SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
(Main)Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2Scontaining environments in oil and gas production - Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons (ISO 15156-2:2009)
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2Scontaining environments in oil and gas production - Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons (ISO 15156-2:2009)
This part of ISO 15156 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S-containing environments, whose failure can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. This part of ISO 15156 addresses the resistance of these steels to damage that can be caused by sulfide stress-cracking (SSC) and the related phenomena of stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking (SOHIC) and soft-zone cracking (SZC). This part of ISO 15156 also addresses the resistance of these steels to hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and its possible development into stepwise cracking (SWC). This part of ISO 15156 is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this part of ISO 15156 is applicable, including permitted exclusions. This part of ISO 15156 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using conventional elastic design criteria. For designs utilizing plastic criteria (e.g. strain-based and limit-state designs), see ISO 15156-1:2009, Clause 5. Annex A lists SSC-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and A.2.4 includes requirements for the use of cast irons. This part of ISO 15156 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Werkstoffe für den Einsatz in H2S-haltiger Umgebung bei der Öl- und Gasgewinnung - Teil 2: Gegen Rissbildung beständige unlegierte und niedriglegierte Stähle und Gusseisen (ISO 15156-2:2009)
Dieser Teil von ISO 15156 nennt Anforderungen und gibt Empfehlungen für die Auswahl und Qualifizierung
von unlegierten und niedriglegierten Stählen für den Betrieb in Einrichtungen der Öl- und Gasgewinnung und
in Erdgasbehandlungsanlagen im Bereich H2S-haltiger Umgebungen, deren Versagen ein mögliches
Gesundheits- und Sicherheitsrisiko für die Allgemeinheit und das Personal oder für die Umwelt darstellen
kann. Er kann angewendet werden zur Vermeidung kostspieliger Beschädigungen infolge von Korrosion der
Anlage selbst. Er ergänzt, ersetzt aber nicht die in einschlägigen Berechnungscodes, Normen oder
Regelwerken enthaltenen Anforderungen an Werkstoffe.
Dieser Teil von ISO 15156 behandelt die Beständigkeit dieser Stähle gegen Beschädigungen, die durch
H2S-induzierte Spannungsrisskorrosion (SSC) und den damit verbundenen Erscheinungen der spannungsorientierten
wasserstoffinduzierten Rissbildung (SOHIC) und der Weichzonenrissbildung (SZC) verursacht
werden können.
Dieser Teil von ISO 15156 behandelt außerdem die Beständigkeit dieser Stähle gegen wasserstoffinduzierte
Rissbildung (HIC) und deren mögliche Verbindung zu Stufenrissen (SWC).
Dieser Teil von ISO 15156 behandelt ausschließlich die Rissbildung. Er befasst sich nicht mit Werkstoffverlusten
durch allgemeine (Massenverlust) oder örtliche Korrosion.
Tabelle 1 enthält als nicht erschöpfende Liste eine Übersicht von Ausrüstungen, die in den Anwendungsbereich
dieses Teiles von ISO 15156 fallen, einschließlich zugelassener Ausnahmen.
Dieser Teil von ISO 15156 gilt für die Qualifizierung und Auswahl von Werkstoffen für Ausrüstungen, die unter
Verwendung von konventionellen Kriterien für die elastische Auslegung ausgelegt und gebaut wurden. Für
Auslegungen, die auf Plastizitätskriterien (z. B. Verformung und plastischer Grenzzustand) beruhen, siehe
ISO 15156-1:2009, Abschnitt 5.
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Matériaux pour utilisation dans des environnements contenant de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de pétrole et de gaz - Partie 2: Aciers au carbone et aciers faiblement alliés résistants à la fissuration, et utilisation de fontes (ISO 15156-2:2009)
L'ISO 15156-2:2009 spécifie des exigences et donne des recommandations concernant la sélection et la qualification des aciers au carbone et des aciers faiblement alliés dans des équipements utilisés pour la production de pétrole et de gaz naturel et dans des installations de traitement de gaz naturel en milieux contenant de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S), où toute défaillance peut présenter un risque pour la santé et la sécurité du public et du personnel ou pour l'environnement. L'ISO 15156-2:2009 peut aussi aider à prévenir les endommagements coûteux des équipements eux-mêmes dus à la corrosion. Elle complète, sans toutefois s'y substituer, les exigences concernant les matériaux dans les codes de construction, normes ou autres réglementations appropriés.
L'ISO 15156-2:2009 traite de la résistance de ces aciers aux dommages pouvant être causés par la rupture différée par H2S (SSC, sulfide stress-cracking) ainsi que des phénomènes connexes de la décohésion interne sous contrainte (SOHIC, stress‑oriented hydrogen‑induced cracking) et de la fissuration des zones de plus faible dureté (SZC, soft‑zone cracking).
