sports, play-
ground and other recreational equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This standard prEN 15288 "Swimming pools" consists of the following parts:
Part 1: Safety requirements for design
Part 2: Safety requirements for operation
Introduction
Public pools come in a wide range of types, from water parks with thousands of visitors per day, through
communal pools, to hotel and guest houses. Such a wide range implies a gradation of the safety requirements,
considering the specific level of hazards. It should also be considered that in certain facilities (e.g. Types 2, 3
and 4) the users will not expect pool supervision.
On the basis of a risk assessment, operators should take reasonably practicable measures to ensure the
safety of users. This means that the degree of risks in a particular job/work place/facility needs to be balanced
against the time, trouble, cost, benefits and physical difficulty of taking measures to avoid or reduce the risk.
However, it should not be used as an excuse to avoid taking safety measures, and if unsure the operator
should favour the safe approach.
Pool operators should also consider prEN 15288-1, when carrying out risk assessments.
3
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prEN 15288-2:2005 (E)
1 Scope
This standard provides safety requirements for operating of public pools. It is intended for those concerned
with the operation and management of public swimming pools. It provides guidance about the risks for staff
and users associated with public swimming pools, by identifying the precautions needed to achieve safety.
This standard has limited application to pools which consist of segregated areas of rivers, lakes or the sea.
The requirements for safe working methods and supervision shall be followed insofar as they are relevant.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated refer-
ences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
prEN 15288-1, Swimming pools — Part 1: Safety requirements for design
ISO 7001, Public information symbols
ISO/CD 20712-1, Water safety signs — Part 1: Water safety signs used in workplaces and public areas
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
public swimming pool
swimming pool open to the public. The following type of public pools are identified:
Type 1: where water-related activities are the main business (e.g. communal pools, leisure pools, aquatic
parks)
Type 2: where the pool is a service additional to a main activity (e.g. hotel pools, camping pools, club pools,
therapeutic pools)
Type 3: domestic pools serving homes designed to be rented on a short-term/holiday basis
Type 4: domestic pools serving more than 20 homes
3.2
indoor swimming pool
one or more water areas enclosed in a building, covered by a roof (fixed or moveable)
3.3
outdoor swimming pool
one or more open-air water areas
3.4
therapeutic pool
designed to provide medical and physiotherapy care, under control of a competent person. (Pools
designed for fitness and related activities are not considered therapeutic pools.)
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prEN 15288-2:2005 (E)
3.5
pool basin
each water tank where water related activities can take place
3.6
pool surround
area around a pool basin, to do with the use of the basin itself, like circulation areas, areas of entry and exit,
etc.
3.7
pool operator
person (manager, owner, etc.) responsible for the operation of the pool in terms of health and safety
3.8
staff areas
areas only the staff have access to
3.9
pool technical staff
qualified people responsible for the operations of the technical equipment
3.10
supervision
assistance to the users from qualified lifeguards
3.11
pool supervisory staff
qualified people responsible for the supervision of users in the controlled area
3.12
poolside supervision
the action of supervising users in water and on the pool surround
4 Organisational requirements
4.1 General
To manage effectively health and safety, pool operators shall follow four steps, considering the specific of pool
facilities and related hazards:
prepare a written statement on managing health and safety;
define the organisation chart and the related roles and responsibilities;
assess the risk, set related procedures and instructions to prevent and protect from the assessed risks,
distribute procedures and instructions and train the staff;
monitor the performance of the organisation and evaluate the results on a regular basis and adapt and
improve the organisation accordingly.
In pools where constant supervision is not foreseen, the requirements stated below may not be fully applicable
but the basic principles are always valid and shall be followed by the pool operator.
NOTE Where appropriate, technical and supervisory roles can be combined.
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prEN 15288-2:2005 (E)
4.1.1 Prepare a written statement on health and safety
A written statement shall be produced, and include:
the corporate identity policy about safety;
the name of key individuals and their responsibilities;
a list of hazards and the safe systems of work or precautions for avoiding them;
arrangements for dealing with injuries, fire and other emergencies;
arrangement for providing the instructions, training and supervision to ensure that safe systems of work
are always adopted and followed;
arrangements to ensure that employees follow the rules and precautions.
4.1.2 Define the organisation chart and the related responsibilities
An organisation chart shall be formulated, distributed and maintained. It shall include a functional job descrip-
tion, and shall identify who does what, when and the results expected.
