oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023

Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 920: Tactile and haptic interactions (ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023)

This part of ISO 9241 gives recommendations for tactile/haptic hardware and software interactions. It provides guidance on the design and selection of hardware, software, and combinations of hardware and software interactions, including
•   the design/use of tactile/haptic inputs, outputs, and/or combinations of inputs and outputs, with general guidance on their design/use as well as on designing/using combinations of tactile and haptic interactions for use in combination with other modalities or as the exclusive mode of interaction,
•   the tactile/haptic encoding of information, including textual data, graphical data and controls,
•   the design of tactile/haptic objects,
•   the layout of tactile/haptic space, and
•   interaction techniques.
For guidance and recommendations on the accessibility of tactile/haptic interactions, including information on the use of braille, see ISO 9241-971. It does not provide recommendations specific to braille but can apply to interactions that make use of braille.
The recommendations given in this part of ISO 9241 are applicable to a variety of tactile/haptic devices, representing the real world or virtual or mixed realities (e.g. exoskeletons, wearables, force feedback devices, touchables, tangibles) and stimulation types (e.g. acoustic radiation pressure, electrical muscle stimulation) and they can also be found in virtual and augmented environments.
This document does not include guidance on the role of walking in virtual or mixed realities for tactile/haptic interaction.
NOTE   It is recognized that some interactive scenarios might be constrained by the limitation that a real workspace is to be modelled in a virtual environment. Objects can be in suboptimal positions or conditions for haptic interaction by virtue of the situation being modelled.
This document provides general information about how various forms of interaction can be applied to various user tasks. The use of gestures (e.g. multitouch) can be found in ISO 9241-960. Information on gesture-based interfaces can be found in the multipart standard ISO/IEC 30113. Information on contactless gestures can be found in ISO TS 9241-430.

Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 920: Taktile und haptische Interaktionen (ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023)

Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Partie 920: Interactions tactiles et haptiques (ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023)

Ergonomija medsebojnega vpliva človek-sistem - 920. del: Taktilne in haptične interakcije (ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023)

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 21-May-2023
• ICS: 13.180 - Ergonomics
• ICS: 35.080 - Software
• ICS: 35.180 - IT Terminal and other peripheral equipment
• Technical Committee: VSN - Safety of machinery
• Current Stage: 4020 - Public enquire (PE) (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 06-Mar-2023
• Due Date: 24-Jul-2023
• Completion Date: 15-May-2023
• Ref Project: prEN ISO 9241-920 - Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 920: Tactile and haptic interactions (ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023)

Relations

• Replaces: SIST EN ISO 9241-920:2017 - Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 920: Guidance on tactile and haptic interactions (ISO 9241-920:2009)
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2022
• Revises: SIST EN ISO 9241-920:2017 - Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 920: Guidance on tactile and haptic interactions (ISO 9241-920:2009)
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Revised: SIST EN ISO 9241-920:2017 - Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 920: Guidance on tactile and haptic interactions (ISO 9241-920:2009)
• Effective Date: 19-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023
01-maj-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 9241-920:2017
Ergonomija medsebojnega vpliva človek-sistem - 920. del: Taktilne in haptične
interakcije (ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023)
Ergonomics of human-system interaction - Part 920: Tactile and haptic interactions
(ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023)
Ergonomie der Mensch-System-Interaktion - Teil 920: Taktile und haptische
Interaktionen (ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023)
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Partie 920: Interactions tactiles et
haptiques (ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 9241-920
ICS:
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
35.180 Terminalska in druga IT Terminal and other
periferna oprema IT peripheral equipment
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 9241-920
ISO/TC 159/SC 4 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2023-03-02 2023-05-25
Ergonomics of human-system interaction —
Part 920:
Tactile and haptic interactions
ICS: 35.180; 13.180
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2023

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023
ISO/DIS 9241-920:2023(E)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 9241-920
ISO/TC 159/SC 4 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:

Ergonomics of human-system interaction —
Part 920:
Tactile and haptic interactions
ICS: 35.180; 13.180
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
© ISO 2023
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
ISO copyright office
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
Phone: [phone]
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
Email: [e-mail]
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Website: www.iso.org ISO/DIS 9241-920:2022(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
Published in Switzerland
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
ii
  © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2022

