ISO/ASTM TR 52905:2023

Additive manufacturing of metals — Non-destructive testing and evaluation — Defect detection in parts

This document categorises additive manufacturing (AM) defects in DED and PBF laser and electron beam category of processes, provides a review of relevant current NDT standards, details NDT methods that are specific to AM and complex 3D geometries and outlines existing non‑destructive testing techniques that are applicable to some AM types of defects. This document is aimed at users and producers of AM processes and it applies, in particular, to the following: — safety critical AM applications; — assured confidence in AM; — reverse engineered products manufactured by AM; — test bodies wishing to compare requested and actual geometries.

Fabrication additive de métaux — Essais et évaluation non destructifs — Détection de défauts dans les pièces

Le présent document catégorise les défauts de fabrication additive (FA) de la catégorie de procédés DED et PBF par laser et faisceau d'électrons, fournit un examen des normes d'END actuelles pertinentes, détaille des méthodes d'END qui sont spécifiques à la FA et aux géométries 3D complexes et définit des techniques d'essais non destructifs existantes qui s'appliquent à certains types de défauts de FA. Le présent document est destiné aux utilisateurs et aux producteurs de procédés de FA et s'applique, en particulier, à ce qui suit: — les applications de FA critiques pour la sécurité; — la confiance assurée dans la FA; — les produits rétroconçus fabriqués par FA; — les organismes d'essai souhaitant comparer les géométries demandées et les géométries réelles.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 18-Jun-2023
• ICS: 25.030 - Additive manufacturing
• ICS: 77.040.20 - Non-destructive testing of metals
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 261 - Additive manufacturing
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 261 - Additive manufacturing
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 19-Jun-2023
• Due Date: 04-Feb-2024
• Completion Date: 19-Jun-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/ASTM TR
REPORT 52905
First edition
2023-06
Additive manufacturing of metals —
Non-destructive testing and evaluation
— Defect detection in parts
Fabrication additive de métaux — Essais et évaluation non destructifs
— Détection de défauts dans les pièces
Reference number
ISO/ASTM TR 52905:2023(E)
© ISO/ASTM International 2023

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ISO/ASTM TR 52905:2023(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/ASTM International 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.astm.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
  © ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

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ISO/ASTM TR 52905:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 NDT potential for authentication and/or identification . 2
5 List of abbreviated terms . 3
6 Typical flaws/defects in AM .4
6.1 Flaw origins/causes . 4
6.2 Flaw/defects classification . 4
6.3 Defect classification strategies for AM .12
7 NDT standards review .13
7.1 Post-process NDT standards . 13
7.1.1 ISO review . 13
7.2 In-process NDT review .15
8 Standard selection structure for AM .18
9 NDT techniques potential for AM only defects .19
10 AM artefacts .
...

FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTR
DRAFT
REPORT 52905
ISO/TC 261
Additive manufacturing of metals —
Secretariat: DIN
Non-destructive testing and evaluation
Voting begins on:
2023-02-02 — Defect detection in parts
Voting terminates on:
Fabrication additive de métaux — Essais et évaluation non destructifs
2023-04-27
— Détection de défauts dans les pièces
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/DTR 52905:2023(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DTR 52905:2023(E)
FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/ASTM
DRAFT
REPORT DTR
52905
ISO/TC 261
Additive manufacturing of metals —
Secretariat: DIN
Non-destructive testing and evaluation
Voting begins on:
— Defect detection in parts
Voting terminates on:
Fabrication additive de métaux — Essais et évaluation non destructifs
— Détection de défauts dans les pièces
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/ASTM International 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
DOCUMENTATION.
Fax: [phone]
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/ASTM DTR 52905:2023(E)
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.astm.org
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
Published in Switzerland
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN­
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
ii
  © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO/ASTM International 2023

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/ASTM DTR 52905:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 NDT potential for authentication and/or identification . 2
5 List of abbreviated terms . 2
6 Typical flaws/defects in AM .4
6.1 Flaw origins/causes . 4
6.2 Flaw/defects classification . 4
...

ISO/DTRTR 52905:20222023(E) Style Definition: Heading 1: Indent: Left: 0 pt, First
line: 0 pt, Tab stops: Not at 21.6 pt
ISO/TC 261
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at 18 pt
Date: 2022-12-262023-xx
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Secretariat: DIN
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Additive manufacturing of metals — Non-destructive testing and evaluation —
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Defect detection in parts
Style Definition: ANNEX
Style Definition: AMEND Terms Heading: Font: Bold
Fabrication additive de métaux — Essais et évaluation non destructifs — Détection de
défauts dans les pièces
Style Definition: AMEND Heading 1 Unnumbered:
Font: Bold

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ISO/DTRTR 52905:20222023(E)
© ISO/ASTM 20222023
Formatted: Pattern: Clear
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no
part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without
prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to
ASTM International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org Website: www.astm.orgwww.astm.org
Formatted: English (United States)
ii © ISO 2022/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved

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Foreword . vi
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1 Scope . 1
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2 Normative references . 1
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3 Terms and definitions . 2
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