4.1.3 Assess the risk, set related procedures and instructions
A specific risk assessment shall be performed for every swimming pool before it opens to the public and shall
be maintained and reviewed in any case every time there is a major technical change, an accident or a se-
ries of incidents.
The aim of the risk assessment is to examine the aspects of pool operation that could possibly harm people,
to:
evaluate the severity and probability of the hazards;
establish the necessary precautions;
check what precautions have been taken, and act if necessary.
The necessary steps in a risk assessment are:
looking for the hazards;
deciding who might be harmed, and how;
assessing the risk;
preparing procedures and instructions;
distributing them;
training the staff;
recording the findings;
reviewing the assessment.
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prEN 15288-2:2005 (E)
4.1.4 Monitor the performance, evaluate the results, adapt and improve the organisation
There shall be audits on a regular basis as part of an active management, to monitor the performance of the
organisation and evaluate its results.
Actions to adapt and improve the organisation shall be taken on the basis of the evaluations and on the feed-
back coming from the staff.
4.2 Pool safety procedures/instructions
4.2.1 General
Procedures shall be based on risk assessment, and can include instructions.
Procedures and instructions shall be in written form and recorded, and shall comply with the following struc-
ture:
purpose;
field of application;
definitions;
allocation of roles and responsibilities;
description of process;
control documents (general and specific documentation, relevant to the procedure);
controlled distribution (issue and recording of written procedure/instruction, controlled issue of the cop-
ies);
monitor and review (monitor the effectiveness of the procedures/instructions, periodic review, responsibil-
ity of reviewing).
In the following paragraphs the essential procedures are listed. The operator shall add additional procedures,
if necessary in relation to the specific facility and to the related activities.
4.2.2 Working procedures for plant and equipment
Procedures shall include at least:
controlling access by the users (prevention of overloading and unauthorised access), see 5.1.1.4 and
5.1.1.5;
checking the pool site, the buildings and the associated technical equipment, see 5.1.2;
checking the pool equipment and components and the safety devices, see 5.1.3;
cleaning and disinfecting the premises, see 5.1.4;
the operation of water treatment systems, see 5.1.5;
the operation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (if any), see 5.1.6;
the operation of lighting systems (if any), see 5.1.7;
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maintenance of the pool equipment, see 5.1.8;
selection and safe delivery, storage, handling and use of chemicals, see 5.1.9;
applying and controlling the chemicals in pool water, see 5.1.10;
pool water sampling for physical, chemical and microbiological analysis, see 5.1.11.
4.2.3 Procedures and instructions for pool staff
Procedures shall include at least:
deployment of pool supervisory staff (where appropriate);
deployment of pool technical staff (where appropriate);
training pool supervisory staff (where appropriate);
training pool technical staff (where appropriate);
structuring the duties, duty spells, job rotation, etc. (where appropriate);
selection and use of PPE;
recording incidents and accidents.
4.2.4 Emergency procedures
Procedures shall include preparation for, at least:
emergency evacuation;
fire;
structural failure;
responding to incidents involving bathers;
first aid;
disorderly behaviour;
contact with chemicals;
emission of toxic gas;
lighting system failure, see 5.3.5.2;
lightning storm, see 5.3.5.3;
water contamination;
water clarity failure.
There shall be a clear allocation of roles and responsibilities when external emergency services are sum-
moned to prevent confusion with the roles and responsibilities of the swimming pool staff.
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5 Operational requirements
5.1 Operational requirements for safe working practices for a swimming pool and its
equipment
5.1.1 Occupancy
5.1.1.1 General
The safe level of occupancy has to be considered and defined by the pool operator on the basis of a risk
assessment, considering at least:
the design of the facility (available space, water areas, features, attractions etc.);
the type of users and activities taking place at any one time;
the levels of supervision actually provided.
NOTE Particular attention should be given to controlling numbers of young people who, depending on age, skills and
attitudes, should be supervised by parents. Young children up to the age of 8 years should always be supervised by par-
ents or responsible carers.
5.1.1.2 Guidance to the maximum number of users at one time in a swimming pool
The maximum number of users shall be defined by the pool operator on the basis of the results of a risk as-
sessment which takes into account:
the design capacity;
the designation of the pool (e.g. swimming pool, wave pool, hotel pool);
additional facilities and areas (e.g. saunas, rest areas, sunbathing areas, restaurants);
the type of users (e.g. adults, children, people with disabilities);
the pool use at any one time (e.g. training swimming, diving, water gymnastic).
NOTE 1 The presence of other user activities outside the pool surround could increase the allowed number of users in
the whole pool facility.