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023
ISO/DIS 9241-920:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . vi
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Applying ISO 9241-920 . 1
2.1 Recommendations . 1
2.2 Compliance . 2
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Tactile/haptic inputs, outputs, and/or combinations . 2
4.1 General guidance on tactile/haptic inputs, outputs and/or combinations . 2
4.1.1 Optimizing performance . 2
4.1.2 Providing accessible information on tactile/haptic elements . 3
4.1.3 Providing contextual information . 3
4.1.4 Identifying system state . 3
4.1.5 Minimizing fatigue . . . 3
4.1.6 Providing alternative input methods . 4
4.1.7 Maintaining coherence between modalities . 4
4.1.8 Combining modalities . 4
4.1.9 Presenting realistic experiences . 5
4.1.10 Isolation of individual interface elements . 5
4.2 Intentional individualization . 5
4.2.1 Enabling users to change modalities . 5
4.2.2 Enabling force feedback override . 5
4.2.3 Force feedback control . 6
4.2.4 Force feedback indication . 6
4.2.5 Enabling users to limit force feedback . 6
4.2.6 Enabling users to individualise tactile/haptic parameters . 6
4.3 Unintentional user perceptions . 6
4.3.1 Limiting acoustic output of tactile/haptic display . 6
4.3.2 Limiting heat gain of contact surface. 6
4.3.3 Avoiding sensory adaptation . 7
4.3.4 Recovering from sensory adaptation . 7
4.3.5 Avoiding unintended perceptual illusions . 7
4.3.6 Preventing temporal masking . 7
5 Attributes of tactile and haptic encoding of information . 8
5.1 High level guidance on tactile/haptic encoding of information . 8
5.1.1 Using familiar tactile/haptic patterns . 8
5.1.2 Making tactile/haptic encoding obvious . 8
5.1.3 Conformity to user expectations . 8
5.1.4 Using sensory substitution . 8
5.1.5 Using appropriate spatial addressability and resolution . . 8
5.1.6 Using tactile apparent location . 9
5.1.7 Tactile display of high spatial resolution . 9
5.1.8 Using higher addressability for trained users . 9
5.1.9 Using tactile apparent motion . 9
5.1.10 Preventing spatial masking . 9
5.2 Guidance on specific tactile/haptic attributes for encoding information . 9
5.2.1 Selecting properties for encoding information . 9
5.2.2 Discriminating between attribute values . 11
5.2.3 Limiting the number of attribute values . 11
5.2.4 Combining properties . 11
5.2.5 Limiting complexity. 11
5.2.6 Encoding by object shape . 11
iii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023
ISO/DIS 9241-920:2022(E)
5.2.7 Encoding information by temporal pattern . 11
5.2.8 Encoding information using vibration amplitude . 11
5.2.9 Encoding information by vibration frequency .12
5.2.10 Encoding by body location .12
5.2.11 Encoding by temperature .12
5.2.12 Encoding by thermal conductivity .12
5.2.13 Identifying information values .12
5.2.14 Encoding information using electrotactile amplitude .13
5.2.15 Encoding information by electrotactile frequency .13
5.2.16 Waveform for electrotactile feedback .13
5.2.17 Polarity of electrotactile output . 13
6 Content-specific tactile/haptic encoding .13
6.1 Encoding and presenting text data. 13
6.1.1 Text presentation speed .13
6.1.2 Text presentation layout . 13
6.1.3 Text shape presentation . .13
6.1.4 Text presentation surface contrast . 14
6.1.5 Text presentation size . . 14
6.2 Encoding and presenting data through information haptification . 14
6.2.1 Displaying information in tactile/haptic graphics . 14
6.2.2 Complexity of information haptification . 14
6.2.3 Maintaining orientation in information haptification . 14
6.2.4 Perceivability of information haptification . 15
6.2.5 Texture discriminability in information haptification .15
6.2.6 Consistency of information haptification . 15
6.2.7 Combinations of text and graphics in information haptification .15
6.2.8 Learnability of information haptification . 15
6.2.9 Using grids on tactile/haptic graphs . 15
6.2.10 Using landmarks in tactile/haptic maps . 15
6.2.11 Providing scales for tactile/haptic maps . 15
6.3 Encoding and using controls . 16
6.3.1 Using tactile/haptic controls . 16
6.3.2 Using size and spacing of controls to avoid accidental activation . 16
6.3.3 Use of Electrodes . 16
6.3.4 Avoiding difficult control actions . 16
6.3.5 Using force to avoid accidental activation . 16
6.3.6 Support user safety . 16
6.3.7 Interacting with virtual controls . 17
7 Design of tactile/haptic objects and space .17
7.1 Tactile/haptic display spaces . 17
7.1.1 Ease of perceiving multiple tactile/haptic objects . 17
7.1.2 Ease of identifying adjacent tactile/haptic objects . 18
7.1.3 Maintaining separation between surfaces of objects . 18
7.1.4 Separating tactile/haptic elements . 18
7.1.5 Using consistent labels . 18
7.1.6 Avoiding empty spaces. 18
7.1.7 Avoiding volume limits . 18