Elle traite également de la résistance de ces aciers à la décohésion interne (HIC, hydrogen‑induced cracking) et au développement possible de cette décohésion en fissuration en gradins (SWC, stepwise cracking).
Elle ne porte que sur la fissuration. La perte de matériau par corrosion générale (perte de masse) ou localisée n'est pas étudiée.
Elle donne une liste non exhaustive d'équipements relevant du domaine d'application et des équipements pouvant en être exclus.
Elle s'applique à la qualification et à la sélection des matériaux pour les équipements conçus et construits sur la base des critères de calcul élastiques traditionnels.
L'application de l'ISO 15156-2:2009 ne convient pas nécessairement aux processus et équipements de raffinage ou en aval.
Industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - Materiali za uporabo v okoljih s H2S v proizvodnji olja in plina - 2. del: Proti razpokam odporna ogljikova in malolegirana jekla ter uporaba litega železa (ISO 15156-2:2009)
Ta del ISO 15156 podaja zahteve in priporočila za izbiranje in kvalifikacijo ogljikovih in malolegiranih jekel za storitve v zvezi z opremo, ki se uporablja v proizvodnji nafte in zemeljskega plina in v obratih obdelave zemeljskega plina v okoljih s H2S, kjer lahko napaka takšne opreme predstavlja nevarnost za zdravje in varnost javnosti in osebja ali okolja. Uporablja se lahko za preprečevanje visoke škode na sami opremi zaradi korozije. Dopolnjuje, a ne nadomešča, zahteve glede materiala, ki so podane v ustreznih kodeksih za načrtovanje, standardih ali predpisih. Ta del ISO 15156 se ukvarja z odpornostjo teh jekel na poškodbe, ki jih lahko povzroči sulfidno napetostno pokanje (SSC) in povezani pojavi napetostno usmerjenega induciranega vodikovega pokanja (SOHIC) in pokanja mehkih področij (SZC). Ta del ISO 15156 se tudi ukvarja z odpornostjo teh jekel na inducirano vodikovo pokanje (HIC) in možen razvoj le-tega v stopničasto pokanje (SWC). Ta del ISO 15156 se ukvarja samo s pokanjem. Ne ukvarja se z izgubo materiala zaradi splošne (izguba mase) ali lokalizirane korozije. Tabela 1 podaja neizčrpen seznam opreme, za katero velja ta del ISO 15156, vključno z dovoljenimi izjemami. Ta del ISO 15156 velja za kvalifikacijo in izbiranje materialov za opremo, ki je načrtovana in zgrajena z uporabo konvencionalnih meril za elastično projektiranje. Za načrte, ki uporabljajo merila za polimerne materiale (npr. napetostno načrtovanje in načrtovanje za mejna stanja), glej ISO 15156-1:2009, Klavzulo 5. Priloga A našteva ogljikova in malolegirana jekla, ki so odporna na SSC, in A.2.4, ki vključuje zahteve za uporabo litega železa. Ta del ISO 15156 ni nujno primeren za uporabo za opremo, ki se uporablja pri rafiniranju ali za nadaljnje procese in opremo.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
01-januar-2010
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2004
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2004/AC:2007
Industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - Materiali za uporabo v okoljih s
H2S v proizvodnji olja in plina - 2. del: Proti razpokam odporna ogljikova in
malolegirana jekla ter uporaba litega železa (ISO 15156-2:2009)
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2Scontaining environments
in oil and gas production - Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the
use of cast irons (ISO 15156-2:2009)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Werkstoffe für den Einsatz in H2S-haltiger Umgebung bei
der Öl- und Gasgewinnung - Teil 2: Gegen Rissbildung beständige unlegierte und
niedriglegierte Stähle und Gusseisen (ISO 15156-2:2009)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Matériaux pour utilisation dans des
environnements contenant de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de pétrole et
de gaz - Partie 2: Aciers au carbone et aciers faiblement alliés résistants à la fissuration,
et utilisation de fontes (ISO 15156-2:2009)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 15156-2:2009
ICS:
75.180.10 Oprema za raziskovanje in Exploratory and extraction
odkopavanje equipment
77.060 Korozija kovin Corrosion of metals
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 15156-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2009
ICS 75.180.01 Supersedes EN ISO 15156-2:2003
English Version
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-
containing environments in oil and gas production - Part 2:
Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of
cast irons (ISO 15156-2:2009)
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Matériaux pour Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Werkstoffe für den Einsatz in
utilisation dans des environnements contenant de H2S-haltiger Umgebung bei der Öl- und Gasgewinnung -
l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de pétrole et Teil 2: Gegen Rissbildung beständige unlegierte und
de gaz - Partie 2: Aciers au carbone et aciers faiblement niedriglegierte Stähle und Gusseisen (ISO 15156-2:2009)
alliés résistants à la fissuration, et utilisation de fontes (ISO
15156-2:2009)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 September 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 15156-2:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
EN ISO 15156-2:2009 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
EN ISO 15156-2:2009 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 15156-2:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 "Materials,
equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries" in collaboration
with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum,
petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by April 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 15156-2:2003.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 15156-2:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 15156-2:2009 without any
modification.