NOTE 2 The number of users allowed in a basin should be related to the water area. A typical ratio for pools destined
2
for swimming teaching and training is no more than one user per every 3 m of water area.
NOTE 3 Depending on the design and the use of the pool (from outdoor leisure pools with large sunbathing areas to
small hydromassage pools), the maximum number of users at a time in a pool basin should also be defined separately.
5.1.1.3 Supervision arrangements to safeguard pool users
Risk assessment will show whether poolside supervision is required. The risk assessment shall also take into
account the balance between risks and prevention costs to determine when it’s possible to ensure the safe
use of the pool also with reduced poolside supervision or even none.
NOTE 1 Supervision is usually provided for pools Type 1. Types 2, 3 and 4, where risk are lesser, may need less
supervision or even none. For an example of a checklist evaluation of supervision needs, see Annex D.
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prEN 15288-2:2005 (E)
Wherever supervision is not provided, the user shall be informed:
for Type 3 & Type 4, in the lease or hire agreement;
for all Types, when arriving at the facility and when passing the control point;
for all Types, in the pool area.
NOTE 2 The risk assessment should at least recognise that the following factors decrease the risk:
if access is restricted to authorised user groups (e.g. hotel residents, camp site users, club members, hospital staff,
patients);
enforceable house rules for safe behaviour;
and that the following factors increase the risk:
deep water and abrupt changes in depth;
diving from the poolside or from platforms and diving boards;
some poolside equipment or features (e.g. starting blocks, water slides).
NOTE 3 Where a risk assessment determines that a pool does not require poolside supervision, it is recommended
that the arrangements should include:
information to users prior to entrance, including signs at the hall, in the changing rooms and in the pool area indicat-
ing that the pool is not staffed and drawing attention to simple rules of use and safety;
signs in the pool area showing the depth of the water;
an alarm to summon help in an emergency and a notice giving instruction in its use;
suitable rescue equipment (e.g. poles, throwing ropes, buoyancy aids) available by the poolside, and clearly identifi-
able.
NOTE 4 Where a pool does not require supervision and unaccompanied bathing is permitted, it is advisable to control
entering and leaving so that pool operator knows who is using the pool at any given time.
NOTE 5 Where a pool does not require supervision, arrangements for supervision may need to be made on occasions
when:
the pool will be used by unaccompanied children under the age of 15;
overcrowded conditions are expected;
alcohol will be available for the pools users;
activities take place or equipment is used which can lead to additional risks through the high excitement generated.
A written safety procedure is required where a pool may be used without poolside supervision. The procedure
shall be included in the pool safety operating procedures.
Whenever a public pool is in use, a member of the staff shall be designated as “on call” to respond immedi-
ately to the alarm and deal with any emergency.
NOTE 6 It is recommended that such staff are suitably trained.
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5.1.1.4 Control of authorised public access
For all Types, access of young children shall be allowed only under suitable supervision.
NOTE 1 The installation of a suitable method of prevention of unauthorised access of young children (e.g. a fence, a
shelter, a cover, an alarming system) could be considered.
For Type 1 authorized access to the pool shall be controlled, conforming to the house rules, through a check
point or other effective controls (e.g. code access).
For Type 2 and Type 3, access to the pool shall be controlled, by an effective method (e.g. reception point,
pass key, controlled door), so that prescribed safe numbers are not exceeded.
NOTE 2 A video system could be used to monitor the pool's use.
For Type 4, access to the pool shall be restricted to the owners of the homes and their guests.
5.1.1.5 Control of unauthorised access of the users
Staff areas and rooms (e.g. plant rooms), shall be suitably marked and secured to prevent unauthorised ac-
cess.
When a feature or a part of a facility is intended to be out of use (e.g. closed, while under repairs), unauthor-
ised public access shall be prevented.
5.1.2 Checking the pool site, the buildings and the associated technical equipment
Procedures for checking the pool site, the buildings and the associated technical equipment shall:
ensure that there has been no deterioration and that they are fit for purpose;
list the items of the risk assessment that shall be checked to ensure that no additional or increased risks
have arisen since.
5.1.3 Checking the pool equipment and components and the safety devices
Procedures shall ensure that there has been no change of the parameters considered for the risk assessment
(e.g. damage to the equipment and components, safety devices like barriers and handrails not in proper posi-
tion, outlet grids not in position) which may result in increased risks.
NOTE For Type 1 and Type 2 pools a visual inspection should be carried out every working day, before the pool is
open to the public, particularly checking that the equipment is properly ready for use (e.g. protections correctly in place,
components secured). For Type 3 a visual inspection should be carried out periodically.