7.1.8 Avoiding falling out of the tactile/haptic space . 19
7.2 Objects . 19
7.2.1 Using appropriate object size . 19
7.2.2 Creating tactile/haptic symbols from visual symbols . 19
7.2.3 Discriminating tactile/haptic symbols . 19
7.2.4 Tactile/haptic object angles . 19
7.2.5 Tactile/haptic object corners . 20
8 Interaction .20
8.1 Navigating tactile/haptic space .20
8.1.1 Providing navigation information . 20
iv
  © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023
ISO/DIS 9241-920:2022(E)
8.1.2 Supporting path planning . 20
8.1.3 Providing well-designed paths . 20
8.1.4 Making landmarks easy to identify and recognise . 20
8.1.5 Providing appropriate navigation techniques . 20
8.1.6 Providing navigational aids . 20
8.1.7 Understanding the tactile/haptic space . 21
8.1.8 Supporting exploratory strategies (procedures) . 21
8.2 Reconfiguration . 21
8.2.1 Reconfiguring the tactile/haptic space. 21
8.2.2 System initiated reconfigurations . 21
8.2.3 Maintaining user’s sense of location during reconfiguration . 21
8.3 Interaction techniques. 21
8.3.1 Implementing interaction techniques . 21
8.3.2 Avoiding unintended oscillation . 22
Bibliography .23
v
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023
ISO/DIS 9241-920:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body, which is interested in a subject for which a
technical committee has been established, has the right to be represented on that committee.
International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also participate
in the work. The ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on
all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the specific approval criteria required for
varied types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be found in the Introduction
and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, “Ergonomics”, Subcommittee
SC 4, “Ergonomics of human-system interaction”, in collaboration with the European Committee
for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 122, Ergonomics, in accordance with the
Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9241-20:2008), which has been technically
revised.
A list of all parts of the ISO 9241 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
vi
  © ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023
ISO/DIS 9241-920:2022(E)
Introduction
Tactile and haptic interactions have become increasingly important interaction modalities. Mobile
interaction relies on gesture-based touch interaction, tactile/haptic control devices, and can utilise
vibration-based displays as one of several ways to provide information/experiences to the user. Touch,
vibration, and tactile/haptic interactions are also found in special purpose computing environments
(e.g. simulation, remote control, or surgery) and in assistive technologies.
While considerable research exists, a lack of ergonomic standards in this area could result in systems
being developed without sufficient concern for either ergonomics or interoperability, leading to
serious ergonomic difficulties for users of multiple incompatible or conflicting tactile/haptic devices/
applications. This part of ISO 9241 provides ergonomics recommendations for tactile and haptic
hardware and software interactions, including guidance related to the design and evaluation of
hardware, software, and combinations of hardware and software interactions. The guidelines are not
technology-dependent and will also be applicable to future technologies.
ISO 9241-910 provides a common set of terms, definitions, and descriptions of the various concepts
central to designing and using tactile/haptic interactions. It also provides an overview of the range of
tactile/haptic applications, objects, attributes, and interactions.
This standard, ISO 9241-920 provides basic guidance in the design of tactile/haptic interactions.
ISO 9241-940 provides ways of evaluating tactile/haptic interactions for their usability, the validation
of requirements, and the verification that systems meet the requirements.
ISO 9241-960 focuses on gestures as a specific type of tactile/haptic interaction and describes their
features and usability requirements.
vii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 9241-920:2023
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 9241-920:2022(E)
Ergonomics of human-system interaction —
Part 920:
Tactile and haptic interactions
1 Scope
This part of ISO 9241 gives recommendations for tactile/haptic hardware and software interactions. It
provides guidance on the design and selection of hardware, software, and combinations of hardware
and software interactions, including
— the design/use of tactile/haptic inputs, outputs, and/or combinations of inputs and outputs,
with general guidance on their design/use as well as on designing/using combinations of tactile
and haptic interactions for use in
...