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15156-2
Second edition
2009-10-15
Petroleum and natural gas industries —
Materials for use in H S-containing
2
environments in oil and gas
production —
Part 2:
Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy
steels, and the use of cast irons
Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Matériaux pour utilisation dans
des environnements contenant de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H S) dans la
2
production de pétrole et de gaz —
Partie 2: Aciers au carbone et aciers faiblement alliés résistants à la
fissuration, et utilisation de fontes
Reference number
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
©
ISO 2009
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2009
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.2
3 Terms and definitions .3
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms .6
5 Purchasing information .7
6 Factors affecting the behaviour of carbon and low alloy steels in H S-containing
2
environments .7
7 Qualification and selection of carbon and low-alloy steels with resistance to SSC, SOHIC
and SZC .8
8 Evaluation of carbon and low alloy steels for their resistance to HIC/SWC .17
9 Marking, labelling and documentation.17
Annex A (normative) SSC-resistant carbon and low alloy steels (and requirements and
recommendations for the use of cast irons) .18
Annex B (normative) Qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels for H S service by laboratory
2
testing.27
Annex C (informative) Determination of H S partial pressure .35
2
Annex D (informative) Recommendations for determining pH .37
Annex E (informative) Information that should be supplied for material purchasing .42
Bibliography.44
© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 15156-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15156-2:2003), of which it constitutes a minor
revision, specifically by the following:
⎯ inclusion of the requirements for welding-procedure qualification for overlay welding;
⎯ inclusion of changes to the limitations that apply to Table A.1 on weld hardness;
⎯ inclusion of the ISO equivalents of ASTM hardness standards;
⎯ inclusion of a small number of other technical changes;
⎯ inclusion of changes to make the intent of the text clearer and to correct editorial errors.
ISO 15156 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and natural gas industries —
Materials for use in H S-containing environments in oil and gas production:
2
⎯ Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials
⎯ Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons
⎯ Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys
iv © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
Introduction
The consequences of sudden failures of metallic oil and gas field components, associated with their exposure
to H S-containing production fluids, led to the preparation of the first edition of NACE MR0175, which was
2
published in 1975 by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers, now known as NACE International.
The original and subsequent editions of NACE MR0175 established limits of H S partial pressure above which
2
precautions against sulfide stress-cracking (SSC) were always considered necessary. They also provided
guidance for the selection and specification of SSC-resistant materials when the H S thresholds were
2
exceeded. In more recent editions, NACE MR0175 has also provided application limits for some
corrosion-resistant alloys, in terms of environmental composition and pH, temperature and H S partial
2
pressures.
In separate developments, the European Federation of Corrosion issued EFC Publication 16 in 1995 and EFC
Publication 17 in 1996. These documents are generally complementary to those of NACE though they differed
in scope and detail.
In 2003, the publication of the three parts of ISO 15156 and NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 was completed for the
first time. These technically identical documents utilized the above sources to provide requirements and
recommendations for materials qualification and selection for application in environments containing wet H S
2
in oil and gas production systems. They are complemented by NACE TM0177 and NACE TM0284 test
methods.
The revision of this part of ISO 15156 involves a consolidation of all changes agreed and published in the
Technical Corrigendum 1, ISO 15156-2:2003/Cor.1:2005 and by the Technical Circular 1,
ISO 15156-2:2001/Cir.1:2007(E), published by the ISO 15156 maintenance agency secretariat at DIN, Berlin.
The changes were developed by, and approved by the ballot of, representative groups from within the oil and
gas production industry. The great majority of these changes stem from issues raised by document users. A
description of the process by which these changes were approved can be found at the ISO 15156
maintenance website www.iso.org/iso15156maintenance.
When found necessary by oil and gas production industry experts, future interim changes to this part of
ISO 15156 will be processed in the same way and will lead to interim updates to this part of ISO 15156 in the
form of Technical Corrigenda or Technical Circulars. Document users should be aware that such documents
can exist and can impact the validity of the dated references in this part of ISO 15156.
The ISO 15156 maintenance agency at DIN was set up after approval by the ISO Technical Management
Board given in document 34/2007. This document describes the make up of the agency, which includes
experts from NACE, EFC and ISO/TC 67/WG 7, and the process for approval of amendments. It is available
from the ISO 15156 maintenance website and from the ISO/TC 67 Secretariat. The website also provides
access to related documents that provide more detail of ISO 15156 maintenance activities.
© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in
H S-containing environments in oil and gas production —
2
Part 2:
Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of
cast irons
WARNING — Carbon and low-alloy steels and cast irons selected using this part of ISO 15156 are
resistant to cracking in defined H S-containing environments in oil and gas production but not
2
necessarily immune to cracking under all service conditions. It is the equipment user's responsibility
to select the carbon and low alloy steels and cast irons suitable for the intended service.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 15156 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of carbon
and low-alloy steels for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment
plants in H S-containing environments, whose failure can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and
2
personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment
itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements of the appropriate design codes,
standards or regulations.
This part of ISO 15156 addresses the resistance of these steels to damage that can be caused by sulfide
stress-cracking (SSC) and the related phenomena of stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking (SOHIC) and
soft-zone cracking (SZC).
This part of ISO 15156 also addresses the resistance of these steels to hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and
its possible development into stepwise cracking (SWC).
This part of ISO 15156 is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized
corrosion is not addressed.
Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this part of ISO 15156 is applicable, including
permitted exclusions.
This part of ISO 15156 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and
constructed using conventional elastic design criteria. For designs utilizing plastic criteria (e.g. strain-based
and limit-state designs), see ISO 15156-1:2009, Clause 5.
Annex A lists SSC-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and A.2.4 includes requirements for the use of cast
irons.
This part of ISO 15156 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream
processes and equipment.
© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
Table 1 — List of equipment
ISO 15156 is applicable to materials used
Permitted exclusions
for the following equipment
Drilling, well construction and well-servicing equipment Equipment exposed only to drilling fluids of controlled
a
composition
Drill bits
b
Blowout preventer (BOP) shear blades
Drilling riser systems
Work strings
c
Wireline and wireline equipment
Surface and intermediate casing
d
Wells, including subsurface equipment, gas lift equipment, Sucker rod pumps and sucker rods
wellheads and christmas trees
Electric submersible pumps
Other artificial lift equipment
Slips
Flow-lines, gathering lines, field facilities and field Crude oil storage and handling facilities operating at a total
processing plants
absolute pressure below 0,45 MPa (65 psi)
Water-handling equipment Water-handling facilities operating at a total absolute
pressure below 0,45 MPa (65 psi)
Water injection and water disposal equipment
Natural gas treatment plants —
Transportation pipelines for liquids, gases and multiphase Lines handling gas prepared for general commercial and
fluids domestic use
For all equipment above Components loaded only in compression
a
See A.2.3.2.3 for more information.
b
See A.2.3.2.1 for more information.
c
Wireline lubricators and lubricator connecting devices are not permitted exclusions.
d
For sucker rod pumps and sucker rods, reference can be made to NACE MR0176.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H,
K, N, T)
ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
ISO 10423, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Drilling and production equipment — Wellhead and
christmas tree equipment
ISO 15156-1:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H S-containing environments
2
in oil and gas production — Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials
ISO 15156-3:2009, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H S-containing environments
2
in oil and gas production — Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys
2 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
1)
NACE TM0177-05 , Laboratory testing of metals for resistance to sulfide stress cracking and stress corrosion
cracking in H S environments
2
NACE TM0284, Evaluation of pipeline and pressure vessel steels for resistance to hydrogen-induced cracking
2)
EFC Publications Number 16 , Guidelines on materials requirements for carbon and low alloy steels for
H S-containing environments in oil and gas production
2
3)
SAE AMS-2430P , Shot Peening, Automatic
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 15156-1 and the following apply.
3.1
Brinell hardness
HBW
hardness value, measured in accordance with ISO 6506-1, normally using a 10 mm diameter tungsten ball
and a force of 29,42 kN
NOTE For the purposes of this provision, ASTM E10 is equivalent to ISO 6506-1.
3.2
bubble-point pressure
p
B
pressure under which gas bubbles form in a liquid at a particular operating temperature
See Clause C.2.
3.3
burnish
process of smoothing surfaces using frictional contact between the material and some other hard pieces of
material, such as hardened steel balls
3.4
casting
metal that is obtained at or near its finished shape by the solidification of molten metal in a mould
3.5
cast iron
iron-carbon alloy containing approximately 2 % to 4 % mass fraction carbon
3.5.1
grey cast iron
cast iron that displays a grey fracture surface due to the presence of flake graphite
3.5.2
white cast iron
cast iron that displays a white fracture surface due to the presence of cementite
1) NACE International, P.O. Box 2183140, Houston, Texas 77218-8340, USA.
2) European Federation of Corrosion, available from The Institute of Materials, 1 Carlton House Terrace, London SW1Y
5DB, UK [ISBN 0-901716-95-2].
3) Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 USA.
© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
3.5.3
malleable cast iron
white cast iron that is thermally treated to convert most or all of the cementite to graphite (temper carbon)
3.5.4
ductile cast iron
nodular cast iron
cast iron that has been treated while molten with an element (usually magnesium or cerium) that spheroidizes
the graphite
3.6
cementite
microstructural constituent of steels composed principally of iron carbide (Fe C)
3
3.7
cold working
cold deforming
cold forging
cold forming
deforming metal plastically under conditions of temperature and strain rate that induce strain-hardening,
usually, but not necessarily, conducted at room temperature
3.8
fitness-for-purpose
suitability for use under the expected service conditions
3.9
free-machining steel
steel to which elements such as sulfur, selenium and lead have been added intentionally to improve
machineability
3.10
lower critical temperature
temperature of a ferrous metal at which austenite begins to form during heating or at which the transformation
of austenite is completed during cooling
3.11
nitriding
case-hardening process in which nitrogen is introduced into the surface of metallic materials (most commonly
ferrous alloys)
EXAMPLES Liquid nitriding, gas nitriding, ion nitriding and plasma nitriding.
3.12
normalizing
heating a ferrous metal to a suitable temperature above the transformation range (austenitizing), holding at
temperature for a suitable time and then cooling in still air (or protective atmosphere) to a temperature
substantially below the transformation range
3.13
plastically deformed
permanently deformed by stressing beyond the limit of elasticity, i.e. the limit of proportionality of stress to
strain
3.14
pressure-containing parts
those parts whose failure to function as intended results in a release of retained fluid to the atmosphere
EXAMPLES Valve bodies, bonnets and stems.
4 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 16 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
3.15
quenched and tempered
quench hardened and then tempered
3.16
Rockwell C hardness
HRC
hardness value, measured in accordance with ISO 6508, obtained using a diamond cone indenter and a force
of 1 471 N
NOTE For the purposes of this provision, ASTM E18 is equivalent to ISO 6508-1.
3.17
shot peening
inducing compressive stresses in the surface layer of a material by bombarding it with a selected medium
(usually round steel shot) under controlled conditions
3.18
stress relieving
heating a metal to a suitable temperature, holding at that temperature long enough to reduce residual stresses,
and then cooling slowly enough to minimize the development of new residual stresses
3.19
tempering
heat treatment by heating to a temperature below the lower critical temperature, for the purpose of decreasing
the hardness and increasing the toughness of hardened steel, hardened cast iron and, sometimes, normalized
steel
3.20
tensile strength
ultimate strength
ratio of maximum load to original cross-sectional area
See ISO 6892-1.
3.21
test batch
group of items representing a production batch whose conformity with a specified requirement can be
determined by testing representative samples in accordance with a defined procedure
3.22
tubular component
cylindrical component (pipe) having a longitudinal hole, used in drilling/production operations for conveying
fluids
3.23
Vickers hardness
HV
hardness value, measured in accordance with ISO 6507-1, obtained using a diamond pyramid indenter and
one of a variety of possible applied loads
NOTE For the purposes of this provision, ASTM E92 is equivalent to ISO 6507-1.
3.24
weldment
that portion of a component on which welding has been performed, including the weld metal, the heat-affected
zone (HAZ), and the adjacent parent metal
© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 5
---------------------- Page: 17 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
3.25
weld metal
that portion of a weldment that has been molten during welding
3.26
wrought metal
metal in the solid condition that is formed to a desired shape by working (rolling, extruding, forging, etc.),
usually at an elevated temperature
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the abbreviated terms given in ISO 15156-1 and the following apply.
AYS actual yield strength
CLR crack length ratio
CR c-ring (test)
CSR crack surface ratio
CTR crack thickness ratio
DCB double cantilever beam (test)
FPB four-point bend (test)
HBW Brinell hardness
HIC hydrogen-induced cracking
HRC Rockwell hardness (scale C)
HSC hydrogen stress cracking
HV Vickers hardness
OCTG oil country tubular goods, i.e. casing, tubing and drill pipe
p partial pressure of H S
H S 2
2
R 0,2 % proof stress in accordance with ISO 6892-1
p0,2
SMYS specified minimum yield strength
SOHIC stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking
SSC sulfide stress-cracking
SWC stepwise cracking
SZC soft-zone cracking
T temperature
UNS Unified Numbering System (from SAE-ASTM, Metals and alloys in the Unified Numbering System)
UT uniaxial tensile (test)
6 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 18 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 15156-2:2010
ISO 15156-2:2009(E)
5 Purchasing information
5.1 The preparation
...
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - Materiali za uporabo v okoljih s H2S v proizvodnji olja in plina - 2. del: Proti razpokam odporna ogljikova in malolegirana jekla ter uporaba litega železa (ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009)Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Matériaux pour utilisation dans des environnements contenant de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de pétrole et de gaz - Partie 2: Aciers au carbone et aciers faiblement alliés résistants à la fissuration, et utilisation de fontes (ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009)Petroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production - Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons (ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009)77.060Korozija kovinCorrosion of metals75.180.10Oprema za raziskovanje in odkopavanjeExploratory and extraction equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:FprEN ISO 15156-2kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009en,fr01-julij-2009kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMFINAL DRAFTFprEN ISO 15156-2May 2009ICS 75.180.01Will supersede EN ISO 15156-2:2003
English VersionPetroleum and natural gas industries - Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production - Part 2:Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use ofcast irons (ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009)Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Matériaux pourutilisation dans des environnements contenant del'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de pétrole etde gaz - Partie 2: Aciers au carbone et aciers faiblementalliés résistants à la fissuration, et utilisation de fontes(ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009)This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for unique acceptance procedure. It has been drawn up by the TechnicalCommittee CEN/TC 12.If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations whichstipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other languagemade by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has thesame status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice andshall not be referred to as a European Standard.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels© 2009 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009: EkSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3 kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 "Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This document is currently submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure. This document will supersede EN ISO 15156-2:2003. Endorsement notice The text of ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009 has been approved by CEN as a FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009 without any modification.
kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
Please see the administrative notes on page iii
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TOSUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICHTHEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORT-ING DOCUMENTATION. IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ONOCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THELIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference numberISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E)© ISO 2009 FINAL DRAFT ISO/TC 67 Secretariat: ANSI Voting begins on: 2009-05-28 Voting terminates on: 2009-07-28
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS15156-2Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production — Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel —Matériaux pour utilisation dans des environnements contenant de l'hydrogène sulfuré (H2S) dans la production de pétrole et de gaz — Partie 2: Aciers au carbone et aciers faiblement alliés résistants à la fissuration, et utilisation de fontes
kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
Copyright notice This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as permitted under the applicable laws of the user's country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured. Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel.
+ 41 22 749 01 11 Fax
+ 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail
copyright@iso.org Web
www.iso.org Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement. Violators may be prosecuted.
ii © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved iiiISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING This Minor Revision has been developed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and processed under the ISO-lead mode of collaboration as defined in the Vienna Agreement. This final draft is hereby submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and three-month UAP vote in CEN. Positive votes shall not be accompanied by comments. Negative votes shall be accompanied by the relevant technical reasons.
In accordance with the provisions of Council Resolution 15/1993, this document is circulated in the English language only.
kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) iv © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved Contents Page Foreword.v Introduction.vi 1 Scope.1 2 Normative references.2 3 Terms and definitions.3 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms.6 5 Purchasing information.7 6 Factors affecting the behaviour of carbon and low alloy steels in H2S-containing environments.8 7 Qualification and selection of carbon and low-alloy steels with resistance to SSC, SOHIC and SZC.8 7.1 Option 1 — Selection of SSC-resistant steels (and cast irons) using Clause A.2.8 7.2 Option 2 — Selection of steels for specific sour-service applications or for ranges of sour service.9 7.3 Hardness requirements.11 7.4 Other fabrication methods.17 8 Evaluation of carbon and low alloy steels for their resistance to HIC/SWC.18 9 Marking, labelling and documentation.18 Annex A (normative)
SSC-resistant carbon and low alloy steels (and requirements and recommendations for the use of cast irons).19 A.1 General.19 A.2 SSC-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels and the use of cast irons.19 A.3 SSC-resistant steels for use throughout SSC region 2.26 A.4 SSC-resistant steels for use throughout SSC region 1.26 Annex B (normative)
Qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels for H2S service by laboratory testing.28 B.1 Requirements.28 B.2 Uses of laboratory qualifications.28 B.3 Test procedures to evaluate the resistance of carbon and low-alloy steels to SSC.31 B.4 Test procedures to evaluate the resistance of carbon and low-alloy steels to SOHIC and SZC.33 B.5 Test procedures and acceptance criteria to evaluate the resistance of carbon and low-alloy steels to HIC/SWC.34 Annex C (informative)
Determination of H2S partial pressure.36 C.1 Calculation of partial pressure of H2S for systems with a gas phase.36 C.2 Calculations of effective H2S partial pressure for gas-free liquid systems.36 Annex D (informative)
Recommendations for determining pH.38 Annex E (informative)
Information that should be supplied for material purchasing.43 Bibliography.45
kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 15156-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. This second edition of ISO 15156-2 cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15156-2:2003), of which it constitutes a minor revision, specifically by the following: ⎯ inclusion of the requirements for welding-procedure qualification for overlay welding; ⎯ inclusion of changes to the limitations that apply to Table A.1 on weld hardness; ⎯ inclusion of the ISO equivalents of ASTM hardness standards; ⎯ inclusion of a small number of other technical changes; ⎯ inclusion of changes to make the intent of the text clearer and to correct editorial errors. ISO 15156 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production: ⎯ Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials ⎯ Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons ⎯ Part 3: Cracking-resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys
kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) vi © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved Introduction The consequences of sudden failures of metallic oil and gas field components, associated with their exposure to H2S-containing production fluids, led to the preparation of the first edition of NACE MR0175, which was published in 1975 by the National Association of Corrosion Engineers, now known as NACE International. The original and subsequent editions of NACE MR0175 established limits of H2S partial pressure above which precautions against sulfide stress-cracking (SSC) were always considered necessary. They also provided guidance for the selection and specification of SSC-resistant materials when the H2S thresholds were exceeded. In more recent editions, NACE MR0175 has also provided application limits for some corrosion-resistant alloys, in terms of environmental composition and pH, temperature and H2S partial pressures. In separate developments, the European Federation of Corrosion issued EFC Publication 16 in 1995 and EFC Publication 17 in 1996. These documents are generally complementary to those of NACE though they differed in scope and detail. In 2003, the publication of the three parts of ISO 15156 and NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 was completed for the first time. These technically identical documents utilized the above sources to provide requirements and recommendations for materials qualification and selection for application in environments containing wet H2S in oil and gas production systems. They are complemented by NACE TM0177 and NACE TM0284 test methods. The revision of this part of ISO 15156 involves a consolidation of all changes agreed and published in the Technical Corrigendum 1, ISO 15156-2:2003/Cor.1:2005 and by the Technical Circular 1, ISO 15156-2:2001/Cir.1:2007(E), published by the ISO 15156 maintenance agency secretariat at DIN, Berlin. The changes were developed by, and approved by the ballot of, representative groups from within the oil and gas production industry. The great majority of these changes stem from issues raised by document users. A description of the process by which these changes were approved can be found at the ISO 15156 maintenance web site www.iso.org/iso15156maintenance. When found necessary by oil and gas production industry experts, future interim changes to this part of ISO 15156 will be processed in the same way and will lead to interim updates to this part of ISO 15156 in the form of Technical Corrigenda or Technical Circulars. Document users should be aware that such documents can exist and can impact the validity of the dated references in this part of ISO 15156. The ISO 15156 maintenance agency at DIN was set up after approval by the ISO Technical Management Board given in document 34/2007. This document describes the make up of the agency, which includes experts from NACE, EFC and ISO/TC 67/WG 7, and the process for approval of amendments. It is available from the ISO 15156 maintenance web site and from the ISO/TC 67 Secretariat. The web site also provides access to related documents that provide more detail of ISO 15156 maintenance activities.
kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 1 Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production — Part 2: Cracking-resistant carbon and low-alloy steels, and the use of cast irons WARNING — Carbon and low-alloy steels and cast irons selected using this part of ISO 15156 are resistant to cracking in defined H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production but not necessarily immune to cracking under all service conditions. It is the equipment user's responsibility to select the carbon and low alloy steels and cast irons suitable for the intended service. 1 Scope This part of ISO 15156 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S-containing environments, whose failure could can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. This part of ISO 15156 addresses the resistance of these steels to damage that maycan be caused by sulfide stress-cracking (SSC) and the related phenomena of stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking (SOHIC) and soft-zone cracking (SZC). This part of ISO 15156 also addresses the resistance of these steels to hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and its possible development into stepwise cracking (SWC). This part of ISO 15156 is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this part of ISO 15156 is applicable, including permitted exclusions. This part of ISO 15156 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using conventional elastic design criteria. For designs utilizing plastic criteria (e.g. strain-based and limit-state designs), see ISO 15156-1:20012009, Clause 5. Annex A lists SSC-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and A.2.4 includes requirements for the use of cast irons. This part of ISO 15156 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment. kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) 2 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved Table 1 — List of equipment ISO 15156 is applicable to materials used for the following equipment Permitted exclusions Drilling, well construction and well-servicing equipment Equipment exposed only to drilling fluids of controlled composition a Drill bits Blowout preventer (BOP) shear blades b Drilling riser systems Work strings Wireline and wireline equipment c Surface and intermediate casing Wells, including subsurface equipment, gas lift equipment, wellheads and christmas trees Sucker rod pumps and sucker rods d Electric submersible pumps Other artificial lift equipment Slips Flow-lines, gathering lines, field facilities and field processing plants Crude oil storage and handling facilities operating at a total absolute pressure below 0,45 MPa (65 psi) Water-handling equipment
Water-handling facilities operating at a total absolute pressure below 0,45 MPa (65 psi) Water injection and water disposal equipment Natural gas treatment plants — Transportation pipelines for liquids, gases and multiphase fluids Lines handling gas prepared for general commercial and domestic use For all equipment above Components loaded only in compression a See A.2.3.2.3 for more information. b See A.2.3.2.1 for more information. c Wireline lubricators and lubricator connecting devices are not permitted exclusions. d For sucker rod pumps and sucker rods, reference can be made to NACE MR0176. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method ISO 6507-1, Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method ISO 6508-1, Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 3ISO 10423, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Drilling and production equipment — Wellhead and christmas tree equipment ISO 15156-1:20012009, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production — Part 1: General principles for selection of cracking-resistant materials ISO 15156-3:20032009, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Materials for use in H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production — Part 3: Cracking–resistant CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys NACE TM0177-961), Laboratory testing of metals for resistance to sulfide stress cracking and stress corrosion cracking in H2S environments NACE TM0284, Evaluation of pipeline and pressure vessel steels for resistance to hydrogen-induced cracking EFC Publications Number 162), Guidelines on materials requirements for carbon and low alloy steels for H2S-containing environments in oil and gas production SAE AMS-S-131653), Shot peening of metal parts 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 15156-1 and the following apply. 3.1 Brinell hardness HBW hardness value, measured in accordance with ISO 6506-1, normally using a 10 mm diameter tungsten ball and a force of 29,42 kN NOTE For the purposes of this provision, ASTM E10 is equivalent to ISO 6506-1. 3.2 bubble-point pressure pB pressure under which gas bubbles form in a liquid at a particular operating temperature See Clause C.2. 3.3 burnish process of smoothing surfaces using frictional contact between the material and some other hard pieces of material, such as hardened steel balls 3.4 casting metal that is obtained at or near its finished shape by the solidification of molten metal in a mould
1) NACE International, P.O. Box 2183140, Houston, Texas 77218-8340, USA. 2) European Federation of Corrosion, available from The Institute of Materials, 1 Carlton House Terrace, London SW1Y 5DB, UK [ISBN 0-901716-95-2]. 3) Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 USA. kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) 4 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 3.5 cast iron iron-carbon alloy containing approximately 2 % to 4 % mass fraction carbon 3.5.1 grey cast iron cast iron that displays a grey fracture surface due to the presence of flake graphite 3.5.2 white cast iron cast iron that displays a white fracture surface due to the presence of cementite 3.5.3 malleable cast iron white cast iron that is thermally treated to convert most or all of the cementite to graphite (temper carbon) 3.5.4 ductile cast iron nodular cast iron cast iron that has been treated while molten with an element (usually magnesium or cerium) that spheroidizes the graphite 3.6 cementite microstructural constituent of steels composed principally of iron carbide (Fe3C) 3.7 cold working cold deforming cold forging cold forming deforming metal plastically under conditions of temperature and strain rate that induce strain-hardening, usually, but not necessarily, conducted at room temperature 3.8 fitness-for-purpose suitability for use under the expected service conditions 3.9 free-machining steel steel to which elements such as sulfur, selenium and lead have been added intentionally to improve machineability 3.10 lower critical temperature temperature of a ferrous metal at which austenite begins to form during heating or at which the transformation of austenite is completed during cooling 3.11 nitriding case-hardening process in which nitrogen is introduced into the surface of metallic materials (most commonly ferrous alloys) EXAMPLES Liquid nitriding, gas nitriding, ion nitriding and plasma nitriding. kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 53.12 normalizing heating a ferrous metal to a suitable temperature above the transformation range (austenitizing), holding at temperature for a suitable time and then cooling in still air (or protective atmosphere) to a temperature substantially below the transformation range 3.13 plastically deformed permanently deformed by stressing beyond the limit of elasticity, i.e. the limit of proportionality of stress to strain 3.14 pressure-containing parts those parts whose failure to function as intended would resultresults in a release of retained fluid to the atmosphere NOTE EXAMPLES Valve bodies, bonnets and stems. 3.15 quenched and tempered quench hardened and then tempered 3.16 Rockwell C hardness HRC hardness value, measured in accordance with ISO 6508, obtained using a diamond cone indenter and a force of 1 471 N NOTE For the purposes of this provision, ASTM E18 is equivalent to ISO 6508-1. 3.17 shot peening inducing compressive stresses in the surface layer of a material by bombarding it with a selected medium (usually round steel shot) under controlled conditions 3.18 stress relieving heating a metal to a suitable temperature, holding at that temperature long enough to reduce residual stresses, and then cooling slowly enough to minimize the development of new residual stresses 3.19 tempering heat treatment by heating to a temperature below the lower critical temperature, for the purpose of decreasing the hardness and increasing the toughness of hardened steel, hardened cast iron and, sometimes, normalized steel 3.20 tensile strength ultimate strength ratio of maximum load to original cross-sectional area NOTE See ISO 6892-1. 3.21 test batch group of items representing a production batch whose conformity with a specified requirement can be determined by testing representative samples in accordance with a defined procedure kSIST FprEN ISO 15156-2:2009
ISO/FDIS 15156-2:2009(E) 6 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 3.22 tubular component cylindrical component (pipe) having a longitudinal hole, used in drilling/production operations for conveying fluids 3.23 Vickers hardness HV hardness value, measured in accordance with ISO 6507-1, obtained using a diamond pyramid indenter and one of a variety of possible applied loads NOTE For the purposes of this provision, ASTM E92 is equivalent to ISO 6507-1. 3.24 weldment that portion of a component on which welding has been performed, including the weld metal, the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the adjacent parent metal 3.25 weld metal that portion of a weldment that has been molten during welding 3.26 wrought metal metal in the solid condition
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.