5.1.4 Cleaning and disinfecting the premises
Procedures shall include how to select proper detergents and disinfecting agents, and the importance of fol-
lowing the manufacturer’s advice for using and storing them. When floors are cleaned during opening time,
precautions shall be taken to avoid related hazards (e.g. slippery surfaces, presence of chemicals).
Chemicals used to clean the pool surround shall not react with the chemicals used in the pool water. Particular
attention shall be paid to avoid contamination of pool water by detergents and disinfectants, which could also
affect the pool water control devices.
NOTE 1 On the pool surround only the quantity of chemicals needed for that day should be in use.
NOTE 2 For Type 1 and Type 2 pools, to check the quality and efficiency of cleaning and disinfection, periodical sam-
pling and testing of microbiological contamination of the surfaces would be advisable.
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5.1.5 Operation of the water treatment system
The procedures shall include a dye test of the water circulation system of every pool, conforming to Annex A,
at the time of commissioning.
NOTE For Type 1, Type 2 and Type 3 pools, it is recommended that the dye test be repeated every 5 years, to en-
sure that all components are still working effectively.
Procedures for the operation of the water treatment system shall primarily conform to the operating instruc-
tions given by the manufacturer of the equipment. The procedures shall include a requirement to maintain a
log book for the equipment.
5.1.6 Operation of heating, ventilation and air conditioning
Procedures for heating, ventilation and air conditioning shall primarily conform to the operating instructions
given by the manufacturer of the equipment. The procedures shall state the reference values for the perform-
ance of the equipment.
5.1.7 Operation of lighting system
Procedures shall ensure:
a minimum level of illumination conforming to prEN 15288-1;
the effectiveness of the emergency illumination system.
5.1.8 Operation for maintenance of the equipment
Procedures shall primarily conform to the maintenance instructions given by the manufacturer of the equip-
ment. They shall:
state the required maintenance, and its frequency (not longer than a year);
indicate where remedial work may be necessary;
define the competence and/or qualifications for those doing the work.
NOTE The use of a maintenance schedule is preferred. Maintenance should be planned on the basis of manufac-
turers' requirements for all items of equipment.
Procedures shall also state that:
where maintenance work is undertaken during public use, suitable precautions, conforming to valid regu-
lations, shall be taken to protect the public who may be present;
the required frequency of inspection for dosing lines and the related injections.
5.1.9 Operation for selection, and safe delivery, storage, handling and use of chemicals
Procedures for selecting of chemicals shall specify the criteria for selection of the most suitable products,
based on valid standards and on the information given by the supplier.
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Procedures for safe delivery of chemicals shall be agreed between the supplier and the pool operator, on the
basis of a safe delivery location, secured from public access, and of the safety information available. They
shall include a safe means of unloading the chemicals to the delivery area. In case of bulk delivery, suitable
precautions (e.g. specific coupling, separate fill points clearly marked) shall be taken to prevent a chemical
product being poured into the wrong tank.
Procedures for safe storage and handling of chemicals shall:
refer to the related Material Safety Data Sheets;
state the environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity, effectiveness of ventilation) to be provided,
and the means to check and record them;
state that only trained and authorized staff can store and handle chemicals;
indicate the PPE to be used for each type of chemical and for each activity;
provide proper instructions about how to handle and where to store each chemical, including the equip-
ment (e.g. for transport) needed;
provide proper instructions for the case of spillage;
indicate the maximum quantity of each product which can be stored at the same time in every location;
indicate where and how to dispose empty containers/packages, stating that they shall not be used for
secondary purposes.
5.1.10 Operation for applying the chemicals in pool water
Application of chemicals shall be performed to provide a pool water quality conforming to valid regulations.
Procedures for proper application shall:
specify safe systems of work to prepare solutions;
state that smoking is prohibited when handling chemicals;
where hand dosing is allowed:
describe the working practices that will ensure proper dilution of the chemicals into the pool water, to
avoid peaks and to give a water quality that always complies with the parameters stated;
state that direct application into the pool basin in presence of the users is always prohibited;
where automatic dosing is employed:
state how to feed and control the equipment;
define proper storage of the equipment during periods of shut-down.
5.1.11 Monitoring physical, chemical and microbiological quality of pool water
Procedures for monitoring the pool water quality shall include statements that prescribe:
the water quality parameters to be achieved (including pH, clarity, temperature, disinfection level, bacte-
riological quality);
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